Rotations of teeth-a systematic review.

Background: Rotations are frequently evaluated through various assessment methods of crowding and arch dimension, with relatively few studies discussing the extent or direction of rotations and even fewer addressing the reliability of such assessments. This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyze existing classification systems for rotated teeth and assess rotation in anterior and posterior teeth, its clinical applicability, and its impact on retention and relapse.

Search Methods: Two investigators conducted a comprehensive search in six databases, namely, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, LILACS, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL, up to 28 March 2024.

Advocating Targeted Sequential Screening over Whole Exome Sequencing in 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency.

Objectives: Whole exome sequencing (WES) has emerged as the preferred method for diagnosing a range of Mendelian disorders. Nonetheless, the applicability of WES in genetic diagnosis of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) remains uncertain due to the intricacies involved in molecular analysis of the CYP21A2 gene.

Methods: In this case series, authors report the outcomes of couples or families who underwent WES followed by focused sequential strategy (FSS) targeting CYP21A2 gene hotspot mutations and targeted sequencing of genes associated with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH).

The BRCA mutation spectrum among breast and ovarian cancers in India: highlighting the need to screen BRCA1 185delAG among South Indians.

Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 significantly elevate the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. Limited data exists regarding the prevalence of BRCA mutations, and optimal, cost-effective testing strategies in developing countries like India. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) panel for BRCA1/2 mutation testing among women diagnosed with, or at risk of developing hereditary breast and ovarian cancers.

Prevalence and Outcomes of Carbapenem-resistant Bloodstream Infection in Children With Cancer.

Introduction: Carbapenem-resistant (CR) infections cause major morbidity and mortality. Data on CR infections in children with cancer are scarce, especially from the developing world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of bacteremia with CR organisms (CRO) compared with bacteremia with Carbapenem-sensitive organisms in children with cancer.

Intra Parotid Facial Nerve Neurofibroma: A Rare Case Report.

Primary solitary neurofibromas of facial nerve in the parotid are rare. We present a case of solitary neurofibroma of facial nerve within parotid gland in a 38 year old gentleman who presented with left sided painful preauricular swelling of 3 months duration with normal facial nerve function.Computed tomography (CT) revealed a well marginated solid mass within superficial lobe of left parotid gland showing mild enhancement.

Induced electron radiation effect on the performance of inter-satellite optical wireless communication.

This paper provides the details of a study on the effects of electron radiation on the Performance of Inters-satellite Optical Wireless Communication (IsOWC). Academia and industry focus on solutions that can improve performance and reduce the cost of IsWOC systems. Spacecraft, space stations, satellites, and astronauts are exposed to an increased level of radiation when in space, so it is essential to evaluate the risks and performance effects associated with extended radiation exposures in missions and space travel in general.

Synthesis and characterization of 4-Halobenzylidene malanonitriles for optical detection of Nickel (II) ions in aqueous solution.

In this work, we have developed fluorescent detection techniques for the determination of Ni ions in aqueous medium with sensitivity using metal coordinating fluorescent molecules namely 4-Halobenzylidene malanonitrile. The halogen substituted benzylidene malanonitile were synthesised Knoevenagel condensation reaction of various halogen substituted aromatic aldehydes with malanonitrile and products were characterised by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The obtained benzylidene malanonitiles and are exhibited a fluorescent emission with a peak of 430 nm, 440 nm and 448 nm for chloro, bromo and fluoro substituted compounds, respectively.

A review on recent advances in electrodeionization for various environmental applications.

The growing contamination of ecosystems necessitates the development of long-term pollution-removal technologies. Electrodeionization, in notably, has newly proven as an efficient method for removing ionic chemicals from polluted waterways. The fact that continuous electrodeionization is a greener technique is most probably the biggest cause for its success.

Allele-specific PCR and Next-generation sequencing based genetic screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in India.

Genetic screening of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is known to be challenging due to the complexities in CYP21A2 genotyping and has not been the first-tier diagnostic tool in routine clinical practice. Also, with the advent of massive parallel sequencing technology, there is a need for investigating its utility in screening extended panel of genes implicated in CAH. In this study, we have established and utilized an Allele-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (ASPCR) based approach for screening eight common mutations in CYP21A2 gene followed by targeted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of CYP21A2, CYP11B1, CYP17A1, POR, and CYP19A1 genes in 72 clinically diagnosed CAH subjects from India.

A review on cleaner strategies for extraction of chitosan and its application in toxic pollutant removal.

Existence of human beings in this world require a cleaner environment, in which, water is the main requirement for living. Owing to the considerable development in civilisation and considerable population explosion, an increase in the contamination of natural water resources by means of non-biodegradable contaminants like heavy metals is observed thereby increasing the need for treatment of water before usage. Despite the existence of specific limits for disposal of heavy metals in water resources, studies still show high contamination of heavy metals in all these water resources.

Hydrothermal liquefaction of Nostoc ellipsosporum biomass grown in municipal wastewater under optimized conditions for bio-oil production.

Microalgae offer numerous potential applications, however the industrial scale-up of algal technology still remains a challenge due to high production cost. Optimization of growth conditions and integration with waste streams can improve the economic viability of microalgal production systems. This study investigated on the optimal growth conditions of microalgae Nostoc ellipsosporum cultivated in municipal wastewater with the objective of achieving maximum biomass production, nutrient removal efficiency and bio-oil yield.

