Exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) induced reproductive toxicity in female koi carp (Cyprinus carpio).

A frequently utilized plasticizer is di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), considered a ubiquitous contaminant in the environment and reported to have severe impacts on animals. Although it disrupts the female reproductive system in mammals, little is known about how it effects on fish reproduction. The reproductive parameters of female adult koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) were investigated in this study subjected to environmentally relevant exposure of DEHP (1, 10 and 100 μg/L).

Could the contraceptive counselling improve contraceptive choice after abortion? A multicentric study to evaluate patients' perception.

Introduction: 24 % of abortion in Italy are repeated procedure. The cause of repeated abortion can be traced back to the inadequacy of the contraceptive counseling during the previous admission or to the adoption of an ineffective contraception method. This study aims to evaluate the Italian situation on the perceived quality of contraceptive counselling by patients undergoing abortion.

Effects of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) on Gamete Quality Parameters of Male Koi Carp ().

In this study, we evaluated gamete quality parameters of mature male koi carp () exposed to three different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 µg/L) of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). After 60 days of exposure, there was a significant decrease in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) of males exposed to 10 and 100 µg/L of DEHP. Histological analysis of the testes revealed impaired histoarchitecture, including inflammatory cells, intratubular vacuoles, and swollen seminiferous tubules in treatment groups.

Socio-demographic, behavioural and clinical factors influencing control of diabetes and hypertension in urban Mysore, South India: a mixed-method study conducted in 2018.

Background: Inadequate control of diabetes and hypertension is a major concern in India because of rising mortality and morbidity. Few studies in India have explored factors that influence control of diabetes and hypertension. The current study aimed to improve the understanding of multifactorial influence on the control of diabetes and hypertension among patients in Primary Health Care Settings(PHC) of urban Karnataka.

Fulminant Sepsis and Perinatal Death at 23 Weeks Due to .

is a gram-negative anaerobe, a constituent of the oral microflora, responsible for chronic periodontal diseases. We describe a preterm infant with premature rupture of membranes at 23 weeks of gestational age due to . The newborn died soon after birth.

Second Trimester Fetal Loss Due to Infection: A Rare Cause of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM).

is a facultative anaerobic, motile, non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacillus, which belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae. Severe infections due to spp. have been reported in the urinary tract, respiratory airways, intra-abdominal organs, skin and soft tissue, eye, bone, bloodstream, and central nervous system.

Improving access to medicines for non-communicable diseases in rural primary care: results from a quasi-randomized cluster trial in a district in South India.

Background: A large proportion of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are treatable within primary health care (PHC) settings in a cost-effective manner. However, the utilization of PHCs for NCD care is comparatively low in India. The Access-to-Medicines (ATM) study examined whether (and how) interventions aimed at health service optimization alone or combined with community platform strengthening improve access to medicines at the primary health care level within the context of a local health system.

Thermal stress-induced oxidative damages in the liver and associated death in fish, Labeo rohita.

Fish mortality generally occurs during extreme summer temperatures in India which are apprehended to be more frequent in near future and may reduce the fish population, particularly in closed aquatic systems. This present study is conducted with the objectives to find out heat shock and associated oxidative stress responses that occurred in selected fish Labeo rohita due to extremely high water temperature (treated, 37-38 °C against control, 28-30 °C) exposure for 2 weeks. Calculated mortality was 30% during the experimental period.

A narrative review of gaps in the provision of integrated care for noncommunicable diseases in India.

Background: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) account for a higher burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCD) and home to a higher number of premature deaths (before age 70) from NCDs. NCDs have become an integral part of the global development agenda; hence, the scope of action on NCDs extends beyond just the health-related sustainable development goal (SDG 3). However, the organization and integration of NCD-related health services have faced several gaps in the LMIC regions such as India.

Targeting COX-1 by mofezolac-based fluorescent probes for ovarian cancer detection.

Biomarkers of specific targets are becoming an essential objective for clinical unmet clinical needs to improve diseases early detection and increase patient overall survival. Ovarian cancer is among the highest mortality gynecological cancers. It is asymptomatic and almost always diagnosed at advanced stage.

Designing a comprehensive Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) programme for hypertension and diabetes at primary health care level: evidence and experience from urban Karnataka, South India.

Background: India accounts for more than two-third of mortality due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in south-east Asia. The burden is high in Karnataka, one of the largest states in southern India. There is a need for integration of disease prevention, health promotion, treatment and care within the national program at primary level.

Translational impact of novel widely pharmacological characterized mofezolac-derived COX-1 inhibitors combined with bortezomib on human multiple myeloma cell lines viability.

A set of novel diarylisoxazoles has been projected using mofezolac (1) as a lead compound to investigate structure-inhibitory activity relationships of new compounds and the cyclooxygenases (COXs) catalytic activity. Mofezolac was chosen because is the most potent and selective reversible COX-1 inhibitor [COX-1 IC = 0.0079 μM and COX-2 IC > 50 μM, with a selectivity index (SI) in favor of COX-1 higher than 6300].

Synthesis, radiolabelling, and evaluation of [C]PB212 as a radioligand for imaging sigma-1 receptors using PET.

The Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) has been described as a of distinct physiological functions and its involvement in various central and peripheral pathological disorders has been demonstrated. However, further investigations are required to understand the complex role of the Sig-1R as a molecular chaperon. A specific PET radioligand would provide a powerful tool in Sig-1R related studies.

Perceptions of the quality of generic medicines: implications for trust in public services within the local health system in Tumkur, India.

Introduction: Generic medicines are an important policy option to reduce out-of-pocket expenditure on medicines. However, negative perceptions of their quality affect utilisation and raise issues of confidence and trust in medicines and health services. The aim of the study was to test the quality of generic and branded medicines and explain negative perceptions towards generic medicines.

Preparedness for delivering non-communicable disease services in primary care: access to medicines for diabetes and hypertension in a district in south India.

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a major public health challenge worldwide; they account for 28 million deaths per year in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). Like many other LMICs, India is struggling to organise quality care for a large NCD-affected population especially at the primary healthcare level. The aim of this study was to assess local health system preparedness in a south Indian primary healthcare setting for addressing diabetes and hypertension.

Multifunctional thiosemicarbazones and deconstructed analogues as a strategy to study the involvement of metal chelation, Sigma-2 (σ) receptor and P-gp protein in the cytotoxic action: In vitro and in vivo activity in pancreatic tumors.

The aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer urgently requires more efficient treatment options. Because the sigma-2 (σ) receptor was recently proposed as a promising target for pancreatic cancer therapy, we explored our previously developed multifunctional thiosemicarbazones, designed to synergistically impair cell energy levels, by targeting σ and P-gp proteins and chelating Iron. A deconstruction approach was herein applied by removing one function at a time from the potent multifunctional thiosemicarbazones 1 and 2, to investigate the contribution to cytotoxicity of each target involved.

Quantum Dot Based Luminescent Nanoprobes for Sigma-2 Receptor Imaging.

The increasing importance of sigma-2 receptor as target for the diagnosis and therapy of tumors paves the way for the development of innovative optically traceable fluorescent probes as tumor cell contrast and therapeutic agents. Here, a novel hybrid organic-inorganic nanostructure is developed by combining the superior fluorescent properties of inorganic quantum dots (QDs), coated with a hydrophilic silica shell (QD@SiO NPs), the versatility of the silica shell, and the high selectivity for sigma-2 receptor of the two synthetic ligands, namely, the 6-[(6-aminohexyl)oxy]-2-(3-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)propyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-one (MLP66) and 6-[1-[3-(4-cyclohexylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-5-yloxy]hexylamine (TA6). The proposed nanostructures represent a challenging alternative to all previously studied organic small fluorescent molecules, based on the same sigma-2 receptor affinity moieties.

Sigma-2 receptor agonist derivatives of 1-Cyclohexyl-4-[3-(5-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)propyl]piperazine (PB28) induce cell death via mitochondrial superoxide production and caspase activation in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Despite considerable efforts by scientific research, pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer related mortalities. Sigma-2 receptors, which are overexpressed in several tumors, represent promising targets for triggering selective pancreatic cancer cells death.

Methods: We selected five differently structured high-affinity sigma-2 ligands (PB28, PB183, PB221, F281 and PB282) to study how they affect the viability of diverse pancreatic cancer cells (human cell lines BxPC3, AsPC1, Mia PaCa-2, and Panc1 and mouse Panc-02, KCKO and KP-02) and how this is reflected in vivo in a tumor model.

Sigma-2 receptor and progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) are two different proteins: Proofs by fluorescent labeling and binding of sigma-2 receptor ligands to PGRMC1.

A controversial relationship between sigma-2 and progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) proteins, both representing promising targets for the therapy and diagnosis of tumors, exists since 2011, when the sigma-2 receptor was reported to be identical to PGRMC1. Because a misidentification of these proteins will lead to biased future research hampering the possible diagnostic and therapeutic exploitation of the two targets, there is the need to solve the debate on their identity. With this aim, we have herein investigated uptake and distribution of structurally different fluorescent sigma-2 receptor ligands by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy in MCF7 cells, where together with intrinsic sigma-2 receptors, PGRMC1 was constitutively present or alternatively silenced or overexpressed.

Improving access to medicines for non-communicable diseases in rural India: a mixed methods study protocol using quasi-experimental design.

Background: India has the distinction of financing its healthcare mainly through out-of-pocket expenses by individual families contributing to catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment. Nearly 70 % of the expenditure is on medicines purchased at private pharmacies. Patients with chronic ailments are especially affected, as they often need lifelong medicines.

Effect of Moringa oleifera on hematological parameters of calves reared in industrial fluorotic area.

Aim: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the ameliorative potential of dried Moringa oleifera fruit powder in fluorosis affected calves reared around the vicinity of aluminium smelter plant.

Materials And Methods: Total 107 calves were screened on the basis of clinical signs and higher plasma fluoride (more than 0.2 ppm) level for evidence of fluorosis.

Characterization of Anticancer Principles of Celosia argentea (Amaranthaceae).

Background: An Indian origin, Celosia argentea is a weed growing during rainy season traditionally claimed for treating several ailments. Early researches on C. argentea were focused on the anti-cancer screening of seeds, with few reports on aerial parts.

Management of Fistula-In-Ano with Special Reference to Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract.

Context: The surgical management of fistula-in-ano is still debatable and no clear recommendations have been made available until now. The present study analyses the results of ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) technique in treating fistula-in-ano in particular with recurrence, healing time, and continence status.

Aims: LIFT in the management of patients of fistula-in-ano of cryptoglandular origin.