Impact of suspected adverse drug reactions on mortality and length of hospital stay in the hospitalised patients: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To estimate the risk of mortality and length of stay in hospitalised patients who have experienced suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) as compared to patients who did not experience suspected ADRs.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on databases for observational and randomised controlled studies conducted in any inpatient setting that reported deaths and/or length of hospital stay in patients who had suspected ADRs and did not have suspected ADRs during hospitalisation. PRISMA guidelines were strictly followed during the review.

Drug-related deaths among inpatients: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of drug-related deaths with regard to total hospital mortality and to explore the heterogeneity in its estimation through subgroup analysis, univariate and multivariate analysis.

Methods: Two investigators independently searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases with appropriate key terms to identify observational and randomised studies assessing drug-related problems. The prevalence of drug-related deaths was estimated using a double arcsine method.

Efficacy and safety of lopinavir-ritonavir in COVID-19: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Lopinavir-ritonavir is a repurposed drug for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). In this study, a pooled effect of lopinavir-ritonavir on mortality, virological cure, radiological improvement and safety profile in COVID-19 patients has been evaluated.

Methods: The databases were searched for comparative randomized controlled studies evaluating the efficacy and/or safety of lopinavir-ritonavir in COVID-19 patients.

Comparison of effectiveness of interventions in reducing mortality in patients of toxic epidermal necrolysis: A network meta-analysis.

Background: Limited evidence is available about effectiveness and choice of immunomodulating treatment modalities for toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN).

Aims: To compare the effectiveness of interventions to reduce mortality in patients of toxic epidermal necrolysis through network meta-analysis.

Methods: Studies were retrieved using PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to September 18, 2018.

Does Adding of Hydroxychloroquine to the Standard Care Provide any Benefit in Reducing the Mortality among COVID-19 Patients?: a Systematic Review.

Hydroxychloroquine has been promoted for its use in treatment of COVID-19 patients based on in-vitro evidences. We searched the databases to include randomized and observational studies evaluating the effect of Hydroxychloroquine on mortality in COVID-19 patients. The outcome was summarized as odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Mortality among patients due to adverse drug reactions that occur following hospitalisation: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of mortality among patients that develop adverse drug reactions during hospitalisation (ADR), to examine heterogeneity through subgroup analysis and to identify system-organ class (SOC) and their causative drugs.

Methods: Two investigators searched PubMed, Google Scholar and related bibliography for studies reporting ADR-related mortality data. The primary outcome was to compute overall prevalence of fatal ADR (95% CI) using double arcsine method.

Mortality among patients due to adverse drug reactions that lead to hospitalization: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of mortality among patients due to adverse drug reactions that lead to hospitalisation (fatal ADR), to explore the heterogeneity in its estimation through subgroup analysis of study characteristics, and to identify system-organ classes involved and causative drugs for fatal ADR.

Methods: We identified prospective ADR-related studies via screening of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases with appropriate key terms. We estimated the prevalence of fatal ADR using a double arcsine method and explored heterogeneity using the following study characteristics: age groups, wards, study region, ADR definitions, ADR identification methods, study duration and sample size.

Prevalence and pattern of antipsychotic induced movement disorders in a tertiary care teaching hospital in India - a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To assess prevalence and pattern of movement disorders among patients taking antipsychotic medications.

Methods: This cross-sectional, intensive monitoring (patient interview, case record form review and clinical examination) study was conducted in patients taking antipsychotic drugs irrespective of duration for the development of movement disorders. The psychiatrist used Modified Simpson-Angus Scale score (10-item scale), Barnes' rating scale and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale to diagnose parkinsonism, akathisia and tardive dyskinesia, respectively.

Adverse drug reactions reporting by undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital of India: Content and quality analysis in comparison to physician reporting.

Background: An important challenge to spontaneous reporting system is underreporting. The sensitization and involvement of undergraduate medical students can reduce underreporting in pharmacovigilance program.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and reporting quality of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by undergraduate medical students in comparison with physicians' reporting.

Efficacy and safety of aceclofenac in osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To analyze the effects on pain, function, and safety of aceclofenac compared with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or pain relief medications in patients with osteoarthritis.

Material And Methods: Two investigators independently searched the database. We included randomized controlled trials evaluating efficacy and/or safety of aceclofenac compared with control interventions (NSAIDs or acetaminophen) in patients with osteoarthritis.

