Clinical utility of ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines for high-burden mental disorders: results from mental health settings in 13 countries.

In this paper we report the clinical utility of the diagnostic guidelines for ICD-11 mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders as assessed by 339 clinicians in 1,806 patients in 28 mental health settings in 13 countries. Clinician raters applied the guidelines for schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders, mood disorders (depressive and bipolar disorders), anxiety and fear-related disorders, and disorders specifically associated with stress. Clinician ratings of the clinical utility of the proposed ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines were very positive overall.

Factors associated with false positives in MDQ screening for bipolar disorder: Insight into the construct validity of the scale.

Background: Identifying bipolar patients in the first phases of the illness is essential to establish adequate treatment. The goal of this study was to examine the discriminant ability of the Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ) in recognizing bipolar patients referred to a tertiary care structure.

Methods: Between 2006 and 2012, we assessed 843 individuals referred to the Mood Disorders Program by family physicians in the community.

The ICD-11 developmental field study of reliability of diagnoses of high-burden mental disorders: results among adult patients in mental health settings of 13 countries.

Reliable, clinically useful, and globally applicable diagnostic classification of mental disorders is an essential foundation for global mental health. The World Health Organization (WHO) is nearing completion of the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11). The present study assessed inter-diagnostician reliability of mental disorders accounting for the greatest proportion of global disease burden and the highest levels of service utilization - schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety and fear-related disorders, and disorders specifically associated with stress - among adult patients presenting for treatment at 28 participating centers in 13 countries.

Childhood neglect predicts the course of major depression in a tertiary care sample: a follow-up study.

Background: The course of depression is poorer in clinical settings than in the general population. Several predictors have been studied and there is growing evidence that a history of childhood maltreatment consistently predicts a poorer course of depression.

Methods: Between 2008 and 2012, we assessed 238 individuals suffering from a current episode of major depression.

Comparative distribution and validity of DSM-IV and DSM-5 diagnoses of eating disorders in adolescents from the community.

Objectives: DSM-5 changes for eating disorders (EDs) aimed to reduce preponderance of non-specified cases and increase validity of specific diagnoses. The objectives were to estimate the combined effect of changes on prevalence of EDs in adolescents and examine validity of diagnostic groupings.

Method: A total of 3043 adolescents (1254 boys and 1789 girls, Mage  = 14.

Pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorder and concordance with treatment guidelines: survey of a general population sample referred to a tertiary care service.

Background: Many new approaches have been adopted for the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD) in the past few years, which strived to produce more positive outcomes. To enhance the quality of care, several guideline recommendations have been developed. For study purposes, we monitored the prescription of psychotropic drugs administered to bipolar patients who had been referred to tertiary care services, and assessed the degree to which treatment met specific guidelines.

Paratrigonal choroid plexus papilloma presenting with satellite multiple supra- and infratentorial hemorrhages. Neuroanatomical basis and pathological hypothesis.

Introduction: Choroid plexus papillomas (CPP) are rare tumors arising from the neuroepithelium of the choroid plexus.

Presentation Of Case: We report a case of a patient operated for a paratrigonal hemorrhagic WHO class I CPP presenting with multiple satellite supra- and infratentorial hemorrhages. Clinical presentation was characterized by sudden hemiparesis, speech impairment and consciousness deterioration; neuroradiological imaging showed a huge contrast-enhanced solid hemorrhagic left paratrigonal lesion along with others multifocal right occipital and vermian hemorrhages.

[Peritraumatic distress prospectively predicts PTDS symptoms in assault victims].

Introduction And Objectives: Among the peritraumatic reactions after a traumatic event, one best identifies dissociation as a predictor of serious post-traumatic problems. The dimension of emotional distress is recent in the literature and we have attempted to identify how it may contribute to the prediction of the evolution of post-traumatic symptoms.

Method: 1.

Emotion-processing deficits in eating disorders.

Objective: First, we measured both emotional awareness and alexithymia to understand better emotion-processing deficits in eating disorder patients (EDs). Second, we increased the reliability of the measures by limiting the influence of confounding factors (negative affects).

Method: Seventy females with eating disorders were compared with 70 female controls.

[Validation of the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory's French translation].

Objective: This article outlines the French translation and validation of the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI) in a psychotrauma outpatient sample.

Method: A total of 127 French-speaking individuals were assessed from 2001 to 2002, at their first psychiatric visit for a traumatic event. An assessment at 3 months was offered by mail to control temporal stability.

