Exogenous application of serotonin, with the modulation of redox homeostasis and photosynthetic characteristics, enhances the drought resistance of the saffron plant.

Water stress is one of the most significant abiotic stresses that disrupts the osmotic balance of plants and consequently reduces their growth and performance. In recent years, it has been found that serotonin, as a signaling and regulatory molecule, can play important roles in the growth and development of plants and enhance their tolerance to abiotic stresses. Saffron is a plant known for its medicinal and culinary properties.

L: An updated review of phytochemicals and biological activities.

Objective: Medicinal plants and their components are potential novel sources for developing drugs against various diseases. L. (syn L.