Integrated molecular and pharmacological characterization of patient-derived xenografts from bladder and ureteral cancers identifies new potential therapies.

Background: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) are molecularly heterogeneous. Despite chemotherapies, immunotherapies, or anti-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) treatments, these tumors are still of a poor outcome. Our objective was to develop a bank of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) recapitulating the molecular heterogeneity of MIBC and UTUC, to facilitate the preclinical identification of therapies.

Available evidence on HIFU for focal treatment of prostate cancer: a systematic review.

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common oncologic disease among men. Radical treatment with curative intent provides good oncological results for PCa survivors, although definitive therapy is associated with significant number of serious side-effects. In modern-era of medicine tissue-sparing techniques, such as focal HIFU, have been proposed for PCa patients in order to provide cancer control equivalent to the standard-of-care procedures while reducing morbidities and complications.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Endoscopic Surgical Procedures in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Comparison Between Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate, GreenLight Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate, and Transurethral Resection of the Prostate.

The main objective of this multicentric retrospective pilot study was to evaluate the 1-year follow-up safety (i.e., minor [Clavien-Dindo I-II] and major [Clavien-Dindo ≥III] complications) of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), GreenLight photoselective vaporization of the prostate (GL PVP), and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) performed after kidney transplantation (KT).

Focal Treatment for Unilateral Prostate Cancer Using High-Intensity Focal Ultrasound: A Comprehensive Study of Pooled Data.

Background: Focal therapy for prostate cancer (PCa) remains experimental. Aim of the current study is to review available evidence and perform a pooled analysis exploring oncologic and functional results of high intensity focus ultrasound (HIFU) focal therapy for the treatment of unilateral PCa.

Methods: The National Library of Medicine Database was searched for relevant articles.

Which technology to select for primary focal treatment of prostate cancer?-European Section of Urotechnology (ESUT) position statement.

Background: With growing interest in focal therapy (FT) of prostate cancer (PCa) there is an increasing armamentarium of treatment modalities including high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), cryotherapy, focal laser ablation (FLA), irreversible electroporation (IRE), vascular targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP), focal brachytherapy (FBT) and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR). Currently there are no clear recommendations as to which of these technologies are appropriate for individual patient characteristics. Our intention was to review the literature for special aspects of the different technologies that might be of advantage depending on individual patient and tumour characteristics.

Subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy vs. percutaneous embolization in infertile men: Prospective comparison of reproductive and functional outcomes.

Background: Varicocele is a condition characterized by dilated, tortuous veins within the pampiniform venous plexus of the scrotal sac. Presence of varicocele is associated with an increased risk of alteration of semen parameters. The objective of this study was to compare the current standard in varicocele treatment procedures: sub-inguinal microscopic ligation to percutaneous embolization in terms of semen parameters improvement, fertility, and morbidity at the university hospital of Toulouse (France).

Predictive model of 1-year postoperative renal function after living donor nephrectomy.

Objective: Kidney transplantation from a living donor nephrectomy (LDN) is the best treatment for end-stage renal disease, but decrease in donor renal function is often revealed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between preoperative factors and postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and test a predictive model to estimate postoperative eGFR, 1 year after LDN.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed 226 records of consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy between 2006 and 2014 in a single tertiary center.

Focal High Intensity Focused Ultrasound of Unilateral Localized Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Multicentric Hemiablation Study of 111 Patients.

Background: Up to a third of patients with localized prostate cancer have unilateral disease that may be suitable for partial treatment with hemiablation.

Objective: To evaluate the ability of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to achieve local control of the tumor in patients with unilateral localized prostate cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The French Urological Association initiated a prospective IDEAL multi-institutional study (2009-2015), to evaluate HIFU-hemiablation as a primary treatment.

Intradetrusor injections of onabotulinum toxin A (Botox®) 300 U or 200 U versus abobotulinum toxin A (Dysport®) 750 U in the management of neurogenic detrusor overactivity: A case control study.

Aims: To compare the outcomes of the first intradetrusor injections of abobotulinum toxin 750 U and onabotulinum toxin 200 and 300 U in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO).

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted including 211 NDO patients treated in three consecutives eras with onabotulinum toxin 300 U (2004-2006; 80 patients), abobotulinum toxin 750 U (2007-2011; 78 patients) or onabotulinum toxin 200 U (2011-2014; 53 patients). Urodynamic and clinical parameters were compared between groups.

Assessment of a program to encourage the multidisciplinary management of urinary disorders in multiple sclerosis.

Aims: Urinary disorders (UD) secondary to multiple sclerosis (MS) are common and can be responsible for complications. Since 2004, we organized in our region their management through a neuro-urological activity and a care network that established and distributed an algorithm for screening and first line care. The objective was to assess the effects of this organization on the management of UD and its impact for patients.

Sphingosine Kinase 1 urothelial expression is increased in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity.

Unlabelled: To evaluate the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPK1) in the bladder wall in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction and its association with clinical, urodynamic and pathological features.

