New and Interesting Fungi. 4.

An order, family and genus are validated, seven new genera, 35 new species, two new combinations, two epitypes, two lectotypes, and 17 interesting new host and / or geographical records are introduced in this study. Validated order, family and genus: and (based on . New genera: (based on ); (based on ); (based on ); (based on ); (based on ); (based on ); (based on ).

Re-Evaluation of the Species Complex in Australia.

The species complex is highly variable morphologically and causes powdery mildew on a wide range of species, including stone fruit. A taxonomic revision of the species complex in 2020 identified 12 species, seven of which were newly characterised. In order to clarify which species of this complex are present in Australia, next generation sequencing was used to isolate the fungal ITS+28S and host chloroplast gene regions from 56 powdery mildew specimens of stone fruit and ornamental species accessioned as or sp.

() causing a severe canker disease of and other eucalypt species in Australia.

is described from a severe stem canker disease of cultivated 'Nana' (dwarf sugar gum) in Australia. The fungus is a pleomorphic ascomycete (), with pycnidial (pleurophoma-like) and hyphomycetous (phaeoacremonium-like) morphs, and differs in these respects and in ITS sequences from other spp. The fungus was also found associated with cankers on other species growing in native habitats, and was successfully inoculated under glasshouse conditions into a wide range of species on which it caused cankers of varying severity.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 400-468.

Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Australia: Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti, Mulderomyces natalis (incl. Mulderomyces gen. nov.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 371-399.

Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Australia: Neoseptorioides eucalypti gen. & sp. nov.

Genera of diaporthalean coelomycetes associated with leaf spots of tree hosts.

Four different genera of diaporthalean coelomycetous fungi associated with leaf spots of tree hosts are morphologically treated and phylogenetically compared based on the DNA sequence data of the large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA gene (LSU) and the internal transcribed spacers and 5.8S rRNA gene of the nrDNA operon. These include two new Australian genera, namely Auratiopycnidiella, proposed for a leaf spotting fungus occurring on Tristaniopsis laurina in New South Wales, and Disculoides, proposed for two species occurring on leaf spots of Eucalyptus leaves in Victoria.

Reassessing Vermisporium (Amphisphaeriaceae), a genus of foliar pathogens of eucalypts.

The genus Vermisporium presently accommodates 13 species, 11 of which are associated with leaf spots of eucalypts in the Southern Hemisphere. Vermisporium is chiefly distinguished from Seimatosporium (Amphisphaeriaceae) on the basis of a short exogenous basal appendage, and the absence of a recognisable apical appendage. Due to the increasing importance of these species in native forests, and confusion pertaining to their taxonomy, a revision of the genus was undertaken based on fresh collections and dried herbarium specimens.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 69-91.

Novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from Australia: Bagadiella victoriae and Bagadiella koalae on Eucalyptus spp., Catenulostroma eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus laevopinea, Cercospora eremochloae on Eremochloa bimaculata, Devriesia queenslandica on Scaevola taccada, Diaporthe musigena on Musa sp., Diaporthe acaciigena on Acacia retinodes, Leptoxyphium kurandae on Eucalyptus sp.

Neoerysiphe kerribeeensis sp. nov. (Ascomycota: Erysiphales), a new species of Neoerysiphe on native and introduced species of Senecio (Asteraceae) in Australia.

Anamorphic powdery mildew fungi on introduced taxa of Senecio and Pericallis × hybrida in Australia have previously been identified as Neoerysiphe cumminsiana on the basis of a combination of Euoidium-type conidiophores and lobed mycelial and germ tube appressoria. But, two specimens with chasmothecia on the indigenous Senecio glossanthus did not agree with published descriptions of N. cumminsiana.

Genetic variation within Podosphaera tridactyla reveals a paraphyletic species complex with biological specialization towards specific Prunus subgenera.

Podosphaera tridactyla (Ascomycota: Erysiphales) is a morphologically variable species occurring on Prunus s. lat. In order to assess the genetic variation within this species, the rDNA ITS region was amplified from 29 specimens from a range of Prunus species collected in Australia, Switzerland, and Korea.