CDX-2 expression in pulmonary fine-needle aspiration specimens: a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma.

CDX-2 is a homeobox gene, which encodes a transcription factor that plays a vital role in the development and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells. Recent studies showed that CDX-2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) has a high predictive value for confirming the diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma (ACA). The differentiation of primary pulmonary ACA from metastatic colorectal ACA can be extremely challenging on fine-needle aspiration (FNA).

Effect of Bethesda 2001 on reporting of atypical squamous cells (ASC) with special emphasis on atypical squamous cells-cannot rule out high grade (ASC-H).

We compared the overall ASC rate and the outcomes for women with different categories of ASC before and after TBS 2001 to evaluate the impact of TBS 2001. Our laboratory reported ASC in four subcategories before TBS 2001; ASC, favor reactive (ASC-R), favor low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) (ASC-L), undetermined significance (ASC-US), and ASC-H. Since the implementation of TBS 2001, we have been reporting ASC as ASC-US and ASC-H.

Cytomorphology of benign breast disease.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy is a widely used technique for the initial diagnosis of mammary lesions. The majority of patients undergoing fine needle aspiration biopsy of a breast lesion will have a benign disease of the breast. This article provides a review of the cytomorphologic features in a variety of benign breast lesions,and discusses the commonly encountered differential diagnoses on aspiration biopsy.

Atypical repair on Pap smears: clinicopathologic correlates in 647 cases.

The Bethesda system separates atypical reparative changes (ARC) from "typical" repair and places it into the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) category. The cytologic diagnosis of ARC represents both diagnostic and management challenges because its clinical significance is controversial and has not been fully investigated. On the basis of scant literature on follow-up of women with ARC on Papanicolaou (Pap) test, we reviewed data from our patient population, which consists of a mixture of low- and high-risk women.

Metastases to the kidney: eleven cases diagnosed by aspiration biopsy with histological correlation.

Metastases to the kidney from extrarenal primary tumors are uncommon and may mimic renal-cell carcinoma clinically when presenting as a single mass with hematuria. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a useful diagnostic method for the evaluation of primary renal tumors. Only a few studies have investigated the value of cytological evaluation of secondary renal tumors.

Aspiration biopsy of nodular pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast: clinicopathologic correlates in 10 cases.

Nodular pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) of the breast is rare and often indistinguishable from fibroadenoma, clinically and on aspiration biopsy smears. We report our observations in 10 patients with PASH, evaluated by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy and core biopsy. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical, radiographic, cytologic, and histologic findings in 10 cases of pure nodular PASH.

Atypical papillary proliferation in gynecologic patients: a study of 32 pelvic washes.

Papillary clusters in gynecologic pelvic washes frequently cause diagnostic challenges because they can be associated with borderline or malignant ovarian tumors, as well as benign pelvic diseases. The objective of our study was to review all pelvic washes with atypical papillary proliferation (APP) and investigate whether cytomorphology and/or immunohistochemistry on cell block could determine their origin. Thirty-two pelvic washes from 31 patients containing APP were reviewed and correlated with their corresponding gynecologic or pelvic disease.

Cytological diagnosis of cystic brain tumors: a retrospective study of 88 cases.

The stereotaxic aspiration of cystic brain tumors is performed to provide cyst decompression and/or to facilitate surgical resection. The purpose of our study was to determine the diagnostic value of brain cyst fluid cytology, especially in clinically suspected recurrent tumors with no histological follow-up (HF), when a diagnosis is most needed. We reviewed the cytological diagnoses of 88 aspirates from 70 patients with cystic brain tumors between 1995 and 2001, of which 31 had a prior known malignancy including 18 primary brain tumors (PBTs) and 13 adenocarcinomas (ACAs).

Role of fine-needle aspiration cytology in breast lymphoma.

