Normal very long-chain fatty acids level in a patient with peroxisome biogenesis disorders: a case report.

Background: Zellweger spectrum disorders (ZSDs) are a group of peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) with different variants in the PEX genes. The main biochemical marker for screening peroxisomal disorders is very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). The study reveals a rare case of PBD in the Zellweger spectrum in which she had normal plasma VLCFA levels.

The association between vertebral artery hypoplasia and fetal-type variants of the posterior cerebral artery with imaging findings among patients with posterior circulation stroke: A single-center cross-sectional study.

Background And Aim: The present study investigated the correlation between vertebral artery hypoplasia and fetal-type variations of posterior cerebral arteries with stroke patterns and imaging findings in individuals with posterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with symptoms of acute ischemic stroke in the posterior circulation system referred to Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad between 2016 and 2022 were investigated. Demographic data, including age, gender, systemic diseases, history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attacks, and clinical manifestations of patients, were recorded using questionnaires and checklists from patient files.

Central nervous system reactivation of herpesviridae family in patients with COVID-19.

The objective of this study is to describe our COVID-19 patients with herpesviridae reactivation in the central nervous system (CNS). Four patients were described including two with acute encephalitis and two with acute encephalomyelitis. Three of four patients had abnormal findings on neuroimaging studies.

Evaluating the diagnostic value of multi-detector brain CT angiography in diagnosing acute cerebral venous thrombosis.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare type of venous thromboembolism mostly affecting young adults. Despite improved imaging studies, the diagnosis is usually delayed by several days. An average diagnostic delay of seven days from the onset of symptoms is still reported for this condition, and it is crucial for radiologists to detect this potentially lethal condition in routine imaging studies.

Automated Lung Segmentation from Computed Tomography Images of Normal and COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients.

Background: Automated image segmentation is an essential step in quantitative image analysis. This study assesses the performance of a deep learning-based model for lung segmentation from computed tomography (CT) images of normal and COVID-19 patients.

Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was conducted from December 2020 to April 2021 on the CT images of patients from various educational hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Mashhad, Iran).

Brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with Parkinson's disease.

The accuracy of current laboratory and imaging studies for diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson's disease (PD) severity is low and diagnosis is mainly dependent on clinical examination. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive technique that can assess the chemical profile of the brain. In this study, we evaluated the utility of proton MRS in diagnosis of PD and determination of its severity.

A perforated sigmoid colon cancer initially diagnosed as a tubo-ovarian abscess: A teaching case.

Given the wide range of differential diagnoses for adnexal masses, the key issue is the correct assessment of the initial location to rule out malignant or emergency cases. Here, we report a case of perforated sigmoid colon cancer initially diagnosed as a tubo-ovarian abscess.

Observation Variation in Ultrasonography Assessment of Thyroid Nodules.

Objectives: Accurate detection and competent management of thyroid nodules, as a common disease, basically depends on the reliability of the ultrasonography (US) report. In this research, we evaluated inter and intra-observer variation among ultrasonography reporters, based on ACR-TIRADS.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 345 thyroid US images of 150 patients were reviewed.

Extensive bilateral diffuse infiltrates and deterioration of lung following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in a pregnant woman: a case report.

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the third member of the coronavirus family to cause global concern in the twenty-first century. Pregnant women are particularly at higher risk of developing severe viral pneumonia, possibly because of a partial immune suppression during their pregnancy. Under such critical and rapidly evolving circumstances, these poor findings might be helpful for the treatment of infected pregnant women with the 2019 novel coronavirus.

Cardiac MR images of thalassemia major patients with myocardial iron overload: a data note.

Objective: Patients with thalassemia major (TM) have the highest mortality rate due to heart failure induced by myocardial iron overload. However, T2* weighted MR imaging is currently a gold standard approach for measuring iron overload. Examining ventricular volumes with magnetic resonance imaging (MR imaging) and measuring myocardial iron overload in TM patients allows for an early prediction of heart failure.

Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients Infected with 2019 Novel Coronavirus.

Introduction: The current study aimed at investigating the occurrence and features of olfactory dysfunction in patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.

Materials And Methods: Patients with laboratory and clinically confirmed COVID-19 infection were enrolled in this longitudinal study. They were managed in either the inpatient or outpatient setting.

Neonates with coronavirus disease 2019 acquired from infected mothers: the incompatibility of maternal intensity and infant lung involvement: two case reports.

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization on January 30, 2020. The results of recent studies have suggested that neonates may present symptoms of COVID-19. Although the presentation of the disease in neonates is known to vary, only a limited number of studies have investigated newborns infected with COVID-19.

COVID19-CT-dataset: an open-access chest CT image repository of 1000+ patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis.

