Depression in Older Adults 12 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Objective: To investigate depression at 12 months after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in older adults compared with younger adults.

Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study of persons with medically documented mild, moderate, and severe TBI at 12 months postinjury.

Setting: Eighteen participating Level 1 trauma centers in the United States.

The relationship of cognitive change over time to the self-reported Ascertain Dementia 8-item Questionnaire in a general population.

Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between longitudinally assessed cognitive functioning and self-reported dementia status using the Ascertain Dementia 8-item questionnaire (AD8) in a national population-based sample.

Methods: The analysis included 14,453 participants from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study. A validated cutoff of ≥2 symptoms endorsed on the AD8 (administered 10 years after enrollment) represented positive AD8 status.

The relationship of longitudinal cognitive change to self-reported IADL in a general population.

This study examined the relationship between cognitive change and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in a large, national, population-based sample. Cognitive change was assessed via verbal fluency, word list learning (WLL), and word list delayed recall (WLD). Incident cognitive impairment was defined by change in Six-Item Screener (SIS) status over a period of 10 years.

Utilization of the Patient Competency Rating Scale in an epileptic and non-epileptic veteran population.

Differentiating between epilepsy and psychogenic non-epileptic events (PNEE) can be difficult given similar presentations. PNEE is often misdiagnosed, resulting in unwarranted treatment with anti-epileptic drugs (AED). While the gold standard for differentiating PNEE from epilepsy is video EEG (VEGG) monitoring, self-reported symptomology has also been shown to discriminate between epilepsy and PNEE with high accuracy, particularly in cases where VEEG is difficult to obtain or when there are no observed events during extended monitoring.

Olfactory ability in normal pressure hydrocephalus as compared to Alzheimer's disease and healthy controls.

Objectives: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a treatable neurological disorder that appears in older adults, lacks specific diagnostic criteria, and resembles symptoms seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Presently, differentiating NPH from AD in the early stages of symptom presentation remains difficult. This study established whether olfactory testing may be useful in this regard.

Stroke Symptoms With Absence of Recognized Stroke Are Associated With Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults With Diabetes.

Self-reported stroke symptoms may represent unrecognized cerebrovascular events leading to poorer cognitive and mental health. We examined relationships between stroke symptoms, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms in a high-risk sample: 247 adults aged ≥65 with diabetes. Stroke symptoms were assessed using the Questionnaire for Verifying Stroke-free Status, cognitive impairment was measured with the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status, and depressive symptoms were measured using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale.

Social anxiety and social cognition: the influence of sex.

Current theoretical models predict a negative relationship between social anxiety and performance on measures of social cognition, yet there appears to be relatively little research that directly examines this relationship and the potential interaction of sex. Two samples of undergraduates self-reporting either a high (n=27; 59% female) or low (n=29; 62% female) level of social anxiety on the abbreviated Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory completed two social cognition measures: the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (Eyes Test) and The Awareness of Social Inference Test-Parts 2 and 3). A multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant group by sex interaction on overall social cognition performance.

Tendon-to-bone healing of a quadrupled hamstring tendon graft fixed with biodegradable screws in an immature athlete: a radiologic, arthroscopic, histologic, and electromicroscopic investigation.

Abstract Quadrupled hamstring tendon is one of the most commonly used ligamentous substitutes in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. We describe a case of a young athlete who sustained a rerupture of a semitendinosus-gracilis autograft fixed with biodegradable screws 2 years after primary surgery. Radiologic, arthroscopic, histologic, and electromicroscopic investigation showed tendon-to-bone healing of the soft tissue graft and partial degradation of the interference screws.

[Ultrasonographic imaging of pneumarthrosis of the knee joint--case report and experimental cadaver study].

In case of penetrating injuries near to the knee joint showing only a small skin lesion and no damage to tendons and neuro-vascular structures, opening of the joint cavity has to be taken into consideration. Besides surgical revision of the penetration canal, radiological depiction of free intraarticular air may be useful. We report the cases of two patients, who suffered from intraarticular effusion and pain two, respectively three days after a penetrating injury.

A new bioabsorbable interference screw: preliminary results of a prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial.

A randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare a bioabsorbable polyglyconate screw (Endo-Fix; Smith & Nephew, Andover, MA) to a metal screw in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A total of 124 patients were operated on and 113 assessed up to 1 year postoperatively. Assessments included a history and physical examination, the IKDC evaluation, and knee arthrometry measurements.

Failure of clinical methods in assessing graft integrity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: an arthroscopic evaluation.

