Quetiapine Excretion Into Human Breast Milk.

Background: Risk assessment of the use of quetiapine during breastfeeding is challenging owing to a paucity of data.

Methods: A pharmacokinetic study was conducted in lactating women who were taking quetiapine. The primary endpoint was to determine quetiapine concentration profiles in milk and estimated infant exposure levels.

Probiotics for infantile colic: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 for the treatment of infantile colic in breastfed Canadian infants, compared with placebo.

Study Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted involving 52 infants with colic, according to modified Wessel criteria, who were assigned at random to receive L reuteri DSM 17938 (10(8) colony-forming units) (n = 24) or placebo (n = 28) for 21 days. Daily crying and fussing times were recorded in a structured diary, and maternal questionnaires were completed to monitor changes in infant colic symptoms and adverse events.

Relative bioequivalence of amoxicillin dissolved in breast milk.

Background: Oral antibiotics use in infants in developing countries is challenging because liquid formulations are often unavailable. However, dissolving solid formulation of drugs in water poses a risk of gastrointestinal infection. Although mother's milk may be a potential vehicle, no evidence exists to indicate that antibiotics dissolved in human milk are bioequivalent to those dissolved in water.

Pregnancy outcomes following maternal exposure to second-generation antipsychotics given with other psychotropic drugs: a cohort study.

Objectives: Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), in conjunction with other psychotropic medications, are increasingly used to treat psychiatric disorders in pregnancy. The few available studies investigating the reproductive safety of SGAs did not reach conclusive results, and none have compared monotherapy with polytherapy involving other psychotropic medications.

Design: Descriptive cohort study using a prospectively collected database.

The interactions of age, genetics, and disease severity on tacrolimus dosing requirements after pediatric kidney and liver transplantation.

Purpose: In children, data on the combined impact of age, genotype, and disease severity on tacrolimus (TAC) disposition are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of these covariates on tacrolimus dose requirements in the immediate post-transplant period in pediatric kidney and liver recipients.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected describing tacrolimus disposition, age, CYP3A5 and ABCB1 genotype, and pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) scores for up to 14 days post-transplant in children receiving liver and renal transplants.

Toward improved pregnancy labelling.

Information about the use of a medication in pregnancy is part of overall drug labelling as prepared by the pharmaceutical company and approved by the regulators. It is aimed at assisting clinicians in prescribing, however, very few drugs are labelled for specific indications in pregnancy, since there is rarely information about the use of a drug in this condition. Recently the FDA has drafted new guidelines for the labeling of drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding, to replace the A,B,C,D,X system that was used for more than 30 years.