Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Lesion on the Ear from Kashan, Central Iran: A Case Report.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) frequently occurs in many rural and urban areas of Iran. and are principally two causative agents of CL in Iran. We report here a case of leishmaniasis of the ear in a 61-year-old man referred to the Reference laboratory, Kashan, central Iran, in Jan 2022.

Accurate laboratory diagnosis of human intestinal and extra-intestinal amoebiasis.

Accurate diagnosis of is important, as it is known as a causative agent for both invasive intestinal and extra-intestinal amoebiasis. Amoebiasis has a worldwide distribution, especially in developing countries, and it is responsible for up to 100,000 fatal cases annually. A number of diagnostic methods, including microscopy, culture, antigen detection, molecular based methods, and serological assays have been proposed to assist in diagnosing amoebiasis.

Giardia lamblia infection: review of current diagnostic strategies.

Giardiasis has a global distribution and it is a common cause of diarrhea in both children and adults and is transmitted via the fecal-oral route through direct or indirect ingestion of cysts. The laboratory diagnosis of Giardia spp. is mainly based on demonstration of microscopic cyst or trophozoite in stool samples but several immunological-based assays and molecular methods are also available for giardiasis diagnosis.

An Annotated Checklist of the Human and Animal Entamoeba (Amoebida: Endamoebidae) Species- A Review Article.

Background: The number of valid of pathogen and non-pathogen species of Entamoeba has continuously increased in human and animals. This review is performed to provide an update list and some summarized information on Entamoeba species, which were identified up to the 2014.

Methods: We evaluated the Entamoeba genus with a broad systematic review of the literature, books and electronic databases until February 2014.