We reviewed the findings of 24 patients who underwent knee arthroscopy following a bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Preoperative symptoms included pain, swelling, catching, and/or locking. Only one patient presented with subjective instability.

Transsection of the peroneal nerve complicating knee arthroscopy: case report and cadaver study.

We report the case of a 36-year-old male patient who sustained a hyperextension trauma of the left knee. After performing diagnostic arthroscopy (partial tear of the anterior cruciate ligament) and partial resection of the anterior cruciate ligament, the patient experienced a complete paralysis of the peroneal nerve. One year after the first surgical procedure, a reconstructive repair of the peroneal nerve and a transfer of the anterior tibial muscle was performed.

[Are complications in cruciate ligament replacement operations with patellar tendon transplantation dependent on surgical technique and surgical timing?].

Hypothesis: In a retrospective study we analyzed our results of ACL reconstructions with a patellar tendon graft. We wanted to know if the complications were dependent upon timing and technique of surgery.

Method: We reviewed 283 patients after ACL-reconstruction, who underwent an operation with bone patellar tendon graft between 1984-1993.

[Value of ultrasound in diagnosis of post-traumatic heterotopic ossifications].

Heterotopic ossification is a non-neoplastic deposit of bone within soft tissue (myositis ossificans). The most common localized form is post-traumatic myositis ossificans. The ultrasonographic appearance of heterotopic ossification is characterized by highly echogenic areas with attenuation or complete disappearance of the acoustic signal distal to these areas.

[Caries prevalence in primary teeth of German and foreign children within the scope of the 1995/96 school entrance examination in Dusseldorf].

900 children of 6 years of age were examined and interviewed by dentists of the Board of Health before they started school. 29.77% of these prospective pupils were children of foreign workers, i.

[Ultrasound imaging of osteosynthesis materials in traumatology--an experimental study].

The aim of the present study was to establish the typical ultrasound (US) patterns of metal implants used for internal fracture fixation, and consequently to use US for the identification and localisation of such implants. We investigated both the visualization of the implants in term of size and shape, material (titanium, steel, biodegradable screws) and surface structures, and possible changes in the echo pattern in relationship to surrounding structures (muscles, body fluid), proximity to bone, and changes in the angle of insonation. For this purpose ultrasonography was performed on artificial and isolated cadaver bones in a water bath, as well as on cadaver limbs following prior implantation of screws, plates, K-wires and cerclage wires.

[Complications in 283 cruciate ligament replacement operations with free patellar tendon transplantation. Modification by surgical technique and surgery timing].

In our retrospective study we reviewed 283 patients who were operated on between 1984 and 1993 after an ACL-rupture. We used a free patellar tendon bone graft in all patients. The aim was to assess the complications such as infections, thrombosis, limitation of movement and graft failures.

Early detection of delayed union in lower leg fractures using a computerised analysis of mechanical vibration reactions of bone for assessing the state of fracture healing.

Standard X-ray techniques are used to follow up the healing process of bone fractures. However, these methods allow only indirect conclusions about the stability of the healing bone, depending on the experience of the clinician. In addition, by radiologic means, delayed union or non-union can only be diagnosed on the basis of the absence of specific changes such as callus formation.

Quantitative assessment of fracture healing. The value of computerised sonometry in a correlative animal experiment in sheep.

Usually follow-up of the healing process of bone fractures is by subjective assessment of standard X-rays, based on the clinician's personal experience. It is therefore impossible to completely avoid misjudgements in the evaluation of the mechanical stability. Other authors have reported that the mechanical response of bony structures to a knock impulse allows a definitive statement about the stiffness of a fracture.

[Blood supply to the cervical spinal cord and possible therapeutic consequences in cervical spinal cord injuries].

The study was designed to demonstrate the blood supply to the cervical cord through radicular branches and was carried out in 23 human cadavers into which preparations were injected by the intra-articular route. One corrosion cast of the head and neck showed extravertebral anastomotic pathways. After removal of the vertebral bodies and discs from C1 to D3, the anterior spinal artery and radicular branches were identified and dissected back to their origins from the vertebral, deep or ascending cervical arteries.

Arthroscopic treatment of meniscal cysts.

In a series of 1160 arthroscopies we found 16 meniscal cysts; 12 involved the lateral joint line and two the medial, and two were intra-articular. In all but two cases, arthroscopy showed meniscal tears. We recommend arthroscopy of all cases to correct the meniscal lesion, and to evacuate the cyst into the joint by opening the joint capsule.