Objectives: The ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drastically impacted the global health and economy. Computed tomography (CT) is the prime imaging modality for diagnosis of lung infections in COVID-19 patients. Data-driven and Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered solutions for automatic processing of CT images predominantly rely on large-scale, heterogeneous datasets.

Increased age, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and white blood cells count are associated with higher COVID-19 mortality.

Objective: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) caused by the highly pathogenic SARS-CoV-2, was first reported from Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The present study assessed possible associations between one-month mortality and demographic data, SpO, underlying diseases and laboratory findings, in COVID-19 patients. Also, since recent studies on COVID-19, have focused on Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an independent risk factor of the in-hospital death and a significant prognostic biomarker of outcomes in critically ill patients, in this study, we assessed predictive potential of this factor in terms of one-month mortality.

"Comparison of thyroid volume, TSH, free t4 and the prevalence of thyroid nodules in obese and non-obese subjects and correlation of these parameters with insulin resistance status".

Background: To compare thyroid volume, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free t4 and the prevalence of thyroid nodules between obese and non-obese subjects. Also, the association between BMI and insulin resistance status with various parameters of thyroid gland was evaluated.

Methods: Fifty-two patients with obesity and 38 volunteers aged 20-50 years with normal body mass index (BMI), were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.

Cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for essential tremor: A double-blind, sham-controlled, crossover, add-on clinical trial.

Background: There is controversial evidence about the effect of cerebellar low-frequency stimulation in patients with essential tremor (ET).

Objectives: In this study we assessed safety and effectiveness of 1 Hz (low-frequency) cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on tremor severity in patients with essential tremor in a sham-controlled crossover trial.

Methods: A total of 23 patients assigned into two groups to receive either sham (n = 10) or rTMS (n = 13) treatment, with crossing over after a two-month washout period.

Efficacy of a Persian Herbal Remedy and Electroacupuncture on Metabolic Profiles and Anthropometric Parameters in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The most prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficaciousness of a Persian herbal remedy, as well as electroacupuncture and the combination of them on metabolic profiles and anthropometric parameters in these patients.

Materials And Methods: Eighty overweight women with PCOS were randomly divided into four groups.

Diffusion Weighted Imaging in Acute Attacks of Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system. In spite of various imaging modalities, the definitive diagnosis of MS remains challenging.

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of acute MS attack and to compare its results with contrast enhanced MRI (CE-MRI).

One-year case fatality rate following stroke in the Mashhad Stroke Incidence Study: a population-based study of stroke in Iran.

Background: In developing countries, there are few comprehensive studies of mortality following stroke.

Aims And/or Hypothesis: We aimed to determine the one-year case fatality rate following stroke and to identify factors associated with death in a population-based stroke incidence study in Iran.

Methods: Six hundred eighty-four patients who had suffered a stroke between November 21, 2006, and November 20, 2007, and were recruited to the Mashhad Stroke Incidence Study were followed up at one-year.

Hysterosalpingographic findings in women with genital tuberculosis.

Background: Genital tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of infertility in the developing countries, where hysterosalpingography (HSG) remains an initial diagnostic procedure in the evaluation of tubal and peritoneal factors leading to infertility.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the HSG findings of genital TB in infertile women.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed HSG findings in 20 women with genital tuberculosis.

Primary Osteosarcoma of the Sternum: A case Report and Review of the Literature.

Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma: OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor of long bones, whereas primary osteosarcoma of chest wall, especially in sternum, is extremely rare. We report a 57-year-old man with an immobile slow growing mass located in the middle of the sternum. The patient had no significant pain or tenderness and the past medical history was not remarkable.

Gaps and hurdles deter against following stroke guidelines for thrombolytic therapy in Iran: exploring the problem.

Background: Insufficient information is available on the barriers that explain low rates of thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in developing countries compared with rates in developed societies. By the present study, we aimed to assess the implementation of thrombolytic therapy in the northeast of Iran to explore the gaps and hurdles against thrombolysis as the generally accepted treatment for AIS.

Methods: In a 1-year cohort study among AIS patients admitted to the second largest tertiary neurologic referral center in Iran, those who met the prespecified selection criteria were treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA).

Can HTLV-1 infection be a potential risk factor for atherosclerosis?

Introduction: Chronic inflammations including infectious disorders such as HIV infection are now considered as risk factors for atherosclerosis. In this study, conducted for the first time on human subjects, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection was examined as a potential risk factor for atherosclerosis.

Materials And Methods: This is a matched-pair cross-sectional study on 58 HTLV-1-infected cases and 55 healthy control subjects.

The effects of Mozart's music on interictal activity in epileptic patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.

Mozart's music has been shown to have promising effects on nervous system functions. In this study, the effects of Mozart's work on epilepsy were reviewed. Articles were obtained from a variety of sources.