Imaging Findings in Aspergillosis: From Head to Toe.

Aspergillosis is a mycotic infection induced by airborne fungi that are ubiquitous. Inhalation of Aspergillus conidia results in transmission through the respiratory tract. The clinical presentation is dependent on organism and host specifics, with immunodeficiency, allergies, and preexisting pulmonary disease constituting the most important risk factors.

Artificial Intelligence for Cardiothoracic Imaging: Overview of Current and Emerging Applications.

Artificial intelligence algorithms can learn by assimilating information from large datasets in order to decipher complex associations, identify previously undiscovered pathophysiological states, and construct prediction models. There has been tremendous interest and increased incorporation of artificial intelligence into various industries, including healthcare. As a result, there has been an exponential rise in the number of research articles and industry participants producing models intended for a variety of applications in medical imaging, which can be challenging to navigate for radiologists.

Chest Imaging in Systemic Endemic Mycoses.

Endemic fungal infections are responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality in certain regions of the world. The diagnosis and management remain a challenge, and the reason could be explained by the lack of disease awareness, variability of symptoms, and insidious and often overlooked clinical presentation. Imaging findings are nonspecific and frequently misinterpreted as other more common infectious or malignant diseases.

Toxicity and Transgenerational Effects of Insecticides on Trichopria anastrephae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae).

Trichopria anastrephae Costa Lima, 1940 (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) is a pupal endoparasitoid of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, 1931 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Brazil. This species is of great agricultural importance and is almost exclusively managed by organophosphate, spinosyn, pyrethroid, neonicotinoid, and avermectin insecticides. However, frequent application of insecticides can have negative effects on the parasitoid.

Residual action of five insecticides on larvae and adults of the neotropical predators Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Eriopis connexa (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).

This work aimed to evaluate the residual action of five insecticides on larvae and adults of the predators Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) and Eriopis connexa (Germar). The insecticides gamma-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid+beta-cyfluthrin, methomyl, thiamethoxam, and thiamethoxam+lambda-cyhalothrin were sprayed in pod bean plants until the point of runoff. Weekly, at 3, 10, 17, 24, and 31 days, first instar larvae and adults of both predators were exposed to leaves containing dry residues of the insecticides.

Pesticide selectivity to the parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum: A pattern 10-year database and its implications for Integrated Pest Management.

Trichogramma pretiosum is one of the main egg parasitoids used in the control of lepidopteran pests in Brazil. This natural enemy can be negatively affected by the use of insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. The present work used a systematic review and meta-analysis to group information from multiple studies on the selectivity of pesticides (279 commercial products) in rice, corn, soybean, apple and peach crops for immature stages (egg-larva, pre-pupa, and pupa) and adult parasitoids.

Ultrasound-Guided Chest Compressions in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests.

Background: There is a significant variability in survival rates for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in out of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), and some data indicate that ultrasound improves CPR.

Objectives: We evaluated the feasibility of ultrasound for monitoring chest compressions in OHCA.

Methods: We planned a prospective study in patients with an ultrasound-integrated CPR for OHCA.

Diagnosis and treatment of upper eyelid lipoma: A case report.

Purpose: Presentation of a rare lesion: a case of upper eyelid lipoma.

Observations: A 76-year-old otherwise healthy woman presented with a right upper eyelid swelling. Her medical history was recorded.

Side-effects of pesticides used in irrigated rice areas on Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae).

Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) is an important agent for the biological control of stink bug eggs in irrigated rice areas and the best strategy for its preservation is the use of selective pesticides. The aim of this study was to know the side-effects of pesticides used in Brazilian irrigated rice areas on egg parasitoid T. podisi.

Toxicity of Pesticide Tank Mixtures from Rice Crops Against Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae).

The use of insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides commonly occurs in mixtures in tanks in order to control phytosanitary problems in crops. However, there is no information regarding the effects of these mixtures on non-target organisms associated to the rice agroecosystem. The aim of this study was to know the toxicity of pesticide tank mixtures from rice crops against Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae).

