Physical education and its role in school health promotion.

In this article, the authors promote the concept of health-oriented physical education, discuss professional standards, examine the current status of physical education programs, and discuss trends affecting physical education. Recommendations to make physical education more effective are provided.

Physical fitness programming for health promotion at the worksite.

Exercise enthusiasts and health professionals have recommended that physical fitness programs be implemented in the occupational setting. Such programs are promoted on the basis of expected benefits to both the employee and employer. The potential for benefit to the employee seems substantial, since a sizable body of knowledge links regular exercise to improved functional capacity and reduced risk for development of certain chronic diseases.

Sports Anemia: A Review of the Current Research Literature.

In brief: A small percentage of athletes are anemic, and a substantial number have hemoglobin concentrations that are less than optimal for endurance performance. Possible causes of sports anemia are plasma volume expansion, reduced hemoglobin synthesis and/or erythropoiesis, and increased destruction of RBCs. Physicians should screen athletes for anemia, suboptimal hemoglobin, and the factors that apparently increase the risk of these conditions: (1) a diet that is low in iron, protein, vitamin C, vitamin B12, and/or folic acid; (2) high rates of iron loss; and (3) very intense training, especially at the outset of an exercise program.

Dietary Iron Supplementation In Women Athletes.

Although iron is one of the most commonly used nutritional supplements, this study concluded that iron supplementation did not alter the iron status of the women athletes studied.

Effects of arm training on retention of training effects derived from leg training.

This study examined the effects of arm training on retention of training effects produced by leg training. Thirteen adult male subjects leg trained on bicycle ergometers for 8 weeks. During the subsequent 4 week control period group AT (N = 4) arm trained by cranking an ergometer, group DT (N = 4) discontinued training and group LT (N = 5) continued leg training.