Oral microbial profile in oral cancer patients before and after radiation therapy in a cancer care center - A prospective study.

Background: Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer reported worldwide. In many cases, the level of aggressiveness of therapy adopted in cancer patients may cause the alteration in oral microbiota; the emergence of potential pathogens may cause opportunistic infections in already immune-compromised individuals leading to increases in morbidity and mortality. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the oral microbial profile in oral cancer patients before and after radiotherapy.

Electronic cigarette vapor alters the lateral structure but not tensiometric properties of calf lung surfactant.

Background: Despite their growing popularity, the potential respiratory toxicity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) remains largely unknown. One potential aspect of e-cigarette toxicity is the effect of e-cigarette vapor on lung surfactant function. Lung surfactant is a mixture of lipids and proteins that lines the alveolar region.

An insight study on HPTLC fingerprinting of Mukia maderaspatna: Mechanism of bioactive constituents in metal nanoparticle synthesis and its activity against human pathogens.

The present work reports the development of a Simple, rapid and eco-friendly route for the biosynthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacterial pathogens in the wound infected area. The synthesis was done using Mukia maderasapatna plant extract as a reducing agent. FT-IR analysis reported that the methanol extract was found to contain maximum number of functional groups which is responsible for the reduction of metal ions to metal nanoparticles.

New Cu-Free Ti-Based Composites with Residual Amorphous Matrix.

Titanium-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are considered to have potential for biomedical applications because they combine favorable mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. Copper represents the most common alloying element, which provides high amorphization capacity, but reports emphasizing cytotoxic effects of this element have risen concerns about possible effects on human health. A new copper-free alloy with atomic composition TiZrPdAgSn₈, in which Cu is completely replaced by Ag, was formulated based on Morinaga's d-electron alloy design theory.

Low Young's modulus Ti-based porous bulk glassy alloy without cytotoxic elements.

Unlabelled: A new a biocompatible Ti42Zr40Ta3Si15 (atomic %) porous bulk glassy alloy was produced by combination of rapid solidification and powder metallurgy techniques. Amorphous alloy ribbons were fabricated by melt spinning, i.e.

Dye-sensitized solar cell based on spray deposited ZnO thin film: performance analysis through DFT approach.

A dye-sensitized solar cell based on a spray deposited zinc oxide (ZnO) photoanode with Evans blue as a sensitizer was fabricated. Structural analysis confirms the hexagonal wurtzite phase of the ZnO photoanode with c-axis orientation. Surface morphology of the ZnO photoanode shows uniform distribution of spherically-shaped grains, ranging from 18 nm to 25 nm.

Investigation into mass loading sensitivity of sezawa wave mode-based surface acoustic wave sensors.

In this work mass loading sensitivity of a Sezawa wave mode based surface acoustic wave (SAW) device is investigated through finite element method (FEM) simulation and the prospects of these devices to function as highly sensitive SAW sensors is reported. A ZnO/Si layered SAW resonator is considered for the simulation study. Initially the occurrence of Sezawa wave mode and displacement amplitude of the Rayleigh and Sezawa wave mode is studied for lower ZnO film thickness.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from congenital lymphedema.

Congenital lymphedema is a rare type of primary lymphedema occurring at birth or developing shortly later. Primary lymphedema can be classified according to whether it is familial or sporadic. The primary congenital familial lymphedema is also known as Milroy's disease.

A technique of distal clavicle fracture fixation using the tightrope procedure.

Abstract: We present here a technique of fracture stabilization using the Tightrope procedure in a patient with a widely displaced Neer type IIB distal clavicle fracture. The Tightrope system, typically used for stabilization of acromioclavicular joint dislocation, has not been widely described for distal clavicle fractures. The patient achieved satisfactory results after surgery; we feel that this technique is appealing as it is simple, reproducible and avoids the complications associated with extensive metalwork.

Transmission of hepatitis C virus infection from asymptomatic mother to child in southern India.

Background: Little information is available on the mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in India, and no interventions to decrease transmission rates have been identified. Hence, we performed a long-term prospective study in infants born to HCV-positive mothers, with the aim of evaluating vertical transmission of HCV and correlated risks factors.

Methods: Three thousand one hundred and fifteen healthy asymptomatic pregnant women were included in the study.

Anaerobic tapered fluidized bed reactor for starch wastewater treatment and modeling using multilayer perceptron neural network.

Anaerobic treatability of synthetic sago wastewater was investigated in a laboratory anaerobic tapered fluidized bed reactor (ATFBR) with a mesoporous granular activated carbon (GAC) as a support material. The experimental protocol was defined to examine the effect of the maximum organic loading rate (OLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT), the efficiency of the reactor and to report on its steady-state performance. The reactor was subjected to a steady-state operation over a range of OLR up to 85.

Evaluation of immunogenicity and safety of Genevac B: a new recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in comparison with Engerix B and Shanvac B in healthy adults.

Purpose: Genevac B, a new indigenous recombinant hepatitis B vaccine was evaluated for its immunogenicity and safety in comparison with Engerix B (Smithkline Beecham Biologicals, Belgium) and Shanvac B (Shantha Biotechnics, India) in healthy adult volunteers.

Methods: While 240 study subjects were included in the Genevac B group, 80 each were the subjects for Engerix B and Shanvac B. A three dose regimen of 0,1,2 months was adopted with 20 gm dosage uniformly in all the three groups.