Lymphomas of the breast are rare and may mimic carcinoma clinically. We investigated the ability of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy combined with adjunctive flow cytometry (FC), immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM), and immunocytochemistry (ICH) to diagnose and eventually subclassify lymphomas of the breast according to the Revised European American Lymphoma/World Health Organization classification. We retrieved 21 breast aspirates from 19 patients with a cytologic diagnosis of lymphoma or plasmacytoma over a 10-year period (1992-2002), excluding 98 benign intramammary lymph nodes and 1 atypical lymphohistiocytic proliferation (Rosai Dorfman disease).

Pleomorphic liposarcoma of the uterus: case report and literature review.

A 62-year-old woman with a history of breast carcinoma being treated with tamoxifen presented with a rapidly enlarging pelvic mass. Imaging studies suggested a uterine leiomyoma with possible sarcomatous transformation. Laparotomy revealed a 15-cm, oval, well-circumscribed mass emanating from the posterior cervix and left uterosacral ligament.

Leiomyosarcoma of the breast: a difficult diagnosis on fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

Leiomyosarcoma of the breast is rarely encountered in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytologic material. We report a case of primary leiomyosarcoma of the breast in a 52-yr-old female. Aspiration cytology showed large, dissociated round to spindle cells with abundant vacuolated cytoplasm, pleomorphic nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and occasional intranuclear cytoplasmic invaginations.

Stellate-cell lipidosis in liver biopsy specimens. Recognition and significance.

Hepatic stellate-cell lipidosis due to hypervitaminosis A can lead to cirrhosis, which can be averted by restricting vitamin A intake. Other causes, including the use of synthetic retinoids, have been postulated. We studied the frequency and etiology of stellate-cell lipidosis in patients undergoing liver biopsy for reasons other than vitamin A abuse.

Aspiration cytology of cystic carcinoma of the breast.

Cystic carcinomas of the breast are rarely encountered in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies. The most common entities comprise intracystic papillary adenocarcinoma, ductal adenocarcinoma with cystic degeneration including comedo forms of ductal adenocarcinoma in situ, medullary carcinoma, squamous carcinoma, and cystic hypersecretory ductal adenocarcinoma. The cytologic diagnosis is often hampered by sparse cellularity, abundant obscuring blood, necrotic debris, and degenerative changes in diagnostic cells.

False-positive squamous cell carcinoma in cervical smears: cytologic-histologic correlation in 19 cases.

Cytologic features of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) can mimic those of invasive squamous-cell carcinoma. We compare and correlate the cytological findings of 19 false-positive squamous-cell carcinomas with follow-up cone biopsies or hysterectomy specimens to define which type of dysplasia is more prone to diagnostic errors on cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. Out of 128 patients diagnosed with invasive squamous-cell carcinoma from 1994-2000, 19 (14.

Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary in a premenarchal female.

Sclerosing stromal tumor (SST) is a rare benign ovarian neoplasm of stromal origin with less than 100 cases reported in the literature. Unlike the other stromal tumors, thecomas and fibromas, which tend to occur in the fifth and sixth decades, sclerosing stromal tumors predominantly affect females in the second and third decades. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound findings have been described, but have not been reported previously in the pediatric literature.

Rhabdoid epithelioid leiomyosarcoma of the uterine corpus: a case report and literature review.

A case of epithelioid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus with rhabdoid phenotype and early rhabdomyoblastic differentiation is described. A 72-year-old woman with a 5-week history of increased abdominal girth was found to have a large pelvic mass. The uterus revealed a large intramyometrial and left adnexal necrotic tumor that had spread to the small bowel mesentery and to the anterior abdominal peritoneum.

Significance of the cytologic diagnosis of endocervical glandular involvement in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.

The cytologic criteria for the diagnosis of endocervical gland involvement (EGI) by high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSILs) have been described, and this diagnosis occasionally is made. This study evaluates the accuracy of a cytologic diagnosis compared with that of follow-up cone biopsies. Twenty-eight patients with Papanicolaou (Pap) smear diagnoses of HGSILs with EGI, with follow-up cone biopsies, were identified from New York University computerized files.