The role of HBIG in real life for patients undergoing liver transplantation due to HDV-related cirrhosis.

Recommended post-liver transplant (LT) prophylaxis in patients with hepatitis delta includes a nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) and anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) indefinitely. We analysed the use of HBIG in real-life clinical practice and its impact on HBV/HDV recurrence in 174 HDV-related LT patients from 10 Spanish liver transplant centres (1988-2018). Median post-LT follow-up was 7.

Severity of neonatal influenza infection is driven by type I interferon and oxidative stress.

Neonates exhibit increased susceptibility to respiratory viral infections, attributed to inflammation at the developing pulmonary air-blood interface. IFN I are antiviral cytokines critical to control viral replication, but also promote inflammation. Previously, we established a neonatal murine influenza virus (IV) model, which demonstrates increased mortality.

Data on the techno-economic and financial analyses of hybrid renewable energy systems in 634 Philippine off-grid islands.

This data article contains the location, energy consumption, renewable energy potential, techno-economics, and profitability of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) in 634 Philippine off-grid islands. The HRES under consideration consists of solar photovoltaics, wind turbines, lithium-ion batteries, and diesel generators. The islands were identified from Google Maps™, Bing Maps™, and the study of Meschede and Ocon et al.

A 2-Step Strategy Combining FIB-4 With Transient Elastography and Ultrasound Predicted Liver Cancer After HCV Cure.

Introduction: Despite the direct-acting antiviral therapy has dramatically decreased the likelihood of having liver-related complications and extrahepatic outcomes, the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not totally eliminated after sustained virological response (SVR). We aimed to develop an easy-to-apply strategy to be adopted in clinical practice for accurately classifying the HCC risk in hepatitis C virus patients after SVR.

Methods: Prospective and multicenter study enrolling hepatitis C virus patients with advanced fibrosis (transient elastography [TE] > 10 kPa) or cirrhosis by ultrasound showing SVR.

Prediction of liver stiffness by serum indexes in HCV-infected patients with or without HIV coinfection.

Identification of advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients should be a mainstay before starting treatment; however, the limited access of many centres to transient elastography (TE) is often a barrier for early assessments. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of serum indexes for predicting liver stiffness.Retrospective analysis of HCV patients (with or without HIV coinfection) routinely assessed in 7 centres in Spain.

Nonkeratinizing Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Undifferentiated Type With Trisomy 2: A Case Report and Short Review of Cytogenetic and Molecular Literature.

Carcinoma originating from the surface epithelium of the nasopharynx is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and has 3 main types: keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (WHO type 1) and nonkeratinizing carcinoma, differentiated (WHO type II), and undifferentiated (WHO type III). Nonkeratinizing NPC is strongly associated with prior Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. These tumors may be divided into differentiated and undifferentiated carcinoma.

Prophylaxis and treatment in liver transplantation. VII Consensus Document of the Spanish Society of Liver Transplantation.

Whilst prophylaxis of hepatitis B is universally accepted after liver transplantation (LT), national recommendations for the prophylaxis and treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection after LT are lacking in Spain. The aim of the VII consensus meeting organised by the Spanish Society of Liver Transplantation (SETH) was to set recommendations on the prophylaxis and treatment of hepatitis B after LT. The scientific evidence and strength of recommendations was evaluated by using the "Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation" (GRADE) system.

Lung transcriptional unresponsiveness and loss of early influenza virus control in infected neonates is prevented by intranasal Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG.

Respiratory viral infections contribute substantially to global infant losses and disproportionately affect preterm neonates. Using our previously established neonatal murine model of influenza infection, we demonstrate that three-day old mice are exceptionally sensitive to influenza virus infection and exhibit high mortality and viral load. Intranasal pre- and post-treatment of neonatal mice with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), an immune modulator in respiratory viral infection of adult mice and human preterm neonates, considerably improves neonatal mice survival after influenza virus infection.

Prevalence of resistance associated substitutions and efficacy of baseline resistance-guided chronic hepatitis C treatment in Spain from the GEHEP-004 cohort.

Treatment guidelines differ in their recommendation to determine baseline resistance associated substitutions (RAS) before starting a first-line treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Here we analyze the efficacy of DAA treatment with baseline RAS information. We conducted a prospective study involving 23 centers collaborating in the GEHEP-004 DAA resistance cohort.

Effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir in patients with chronic hepatitis C previously treated with DAAs.

Background & Aims: Around 5% of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treated with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents do not achieve sustained virological response (SVR). The currently approved retreatment regimen for prior DAA failure is a combination of sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, and voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX), although there is little data on its use in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to analyse the effectiveness and safety of SOF/VEL/VOX in the real-world setting.

The simplification of the diagnosis process of chronic hepatitis C is cost-effective strategy.