Materials And Methods: The expression of SPK1 was studied in bladder wall specimens obtained from cystectomy using immunohistochemistry in ten patients with spinal cord injury (n=8) or multiple sclerosis (n=2) with urodynamically proven neuropathic bladder dysfunction, and in controls (n=5). Inflammation and fibrosis were analysed with histological criteria and SPK1 expression was determined by individual immunohistochemical staining.

Laparoscopic nephrectomy for polycystic kidney: comparison of the transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing either transperitoneal (TP) or retroperitoneal (RP) laparoscopic nephrectomy for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).

Methods: All patients with ADPKD who underwent unilateral laparoscopic nephrectomy between 2000 and 2012 in two academic departments were retrospectively included. The perioperative parameters were compared between the TP and RP groups.

Failure of botulinum toxin injection for neurogenic detrusor overactivity: Switch of toxin versus second injection of the same toxin.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a second injection of the same toxin versus switching to a different botulinum toxin A after failure of a first detrusor injection in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity.

Methods: The charts of all patients who underwent detrusor injections of botulinum toxin A (either abobotulinumtoxinA or onabotulinumtoxinA) for the management of neurogenic detrusor overactivity at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Patients in whom a first detrusor injection had failed were included in the present study.

Efficacy and safety of the first and repeated intradetrusor injections of abobotulinum toxin A 750 U for treating neurological detrusor overactivity.

Purpose: To assess clinical and urodynamic efficacy of the first and repeated intradetrusor injections of abobotulinum toxin A (Dysport(®), Ipsen(®), France) in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) refractory to anticholinergic treatment.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted in 81 consecutive patients who had never received any botulinum toxin intradetrusor injections. They were treated with at least one 750 U intradetrusor injection of abobotulinum toxin A.

The Cumulated Stone Diameter: A Limited Tool for Stone Burden Estimation.

Objective: To compare the performance of the main methods used to estimate stone burden in order to improve and standardize preoperative evaluation of stone disease.

Methods: From January 2012 to June 2013, a series of consecutive retrograde intrarenal stone surgery was prospectively evaluated at a single institute. All patients had a pre- and postoperative CT scan.

Differences in practice patterns between urologists and radiation oncologists in the management of localized prostate cancer: a cross-sectional survey.

Introduction: Through a cross-sectional survey, we tried to assess whether practices of urologists and radiation oncologists are uniform when faced with similar clinical situations.

Materials And Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to all French urologists and radiation oncologists. Respondents were asked about their practices through 11 case scenarios.

Technical solutions to improve the management of non-muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma: summary of a European Association of Urology Section for Uro-Technology (ESUT) and Section for Uro-Oncology (ESOU) expert meeting and current and future perspectives.

The aim of the present review was to compare state-of-the-art care and future perspectives for the detection and treatment of non-muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. We provide a summary of the third expert meeting on 'Optimising the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, organized by the European Association of Urology Section for Uro-Technology (ESUT) in collaboration with the Section for Uro-Oncology (ESOU), including a systematic literature review. The article includes a detailed discussion on the current and future perspectives for TCC, including photodynamic diagnosis, optical coherence tomography, narrow band imaging, the Storz Professional Image Enhancement system, magnification and high definition techniques.

Preliminary results of botulinum toxin A switch after first detrusor injection failure as a treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity.

Aims: To assess the results of onabotulinum toxin detrusor injections when abobotulinum toxin detrusor injection failed.

Methods: Twenty-six patients, 15 women and 11 men, mean age 40.8 ± 12.

Development of a standardised training curriculum for robotic surgery: a consensus statement from an international multidisciplinary group of experts.

Objectives: To explore the views of experts about the development and validation of a robotic surgery training curriculum, and how this should be implemented.

Materials And Methods: An international expert panel was invited to a structured session for discussion. The study was of a mixed design, including qualitative and quantitative components based on focus group interviews during the European Association of Urology (EAU) Robotic Urology Section (ERUS) (2012), EAU (2013) and ERUS (2013) meetings.

Prostate cancer incidence on cystoprostatectomy specimens is directly linked to age: results from a multicentre study.

Objective: To assess the incidence and age-related histopathological characteristics of incidentally diagnosed prostate cancer from specimens obtained via radical cystoprostatectomy (RCP) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective review of the histopathological features of 2424 male patients who underwent a RCP for bladder cancer was done at eight centres between January 1996 and June 2012. No patient had preoperative suspicion of prostate cancer.

External validation of the Briganti nomogram to estimate the probability of specimen-confined disease in patients with high-risk prostate cancer.

Objective: To establish an external validation of the updated nomogram from Briganti et al., which provides estimates of the probability of specimen-confined disease using the variables age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), clinical stage and biopsy Gleason score in preoperatively defined high-risk prostate cancer (PCa).

Patients And Methods: The study included 523 patients with high-risk PCa, as defined by d'Amico classification, undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) and bilateral lymph node dissection in one of two academic centres between 1990 and 2013.