Inhibition of Arabidopsis growth by the allelopathic compound azetidine-2-carboxylate is due to the low amino acid specificity of cytosolic prolyl-tRNA synthetase.

The toxicity of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (A2C), a structural analogue of L-proline, results from its incorporation into proteins due to misrecognition by prolyl-tRNA synthetase (ProRS). The growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedling roots is more sensitive to inhibition by A2C than is cotyledon growth. Arabidopsis contains two ProRS isozymes.

Aberrant gene expression in the Arabidopsis SULTR1;2 mutants suggests a possible regulatory role for this sulfate transporter in response to sulfur nutrient status.

Sulfur is required for the biosynthesis of cysteine, methionine and numerous other metabolites, and thus is critical for cellular metabolism and various growth and developmental processes. Plants are able to sense their physiological state with respect to sulfur availability, but the sensor remains to be identified. Here we report the isolation and characterization of two novel allelic mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana, sel1-15 and sel1-16, which show increased expression of a sulfur deficiency-activated gene β-glucosidase 28 (BGLU28).

[The assessment of risk for xylene exposure in a laboratory of anatomy: comparison between computational models and environmental and biological monitoring].

Exposure to xylene in a pathology laboratory was evaluated using two algorithms: Stoffenmanager and Archi.me.de.

[Air and biomonitoring of occupational exposure to anesthetic gases in the health care workers of a large hospital in Milan].

In this study exposure to anesthetic gases in health care workers of a hospital of Milan was investigated. The evaluation focused on the period 2007-2010 and was performed by environmental monitoring (20 operating rooms and 54 samples) and biological monitoring (180 workers and 242 urine samples). Mean airborne exposure was 3:15 and 0.

[The influence of early tracheostomy in the weaning of patients with severe traumatic brain injury].

Background And Objectives: Actually, It’s doubtful if early tracheostomy (ET) can influence mechanical ventilation (MV) weaning time or the hospital length of stay in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The main objective of this trial was to verify the influence of ET on weaning time of patients with severe TBI.

Methods: Prospective, observational study, including 33 patients with severe TBI (GCS < 10 at hospital admission), evaluated according to tracheostomy performance time (early: t < 6 days; intermediate: t = 7 to 11 days; and late: t > 12 days) and the weaning from MV.

Imaging of primary sclerosing cholangitis: preliminary results by two new non-invasive techniques.

Background: Magnetic resonance cholangiography is a new technique which has already gained a role in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Computerised tomographic cholangiography is another non-invasive technique which has been used in assessing abnormal biliary tree, but has never been applied to evaluating primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Aims: To evaluate the ability of both magnetic resonance cholangiography and computerised tomographic cholangiography to detect bile duct changes in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Soluble plasma thrombomodulin levels in patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorder.

The plasma levels of soluble thrombomodulin (TM) were measured in 44 patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorder, 15 with polycythemia vera (PV), 29 with essential thrombocythemia (ET), and a group of 62 matched healthy controls. The younger patients had significantly lower TM levels (mean: 15.6 +/- 4.

Differentiation of closely related but biologically distinct cherry isolates of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus by polymerase chain reaction.

Prunus necrotic ringspot ilarvirus (PNRSV) exists as a number of biologically distinct variants which differ in host specificity, serology, and pathology. Previous nucleotide sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of cloned reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) products of several biologically distinct sweet cherry isolates revealed correlations between symptom type and the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the 3a (putative movement protein) and 3b (coat protein) open reading frames. Based upon this analysis, RT-PCR assays have been developed that can identify isolates displaying different symptoms and serotypes.

Viral Satellite RNA Expression in Transgenic Tomato Confers Field Tolerance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus.

Field trials of transgenic tomato plants expressing an ameliorative satellite RNA of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were conducted to test the efficacy of satellite-transgenic technology to protect against CMV infection. Three transgenic tomato lines derived from two susceptible genotypes were evaluated over two growing seasons for viral symptoms and titers, satellite RNA expression, and fruit yield. Satellite-transgenic lines exhibited mild or no CMV symptoms and low viral titers relative to nontransformed plants.