Correlation between serum levels of interleukin-4 and alexithymia scores in healthy female subjects: preliminary findings.

Objective: Some studies suggest that inaccuracy in recognizing and describing emotional states, combined with a highly descriptive mode of expression, as in alexithymia, may influence the immune response. We therefore investigated in healthy women the relationship between alexithymia and circulating levels of IL-1, IL-2 and IL-4.

Method: Seventeen mentally and physically healthy women aged between 20 and 25 years completed psychological questionnaires to assess alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale: TAS) and depressed mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: HAD).

Correlation between serum levels of interleukin-4 and alexithymia scores in healthy female subjects: preliminary findings.

Some studies suggest that inaccuracy in recognizing and describing emotional states, combined with a highly descriptive mode of expression, as in alexithymia, may influence the immune response. We therefore investigated in healthy women the relationship between alexithymia and circulating levels of IL-1, IL-2 and IL-4. Seventeen mentally and physically healthy women aged between 20 and 25 years completed psychological questionnaires to assess alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale: TAS) and depressed mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: HAD).

Binge eating behaviours, depression and weight control strategies.

The aim of this paper was to explore the relationships between depressive symptoms and weight control strategies in DSM-IV eating disordered patients with binge eating behaviours. We hypothesised that weight control strategies characterised by a loss of control, such as vomiting and purging, may be clinically associated with increased levels of depression. The study population consisted of 402 consecutive outpatients: 27 with binge eating/purging anorexia nervosa (AN-BN), 213 with purging bulimia nervosa (BN-P), 73 with non-purging bulimia nervosa (BN-NP), and 89 with binge eating disorder (BED).

Prediction of the occurrence and intensity of post-traumatic stress disorder in victims 32 months after bomb attack.

Introduction: Our objective was to identify factors that predict occurrence and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a terrorism attack.

Population: We evaluated 32 victims of a bomb attack in a Paris subway in December 1996 at 6 and 32 months.

Method: Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical data and physical injuries were used to predict PTSD occurrence and severity in 32 victims.

Involvement of cytokines in eating disorders: a critical review of the human literature.

A number of findings from clinical and animal studies indicate that pro-inflammatory cytokines may play roles in eating disorders. The measurement of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNFalpha), which are known to decrease food intake, provides highly variable data from which firm conclusions cannot be drawn. In most of the longitudinal studies where pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be impaired in anorexia or bulimia nervosa, a return to normal values was observed after renutrition.

[Anhedonia and emotional awareness: facts and perspectives in eating disorders].

According to clinical reports, patients with eating disorders (EDs) are unable to differentiate and regulate emotional states. They are hypothesized alexithymic and lacking of emotional awareness. We investigate EDs capacity to experiment pleasure and levels of emotional awareness, in a comparative study.

Depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in elderly people. Longitudinal study.

Background: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in elderly people, but the nature of their temporal relationship remains equivocal.

Aims: To test whether depressive symptoms predict cognitive decline in elderly people with normal cognition.

Method: The Center for Epidemiologic Study depression scale (CES-D) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate depressive symptomatology and cognitive functioning, respectively.

[French validation study of the levels of emotional awareness scale].

According to a thesis based on the idea of an influence of cognitions in the structuring of internal reality, emotional awareness, ie the capacity of representing your own emotional experience and that of others, is a cognitive process that goes into maturation. Defining this concept, Lane and Schwartz present a cognitivo-developmental model in five stages of the processes of symbolization, accounting for the differences in levels of emotional awareness observed in individuals. The organization of these cognitive processes would thus be structured in well differentiated stages, in which the development of the emotions would be inseparable from the development of ego and of the relation to others.

Psychosocial factors at work, personality traits and depressive symptoms. Longitudinal results from the GAZEL Study.

Background: An association between stressful job conditions and depressive symptoms has been reported. This association could be explained by personality traits.

Aims: To examine the relationship between psychosocial factors at work and changes in depressive symptoms, taking into account personality traits.

Long-term benzodiazepine use and cognitive decline in the elderly: the Epidemiology of Vascular Aging Study.

Several cross-sectional studies have found cognitive impairment in subjects taking benzodiazepines for long periods. However, it is not known whether long-term use of benzodiazepines accelerates cognitive decline in the elderly. The authors addressed this issue in a follow-up study of 1,389 people aged 60 to 70 years recruited from the electoral rolls of the city of Nantes (Epidemiology of Vascular Aging study).