Multiple microlithiasis in bilateral parotid glands as the initial clinical manifestation of primary Sjögren's syndrome.

We report a rare case of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) with multiple microliths in the bilateral parotid glands. A 41-year-old man presented to our department with mild pain in the region of the right parotid gland. The dental examination was negative except for the parotid regions.

[Calcifications in the maxillofacial area].

Among patients presenting for dental treatment we could reveal various calcifications on panoramic x-rays or on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) Calcifications is more likely to occur in vessels, ligaments, glandular tissues and is usually associated with chronic inflammation or scarring. The purpose of this article is to describe the imaging characteristics of commonly observed calcifications of the maxillofacial area with presenting our own cases such as: tonsilloliths, calcified lymph nodes, elongeated styloid process (calcified stylohyoid chain), phleboliths, carotid atheromas, calcified laryngeal cartilage.

[Difficulties in differential diagnosis of dentin dysplasia. Case report].

In cases of periapical lesions of unknown origin we have to keep in mind the possibility of dentin dysplasia. From the differential diagnostic point of view of differential diagnosis it is important to recognize this disease as it significantly influences the treatment modality. It is an anomaly of unknown etiology that could affect both deciduous and permanent dentition.

Comparative evaluation of cone-beam CT equipment with micro-CT in the visualization of root canal system.

The aim of this study was to compare three different cone-beam CT (CBCT) instruments used in dental clinical practice with micro-CT as gold standard. Three female monkeys' (Macaca fascicularis) skulls were selected and scanned by the tested CBCT-s. The most apical visible root canal level on the CBCT images was used as reference level (RL).

[The clinical importance of the mandibular canal course variations].

The authors review the literature relating to anatomical variations of mandibular canals. They compare the results of their examinations with the literature data. The proportion of duplicated mandibular canal observed during macroscopic examinations of mandibles proved to be substantially higher than that revealed by X-ray pictures.

Atypical courses of the mandibular canal: comparative examination of dry mandibles and x-rays.

Knowledge of the course of the mandibular canal and its anatomic variations is of great importance in oral surgery, especially in preprosthetic operations and the insertion of endosteal implants and during the planning of removable dentures prepared in cases involving extensively atrophied mandibles. We review the literature on duplicated mandibular canals, which is based exclusively on radiologic findings. Then, we compare this with an examination of dry mandibles and further radiologic studies.

[Factors impeding obstructed teeth in their eruption. Case report].

With preparation of six study cases the objective of the authors was to abrow colleagues' attention to the fact that teeth remained in impactio and retention might cause complaints not only due to normal anatomical reasons but some complications might occur resulting from anomaly of development. The authors consider the topic extremely important by reason of the case's varieties and the clinical observations made recently and frequently. An increased attention to this case is reasonable since eruption of teeth might happen in case of removal of obstructic fact in time, permanent row of teeth returns to normal, and adequate dental arch might develop.

[Gardner syndrome. Case reports].

The authors discuss 3 cases of Gardner-syndrome, outlining malignized large intestine polyposis, multiplex osteomas and the different skin tumours as the main features. The earliest symptoms suspecting the clinical picture are usually dental and/or mandibular lesions and draw the attention to the highly malignant polyposis.

Antimicrobial efficacy of various root canal preparation techniques: an in vitro comparative study.

In this study, we compared the antimicrobial efficacy of various root canal preparation techniques and instruments in the root canals of 40 human first maxillary premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons. After extirpation of the pulp, teeth were sterilized in an autoclave. Then, the root canals were infected with Enterococcus faecalis suspension and the teeth incubated at 37 degrees C for 24 h.