Background: The cascade of care of the hepatitisC are complex. The diagnosis of active infection in the same serum sample would simplify the process establishing a rapid access for patients to treatment. Our objective was to estimate the impact on healthcare and economic outcomes of the diagnosis of chronic infection in one-step diagnosis compared to standard diagnosis in Andalusia (8.

Increasing importance of European lineages in seeding the hepatitis C virus subtype 1a epidemic in Spain.

BackgroundReducing the burden of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) requires large-scale deployment of intervention programmes, which can be informed by the dynamic pattern of HCV spread. In Spain, ongoing transmission of HCV is mostly fuelled by people who inject drugs (PWID) infected with subtype 1a (HCV1a).AimOur aim was to map how infections spread within and between populations, which could help formulate more effective intervention programmes to halt the HCV1a epidemic in Spain.

Effectiveness and safety of elbasvir/grazoprevir therapy in patients with chronic HCV infection: Results from the Spanish HEPA-C real-world cohort.

In randomized controlled trials of patients with chronic HCV infection, elbasvir/grazoprevir (EBR/GZR) demonstrated high cure rates and a good safety profile. This study assessed the effectiveness and safety of EBR/GZR, with and without ribavirin, in a real-world HCV patient cohort. HEPA-C is a collaborative, monitored national registry of HCV patients directed by the Spanish Association for the Study of the Liver and the Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Hepatic and Digestive Diseases.

Eight weeks of Paritaprevir/r/Ombitasvir + Dasabuvir in HCV genotype 1b with mild-moderate fibrosis: Results from a real-world cohort.

Background & Aims: The interferon-free regimen paritaprevir/ritonavir, ombitasvir + dasabuvir (PTV/r/OBV/DSV) has shown high efficacy in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b infection when administered for 8 or 12 weeks, but data regarding the 8-week treatment are scarce. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of the 8-week administration of PTV/r/OBV/DSV in a real-world cohort.

Methods: We performed a multicentre observational study from Spanish Hepa-C database including patients receiving 8 weeks of PTV/r/OBV/DSV (October 2016-November 2017).

Impact of Early Initiated Everolimus on the Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation.

Background: Many centers implement everolimus-based immunosuppression in liver transplant patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to explore the potential impact of early initiated everolimus on tumor recurrence after liver transplantation.

Methods: This study included 192 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver transplantation among who 64 individuals were prospectively enrolled (2012-2015) and received early initiated everolimus (ie, started between postoperative day 15 to 21), whereas the remaining 128 patients acted as historical controls without everolimus.

Treatment of an obstructive, recurrent, syncytial myoepithelioma of the trachea with tracheal resection and reconstruction.

Myoepithelioma is a rare occurrence in the trachea and respiratory tract with only 11 cases reported in the literature. We present a case report of a 10-year-old female who was found to have an anterior tracheal mass causing near total obstruction of the airway on bronchoscopy. Characteristics of the mass were consistent with syncytial myoepithelioma.

Impact of comorbidities on patient outcomes after interferon-free therapy-induced viral eradication in hepatitis C.

Background & Aims: Patients with advanced liver fibrosis remain at risk of cirrhosis-related outcomes and those with severe comorbidities may not benefit from hepatitis C (HCV) eradication. We aimed to collect data on all-cause mortality and relevant clinical events within the first two years of direct-acting antiviral therapy, whilst determining the prognostic capability of a comorbidity-based model.

Methods: This was a prospective non-interventional study, from the beginning of direct-acting antiviral therapy to the event of interest (mortality) or up to two years of follow-up, including 14 Spanish University Hospitals.

Tenofovir lamivudine plus adefovir in chronic hepatitis B: TENOSIMP-B study.

Aim: To demonstrate the non-inferiority (15% non-inferiority limit) of monotherapy with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) the combination of lamivudine (LAM) plus adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) in the maintenance of virologic response in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and prior failure with LAM.

Methods: This study was a Phase IV prospective, randomized, open, controlled study with 2 parallel groups (TDF and LAM+ADV) of adult patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative CHB, prior failure with LAM, on treatment with LAM+ADV for at least 6 mo, without prior resistance to ADV and with an undetectable viral load at the start of the study, in 14 Spanish hospitals. The follow-up time for each patient was 48 wk after randomization, with quarterly visits in which the viral load, biochemical and serological parameters, adverse effects, adherence to treatment and consumption of hospital resources were analysed.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome: which blood gas analysis criteria and position should we use for diagnosis?

Introduction: Different blood gas criteria have been used in the diagnosis of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS).

Patients And Methods: Arterial blood gases were prospectively evaluated in 194 cirrhotic candidates for liver transplantation (LT) in the supine and seated position. Three blood gas criteria were analyzed: classic (partial pressure of oxygen [PaO2] < 70 mmHg and/or alveolar-arterial gradient of oxygen [A-a PO2] ≥ 20 mmHg), modern (A-a PO2 ≥ 15 mmHg or ≥ 20 mmHg in patients over 64) and the A-a PO2 ≥ threshold value adjusted for age.