Current Trends Featuring the Bridge Between Stroke and End-Stage Renal Disease: A Review.

The relationship between end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and cerebral stroke is graded and cumulative, having a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. Ischemic stroke is more prevalent than hemorrhagic stroke and both stroke types have modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. The presence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation (AF) before stroke occurrence in dialysis patients has a significant impact on the outcomes such as a discharge to rehabilitation, in-hospital mortality with the worst prognosis when compared to the general population.

A Review of the Impact of Smoking on Inhaled Insulin: Would You Stop Smoking if Insulin Can Be Inhaled?

High prevalence of diabetes and the need for tight glycemic control have been well established. With the invention of inhaled insulin, an alternate route has been explored and shows great promise. Inhaled insulin shows a similar physiologic response to subcutaneous insulin, with a faster onset of action, making it suitable for post-prandial hyperglycemia.

Impact of Snoring on the Cardiovascular System and its Treatment: Positive and Negative Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition, and if not treated can be a significant risk factor for multiple comorbidities like hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease (CAD), and congestive heart failure (CHF). The underlying pathophysiology involves coagulation and inflammatory pathways, including an overactive sympathetic nervous system. This ultimately causes hemodynamic changes and subclinical myocardial injuries.

Biologic Therapies in Sarcoidosis and Uveitis: A Review.

Sarcoidosis and uveitis are chronic inflammatory conditions with potentially debilitating effects on quality of life. Steroids form the mainstay standard therapy in both conditions. Biologic agents are considered to be appropriate alternatives for treatment in steroid-refractory sarcoidosis and uveitis due to the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in mediating the inflammatory cascade seen in both conditions.

Comparative evaluation of dexmedetomidine and midazolam-ketamine combination as sedative agents in pediatric dentistry: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pharmacological methods have been used as an adjunct to enhance child cooperativeness and facilitate dental treatment.

Objective: Purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of sedation by intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral combination drug midazolam-ketamine in a group of children with uncooperative behavior requiring dental treatment.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study that included patients 3-9 years old with American Society of Anesthesiologists-I status.