Aging analyses of transformer oil based on optical properties of LIF spectroscopy.

Here, the real time pyrolysis characteristics, the degradation degree and the aging time of the transformer oil have been investigated using laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy. The signal elevation up to four-fold and the lucid red shift up to 10 nm are obtained against those of fresh oil. The fluorescence signal and the corresponding spectral shift are demonstrated to follow a linear correlation in terms of aging time.

Effective methane decomposition using spark discharge assisted laser-induced plasma: An approach based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

The widespread utilization of fossil fuels cause to significantly elevate greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, the developments of the innovative methods are essential to convert methane into the green energy. Recently, significant effort is made to enhance the performance of the plasma-based conversion technologies.

PC12 differentiation to neuron cells activated by a low-level laser at 660 nm on UV pre-treated CR-39 scaffolds with parallel microchannels.

The lack of regeneration of injured neurons in the central and peripheral neural system leads to the failure of damaged tissue repair in patients. While there is no definitive cure for most neurodegenerative diseases, new therapeutic methods that cause the proliferation and differentiation of neurons are of interest. Challenges such as the inability of neuronal cells to proliferate after injury, the lack of a stimulus for initial stimulation, and the presence of the microenvironment around CNS neurons contain several inhibitory factors that prevent neuron regeneration, thus, creating a structure similar to the extracellular matrix helps the cell proliferation in current treatment.

Non-equilibrium self-assembly for living matter-like properties.

The soft and wet machines of life emerged as the spatially enclosed ensemble of biomolecules with replicating capabilities integrated with metabolic reaction cycles that operate at far-from-equilibrium. A thorough step-by-step synthetic integration of these elements, namely metabolic and replicative properties all confined and operating far-from-equilibrium, can set the stage from which we can ask questions related to the construction of chemical-based evolving systems with living matter-like properties - a monumental endeavour of systems chemistry. The overarching concept of this Review maps the discoveries on this possible integration of reaction networks, self-reproduction and compartmentalization under non-equilibrium conditions.

Comparative Study between Paracervical Block and Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drug for Relief of Pain during Manual Vacuum Aspiration Procedure.

The incidence of first trimester pregnancy loss is around 10.0-20.0% of registered pregnancies.

Self-rated Health in Youth with Different Screen Time in Their Adolescence: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Background: The long-term effects of childhood screen time on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between screen time during adolescence and sex-specific HRQoL in early youth.

Methods: We studied the data from 642 adolescents aged 13-19 years, who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study from 2005 to 2011 (baseline) with complete data on HRQoL in their early adulthood (22-28 years at the last follow-up).

Signal enhancement in spark-assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for discrimination of glioblastoma and oligodendroglioma lesions.

Here, the discrimination of two types of lethal brain cancers, i.e., glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and oligodendroglioma (OG) are investigated under the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and the electrical spark-assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (SA-LIBS) in order to discriminate the human brain glioma lesions against the infiltrated tissues.

The association between leisure-time physical activity and blood pressure changes from adolescence to young adulthood: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

The effectiveness of long-term leisure time physical activity (LTPA) on blood pressure (BP) changes is still under debate. Since adolescence lifestyle behaviors shape the adulthood health profile, this study aimed to investigate the sex-specific impact of LTPA on BP changes from adolescence to young adulthood. This longitudinal study uses the data of 1412 adolescents (52% females) aged 12-18 years through a median follow-up of 12.

Temporal Self-Regulation of Mechanical Properties via Catalytic Amyloid Polymers of a Short Peptide.

We report a short peptide that accessed dynamic catalytic polymers to demonstrate four-stage (sol-gel-weak gel-strong gel) temporal self-regulation of its mechanical properties. The peptide exploited its intrinsic catalytic capabilities of manipulating C-C bonds (retro-aldolase-like) that resulted in a nonlinear variation in the catalytic rate. The seven-residue sequence exploited two lysines for binding and cleaving the thermodynamically activated substrate that subsequently led to the self-regulation of the mechanical strengths of the polymerized states as a function of time and reaction progress.

Assessment of asphaltene and resin fractions in crude oil using laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy based on modified Beer-Lambert (LIFS-MBL).

Crude oil is one of the most significant petrogenic sources of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs). These substances play an essential role in the pollution of the marine environment. Therefore, the rapid identification of this pollutant source and its fractions is vital.

Evaluation of photobiomodulation effect on cesarean-sectioned wound healing: a clinical study.

The effects of low-level laser on the wound healing and burn injuries have been previously examined to demonstrate some satisfactory results. Despite there are a few articles available to study photobiomodulation (PBM) effects on the pain relief of cesarean sectioned wound, however no systematic examination has been carried out so far regarding its healing. Here, the aim of this clinical study was to evaluate PBM effect on the cesarean-sectioned wound healing.

Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of plant-based drugs: Opium and hashish provoking at 405 nm.

Here, the fluorescence properties of some plant-based drug samples are characterized using a coherent excitation source at 405 nm. The laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy is examined to analyze opium and hashish. In order to improve traditional fluorescence methods for better analysis of optically dense materials, we have proposed five characteristic parameters based on solvent densitometry assay as the fingerprints of drugs of interest.

