[Anxiety and depression in adolescents].

Anxiety and depression among young people had already increased in the years before the COVID-19 pandemic and then experienced a significant increase again during the pandemic. In this article the different clinical forms of expression of these emotional syndromes are presented in detail and the developmental paths of a combination of both disorders are also explained. Even subclinical forms of anxiety and depression already have clear clinical implications and impair the developmental tasks of adolescence.

Efficacy of HDAC Inhibitors in Driving Peroxisomal β-Oxidation and Immune Responses in Human Macrophages: Implications for Neuroinflammatory Disorders.

Elevated levels of saturated very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in cell membranes and secreted lipoparticles have been associated with neurotoxicity and, therefore, require tight regulation. Excessive VLCFAs are imported into peroxisomes for degradation by β-oxidation. Impaired VLCFA catabolism due to primary or secondary peroxisomal alterations is featured in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders such as X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Psychobiological Correlates of Aggression in Female Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder.

Introduction: Aggressive behavior in reaction to threats, frustration, or provocation is prevalent in borderline personality disorder (BPD). This study investigated aggressive behavior and its biological correlates in adolescents with BPD.

Methods: Twenty-one female adolescents with a DSM-IV BPD diagnosis and 25 sex- and age-matched healthy controls participated in the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP), a laboratory-based experiment measuring aggressive behavior in the interpersonal context.

Psychosocial Impact of Congenital Heart Diseases on Patients and Their Families: A Parent's Perspective.

Background: Currently, over 90% of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) survive into adulthood. As a consequence the psychosocial impact on children and their families has become an important outcome measure. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess the psychosocial impact from a parent's perspective and to identify possible predictors.

Excessive and pathological Internet use - Risk-behavior or psychopathology?

Pathological Internet use (but only with respect to gaming) is classified as mental disorder in the ICD-11. However, there is a large group of adolescents showing excessive Internet use, which may rather be considered adolescent risk-behavior. The aim was to test whether pathological and excessive Internet use should be considered as "psychopathology" or "risk-behavior".

Maternal bonding impairment predicts personality disorder features in adolescence: The moderating role of child temperament and sex.

Research has shown associations between adverse parenting experiences and (borderline) personality disorder ([B]PD). A biopsychosocial model suggests that child characteristics and the environment interact in the development of symptoms. However, prospective data in this aspect are limited.

Autonomic nervous system activity and dialectical behavioral therapy outcome in adolescent borderline personality pathology.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether pre-treatment cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, indexed by heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) predicts clinical outcome and therapy drop-outs in adolescents with borderline personality (BPD) pathology receiving dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT-A). We further tested for an association between changes in ANS function and clinical outcome over time. Traumatic experiences were considered as potential confounding factor.

Calendar age and puberty-related development of regional gray matter volume and white matter tracts during adolescence.

Background: Adolescence is a critical time for brain development. Findings from previous studies have been inconsistent, failing to distinguish the influence of pubertal status and aging on brain maturation. The current study sought to address these inconsistencies, addressing the trajectories of pubertal development and aging by longitudinally tracking structural brain development during adolescence.

Effects and moderators of the Olweus bullying prevention program (OBPP) in Germany.

Bullying is a common and significant risk factor for mental and physical health problems. The aim of the outlined study was to evaluate the German version of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program (OBPP) and to investigate potential moderators of its effectiveness. 23 schools started with the implementation and all students were invited to complete the Olweus Bullying Questionnaire annually.

[Indicated Stress Prevention for Adolescents in the Group Setting - A manual based on Acceptance- and Commitment-Therapy].

Stress in adolescence has become a topic of interest in recent years. Long-term exposure to stress can play a significant role in the development and maintenance of mental disorders. Previous studies have shown that especially the more severely stressed adolescents benefit from targeted interventions.

[The Association Between Illicit Drug Use, Borderline Personality Disorder and Depression in a Help-Seeking Sample of Adolescents].

Risk-taking behavior is a common phenomenon in adolescence. Even prevalence rates for illicit drug use are considerably high in youth and associated with a range of psychiatric disorders, especially depression and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, there is a lack of data investigating differences in psychopathology between different substance user groups.

Effects of acute transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on emotion recognition in adolescent depression.

Background: Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) is a promising therapeutic option for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. Alternative third-line treatments for MDD in adolescents are scarce. Here we aimed to assess the effects of acute tVNS on emotion recognition in adolescents with MDD.

Stress, mental and physical health and the costs of health care in German high school students.

Stress is a mind-body phenomenon, which affects both mental and physical health and is highly relevant to the health care system. Yet, knowledge on the costs of stress and related health problems in adolescence is missing. The present study addresses this gap by investigating direct health care costs in relation to stress, mental health problems and physical health in high school students.

Life Events Predicting the First Onset of Adolescent Direct Self-Injurious Behavior-A Prospective Multicenter Study.

Purpose: Self-injurious behavior is a frequent phenomenon in adolescence. The present study prospectively examined life events as risk factors for the first onset of direct self-injurious behavior (D-SIB) in the Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe school-based multicenter sample.

Methods: Longitudinal assessments with an interval of 1 year were performed within a sample of 1,933 adolescents (51.

Emotion dysregulation and resting-state autonomic function in adolescent borderline personality disorder-A multimodal assessment approach.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by persistent emotion dysregulation (ED), and ED is one of the core features of BPD. In recent years, research aimed to identify distinct patterns of ED characteristic of patients with BPD. These efforts comprised translational approaches, including psychophysiological measures.