Primary tubercular caecal perforation: a rare clinical entity.

Background: Intestinal tuberculosis is a common problem in endemic areas, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. An isolated primary caecal perforation of tubercular origin is exceptionally uncommon.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 39 year old male who presented with features of perforation peritonitis, which on laparotomy revealed a caecal perforation with a dusky appendix.

Estimation of BCL-2 protein in carcinoma of the breast and its clinical correlation in locally advanced breast cancer.

Unlabelled: The change in expression of apoptotic markers (Bcl-2 and Bax proteins) brought about by various chemotherapeutic regimens is being used for its predictive value for assessing response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC).

Aims: (1) Estimation of Bcl 2 expression in LABC, (2) Any change in Bcl 2 expression following chemotherapy in LABC, (3) Any relation of Bcl 2 estimation to changes in size of tumor, nodal status, age, and menopausal status.

Settings And Design: This was a prospective study of 120 cases of LABC.

Treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars using bleom.

Background: Numerous treatments have been attempted with unsatisfactory results using either single or combination modalities for treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars. The aim of our study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of bleomycin in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids.

Methods: This study included 50 patients with keloids and hypertrophic scars.