A 10-Year Cardiovascular Risk in Adults with Different Levels of Spiritual Health: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that spiritual experience may reduce cardiovascular disease (CVDs). However, little is known about the relationship between spiritual health and the gender-specific risk of CVDs in communities with different cultures.

Methods: A total of 3249 individuals (53.

Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy of Pd nanoparticles decorated on multi-walled carbon nanotubes during successive cycles of He/H exposure.

The MWCNTs are decorated by Pd nanoparticles various techniques including laser ablation in liquid, chemical reduction, and simultaneously both of them. To study the hydrogen adsorption mechanism, Pd K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is carried out heating/cooling processes under He/H exposure. The Fourier transform X-ray absorption fine structure (FT-EXAFS) simulation indicates the presence of the Pd-Pd and Pd-C(O) bonds.

Discrimination of normal and cancerous human skin tissues based on laser-induced spectral shift fluorescence microscopy.

A homemade spectral shift fluorescence microscope (SSFM) is coupled with a spectrometer to record the spectral images of specimens based on the emission wavelength. Here a reliable diagnosis of neoplasia is achieved according to the spectral fluorescence properties of ex-vivo skin tissues after rhodamine6G (Rd6G) staining. It is shown that certain spectral shifts occur for nonmelanoma/melanoma lesions against normal/benign nevus, leading to spectral micrographs.

Effectiveness of a practical multi-setting lifestyle intervention on the main BMI trajectories from childhood to young adulthood: A community-based trial.

Background: Preventing overweight in childhood and subsequent stages of life is still a global challenge. Despite numerous relevant lifestyle interventions, data on their impact on different BMI change pathways over time is rare. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a multi-setting lifestyle intervention on BMI trajectories from childhood to young adulthood.

Hybrid laser activated phycocyanin/capecitabine treatment of cancerous MCF7 cells.

Laser-induced fluorescence is recently used as an efficient technique in cancer diagnosis and non-invasive treatment. Here, the synergic therapeutical efficacies of the Capecitabine (CAP) chemodrug, photosensitive Phycocyanin (PC) and graphene oxide (GO) under laser irradiation were investigated. The therapeutical efficacies of diverse concentrations of CAP (0.

A pragmatic multi-setting lifestyle intervention to improve leisure-time physical activity from adolescence to young adulthood: the vital role of sex and intervention onset time.

Background: The long-term effectiveness of healthy lifestyle interventions on improving leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in adolescents and its factors in low- and middle-income communities is unclear. This study is the first to investigate LTPA trends in a population of Iranian adolescents who underwent a multi-setting lifestyle intervention, considering sex and the time of intervention onset.

Methods: Participants were 2374 adolescents (57.

Optical characterization of the liver tissue affected by fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma based on internal filters of laser-induced fluorescence.

Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy has recently gained regards for diagnosis of the cancer in various tissues of the human body. This method in its conventional form, when used for assay of highly scattering media, encounters a lot of noise due to multiple scattering and inner filter effects which overshadows the sensitivity and specificity of the method. Here, angular dependence of the LIF spectral shift due to the reabsorption events have been investigated for characterization of the bio-tissues.

Spectroscopic Characteristics of Xeloda Chemodrug.

Spectroscopic properties of Xeloda chemodrug have been studied over varying concentrations ranging between 0.001 and 10 mg/mL, using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy. The alternative photoluminescence (PL) and near infrared (NIR) measurements are carried out to authenticate the obtained results by the LIF method.

Maternal Emotional States in Relation to Offspring Weight and Health-Related Quality of Life: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Background: Maternal characteristics have been known to be associated with parenting practices, which could eventually influence their child's weight and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the direct and indirect associations of maternal emotional states (depression, anxiety, and stress) with body mass index (BMI) and HRQoL in their children.

Methods: This study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS).

In Vitro Evaluation of DSPE-PEG (5000) Amine SWCNT Toxicity and Efficacy as a Novel Nanovector Candidate in Photothermal Therapy by Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

Nowadays, finding a novel, effective, biocompatible, and minimally invasive cancer treatment is of great importance. One of the most promising research fields is the development of biocompatible photothermal nanocarriers. PTT (photothermal therapy) with an NIR (near-infrared) wavelength range (700-2000 nm) would cause cell death by increasing intercellular and intracellular temperature.

Developmental trajectories of body mass index since childhood and health-related quality of life in young adulthood: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Purpose: The association between long-term BMI changes since childhood and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adulthood is still unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between identified BMI trajectories and HRQoL.

Methods: A population-based cohort of 1938 eligible children (3-18 years) and their parents have been repeatedly followed up for 18 years.

Gold fineness measurement using single-shot spark assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

Here, a homemade gold fineness analyzer is fabricated based on calibration-free spark assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF SA-LIBS). The experimental arrangement consists of a -switched Nd:YAG laser combined with a spark generator and a single-channel CCD spectrometer. The well-arranged optical system, coupled with an electrical setup, allows us to successfully run SA-LIBS even at low energy single shots.

Fluorescence emission quenching of RdB fluorophores in attendance of various blood type RBCs based on Stern-Volmer formalism.

In this work, the optical properties of Rhodamine B (RdB) are investigated in the attendance of various red blood cells (RBCs). RdB fluorophores, as biological markers, is excited using SHG-CW Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm. In fact, the addition of biomolecules of interest to the reference fluorophore notably changes the fluorescence properties of the suspension.