Hospitalizations due to preventable adverse reactions-a systematic review.

Purpose: The study aimed to measure the percentage of preventable adverse drug reactions that lead to the hospitalization (PADR) and to explore the heterogeneity in its estimation through subgroup analysis of study characteristics.

Methods: Two investigators independently searched in electronic databases and related bibliography for prospective studies involving PADR. We excluded studies investigating medication errors and spontaneous and retrospective reporting.

Incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions in Indian Hospitals: A Systematic Review of Prospective Studies.

This systematic review estimated the incidence of ADRs that lead to hospitalization (ADRAd) and that developed during hospitalization (ADRIn) and factors affecting in Indian population. Two independent investigators searched the electronic databases describing ADRs. Due to high heterogeneity, incidence of ADRAd and ADRIn were presented as median (interquartile range-IQR).

Adverse drug reactions in a psychiatric department of tertiary care teaching hospital in India: Analysis of spontaneously reported cases.

The epidemiological data are limited for the spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting system in psychiatry and its comparison with intensive monitoring studies in terms of causative drugs, seriousness, preventability and drug interactions. This spontaneous ADR reporting study was carried out over a period of three years in the psychiatry department. We adopted WHO definition for an ADR, Naranjo's algorithm for causality, WHO-ADR terminology for the labeling of involved organ-system, International conference on harmonisation (ICH) E2A guidelines for seriousness, modified Schumock and Thornton's criteria for preventability and Medscape drug interaction checker for drug interactions.

Efficacy and safety of lornoxicam vs ibuprofen in primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized, double-blind, double dummy, active-controlled, cross over study.

Objectives: Study was planned to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lornoxicam in moderate to severe menstrual pain due to primary dysmenorrhea.

Study Design: This doubled blind, double dummy, randomized, comparable study of lornoxicam versus ibuprofen was conducted at Sir Takhtsinghji General Hospital, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. Total 57 primary dysmenorrhea participants having mean age±standard deviation (SD) of 19.

Drug-induced anaphylactic reactions in Indian population: A systematic review.

Background: Epidemiological data on drug-induced anaphylactic reactions are limited in India and are largely depending on studies from developed countries.

Aim: The aim was to analyze the published studies of drug-induced anaphylaxis reported from India in relation with causative drugs and other clinical characteristics.

Materials And Methods: The electronic databases were searched for Indian publications from 1998 to 2013 describing anaphylactic reactions.

Montmorillonite Poly-L-Lactide Microcomposites of Procainamide for controlled drug delivery: In vitro and In vivo evaluation.

The research work reported in this paper is extension of our previous findings related to intercalation of procainamide hydrochloride, an antiarrythmia drug in interlayer gallery of Na(+)-clay (montmorillonite). The microcomposite particles prepared from procainamide-montmorillonite hybrid and poly L-lactide were characterised by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy analysis. In vitro drug release study in simulated intestinal fluid showed controlled release pattern up to ~72 h and significant reduction in the drug release in gastric environment.

Antitubercular effect of 8-[(4-Chloro phenyl) sulfonyl]-7-Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2H-chromen-2-One in guinea pigs.

Objective: TO EVALUATE THE ANTITUBERCULAR EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF NEW CHEMICAL ENTITY (NCE): 8-[(4-Chloro phenyl) sulfonyl]-7-Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2H-chromen-2-One (CSHMC) in guinea pigs.

Materials And Methods: This pilot study was carried out in guinea pigs. They were infected with M.

Protective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Bemth. in Paracetamol-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats.

The aim of the present study was to explore the hepatoprotective activity of the ethanol extract of leaves of Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Bemth. (Family: Celastraceous) against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats was induced by a single intraperitoneal dose of 500 mg/kg of paracetamol and studied by comparing parameters such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and histopathological examination of liver.

Effect of pantoprazole and its interactions with vecuronium on the neuromuscular junction.

Objective: To study the effect of pantoprazole on neuromuscular transmission and its interactions with vecuronium at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ).

Materials And Methods: Effect of pantoprazole on neuromuscular transmission (2 muM - 16 mM) and reversal of neuromuscular blockade by pantoprazole and vecuronium with neostigmine (3.3 muM), 3,4-diaminopyridine (0.