Implications in the quantification of SARS-CoV2 copies in concurrent nasopharyngeal swabs, whole mouth fluid and respiratory droplets.

Objective: Association of SARS-CoV2 burden in the aerodigestive tract with the disease is sparsely understood. We propose to elucidate the implications of SARS-CoV2 copies in concurrent nasopharyngeal swab (NPS), whole mouth fluid (WMF) and respiratory droplet (RD) samples on disease pathogenesis/transmission.

Methods: SARS-CoV2 copies quantified by RT-PCR in concurrent NPS, WMF and RD samples from 80 suspected COVID-19 patients were analysed with demographics, immune response and disease severity.

Carbapenem-Resistant Gram Negative Bacilli Are Predominantly Multidrug or Pan-Drug Resistant.

Carbapenems, although originally introduced against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram negative bacilli (GNB), are now advocated for initial empiric use resulting in increasing carbapenem-resistant (CR) GNB. In this study, we analyzed the frequencies of CR-GNB and compared their resistance patterns against other antibiotics. Overall, 42% (1,014/2,420) of CR-GNB were isolated (range: 29-59%), with similar frequencies among hospitalized and community-acquired infections.