Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against Philaenus spumarius, the vector of Xylella fastidosa.

Background: Xylella fastidiosa is an important causative agent of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome in the Apulia region of Italy. The current study evaluated the bioefficacy of three entomopathogenic fungal strains: Beauveria bassiana SGB7004, Metarhizium robertsii SGB1K, and Akanthomyces lecanii SGB4711 against Philaenus spumarius the main vector of this pathogen, under laboratory conditions. Pathogenicity bioassays were performed by dipping nymphs and adults of P.

Potential of fungi of the genus Trichoderma for biocontrol of Philaenus spumarius, the insect vector for the quarantine bacterium Xylella fastidosa.

Background: The meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius L. is the vector for the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa subspecies pauca, involved in olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS) in Salento (Italy). Control of P.

Activity of Some Plant and Fungal Metabolites towards (Diptera, Culicidae).

(Skuse) is a widespread mosquito, a vector of important human arboviruses, including Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika. It is an extremely difficult species to control even for the onset of resistances to chemicals insecticides, therefore ecofriendly products are urgently needed. In this study, the activity of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids and some of their semisynthetic derivatives, of 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and two analogues, of cyclopaldic acid and -epoformin on the survival and development of larvae was evaluated.

Electrophysiological and behavioural response of Philaenus spumarius to essential oils and aromatic plants.

The meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius, is a highly polyphagous widespread species, playing a major role in the transmission of the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa subspecies pauca, the agent of the "Olive Quick Decline Syndrome". Essential oils (EOs) are an important source of bio-active volatile compounds that could interfere with basic metabolic, biochemical, physiological, and behavioural functions of insects. Here, we report the electrophysiological and behavioural responses of adult P.

Long Chain Alcohols Produced by Trichoderma citrinoviride Have Phagodeterrent Activity against the Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid Rhopalosiphum padi.

In this study we report the effects of fungal metabolites isolated from cultures of the fungus Trichoderma citrinoviride ITEM 4484 on the feeding preference of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi, a major pest of cereal crops. Different phagodeterrent metabolites were purified by a combination of direct and reverse phase column chromatography and thin-layer chromatography. Chemical investigations, by spectroscopic and chemical methods, led to the identification of different long chain primary alcohols (LCOHs) of the general formula R-OH, wherein R is a long, unbranched, unsubstituted, linear aliphatic group.

Survival of freezing by hydrated tardigrades inhabiting terrestrial and freshwater habitats.

The seasonality and unpredictability of environmental conditions at high altitudes and latitudes govern the life cycle patterns of organisms, giving rise to stresses that cause death or development of specific adaptations. Ice formation is a major variable affecting the survival of both freshwater fauna and fauna inhabiting lichens, mosses and leaf litter. Tardigrades occupy a wide range of niches in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments.