Molecular Analysis of Classical Swine Fever Virus Associated Field Infections Evidence Novel CSFV Sub Genotype in Tamil Nadu, Southern India.

Classical swine fever (CSF) is an endemic and major viral infection of Indian swine husbandry, contributing to great economic losses with multiple genotypes associated with vast clinical and subclinical outcomes. Molecular detection and genotyping of CSF virus directly from field samples has great application in disease monitoring and control measures hence this study aimed to isolate and characterize CSFV genotypes circulating in southern states of India. Fifty-seven porcine post-mortem tissues (lymph nodes, spleens, livers, lungs, and kidneys) collected from pigs suspected of systemic infections and sudden death with the history of live attenuated CSF vaccination from different regions of Tamil Nadu were used in this study.

Genetic resources and genes/QTLs for gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hübner) resistance in chickpea from the Western Himalayas.

Helicoverpa armigera (also known as gram pod borer) is a serious threat to chickpea production in the world. A set of 173 chickpea genotypes were evaluated for H. armigera resistance, including mean larval population (MLP), percentage pod damage (PPD), and pest resistance (PR) for 2 consecutive years (year 2020 and 2021).

Complete genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of feline panleukopenia virus from India.

Unlabelled: Parvoviruses are ubiquitous pathogens that cause fatal disease in cats. Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) is a primitive virus reported first and canine parvovirus (CPV) evolved from FPV and was reported later. Both induce disease in cats and dogs with correlative signs.

Meta-QTL analysis in wheat: progress, challenges and opportunities.

Wheat, an important cereal crop globally, faces major challenges due to increasing global population and changing climates. The production and productivity are challenged by several biotic and abiotic stresses. There is also a pressing demand to enhance grain yield and quality/nutrition to ensure global food and nutritional security.

Molecular evidence of porcine circovirus 3 infection in swine: first report in southern India.

The present study examined 434 field samples including serum (n = 273), swabs from natural orifices (n = 52) and postmortem tissue samples (n = 109) from both suspected and asymptomatic swine from Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana states in southern India. All the samples were processed for molecular screening of PCV3 by specific PCR assay. Overall molecular positivity rate of PCV3 was found to be 0.

Impact of intravenous dexamethasone on the initiation and recovery of atracurium in children: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Chronic steroid intake has been associated with attenuation of neuromuscular block. Despite some promising animal and adult studies, the effect of a single dose of intravenous dexamethasone on neuromuscular blockers is not well established. Thus, the present study aimed to demonstrate the effect of dexamethasone given at the time of induction for the prevention of PONV on the action of neuromuscular blockers in children undergoing elective surgery.

Signals of local bioclimate-driven ecomorphological changes in wild birds.

Across disciplines-biological, ecological, evolutionary, or environmental-researchers increasingly recognize the importance and the need for cost-effective, non-invasive techniques for in-situ morphological measurements of organisms in diverse research contexts. By applying a non-invasive technique using digital images taken under field conditions, we successfully measured the body sizes of wild Painted Storks (Mycteria leucocephala) in two different biogeographic regions of India, spatially separated by 20° of latitude. We have used the wild Painted Storks as model species for measuring their morphometrics using a non-invasive technique that could easily be applied to similar species, rare, endemic, colonial, aquatic, and even those with cultural taboos.

Thermal cum lipopolysaccharide-induced stress challenge downregulates functional response of bovine monocyte-derived macrophages.

Macrophages are considered to be key players in innate immunity and inflammatory responses. Domestic cattle with standard body size quickly reach their heat tolerance limit and are prone to heat stress. The combined effects of high temperature and endotoxemia on bovine monocyte-derived macrophages remain almost undisclosed.

Molecular detection of porcine parvovirus 1-associated reproductive failure in southern India.

This study used 56 aborted and stillborn fetuses from organized swine farms in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, southern states of India. All samples were screened by using a PCR assay that targets the NS1 gene for PPV. Furthermore, the PCR positive samples were subjected to amplification of the VP2 gene of PPV1 with designed primers and sequenced for further study.

Comparison of peribulbar block and subtenon infiltration in pediatric enucleation for retinoblastoma.

Purpose: Enucleation performed in children with retinoblastoma is associated with severe postoperative pain. The use of opioids for the pain is associated with numerous complications which demand careful monitoring. Subtenon infiltration and peribulbar block are useful in ameliorating pain perioperatively following various ophthalmic surgeries which are yet to be evaluated in enucleation.

Emergence of novel Porcine circovirus 2 genotypes in Southern India.

A total of 200 samples from Porcine circovirus 2 suspected (n = 112) and healthy (n = 88) swine populations collected from different districts of Tamil Nadu, south India were used in this study. The samples comprising of serum (n = 124), swabs from natural orifices (n = 52), and postmortem tissues (n = 24). All the samples were processed and subjected to the screening and detection of the PCV2 genome by a specific PCR assay.

Prone ventilation in a pregnant patient with scrub typhus-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome.

A 23-year-old primigravida at 20 weeks of gestation presented to our hospital with undifferentiated febrile illness and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. She was intubated in the emergency department and transferred to the intensive care unit. Initial treatment included ventilatory care, vasopressor support and broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Experimental and optimised data set for hot extrusion of BC/Al 6061 composite using Taguchi coupled GRA technique.

Modern aluminium composites reinforced with variety of hard particles become more usage in Industrial environment. But manufacturing of composites with homogenously distributed reinforcement becomes the challenge. To overcome this challenge, most of the Aluminium composite are undergone a secondary extrusion process.

Exploring the binding mechanism between methylene blue and ovalbumin using spectroscopic analyses and computational simulations.

The detailed investigation of methylene blue (MB) dye with ovalbumin (OVA) was examined by multispectroscopic and computational techniques. The experimental results of emission spectral studies displayed that the quenching behaviour of OVA with MB dye is due to static quenching mechanism. Isothermal titration calorimetry experimental results suggested that the binding of MB dye became favoured with the aid of a favourable entropy contribution and negative enthalpy.

Molecular interaction studies of some Co(III)-surfactants with the transport protein.

The present work describes the synthesis and the molecular interaction of two single-chain Co(III)-coordinated surfactant complexes with a plasma protein, human serum albumin by using various biophysical and in silico techniques. The experimental data reveals that like ordinary classical surfactants, our metallosurfactants also have the tendency to associate themselves and form micelles at critical micelle concentration. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG°) derived from the experiment demonstrates that the alkyl chain length and the head group of the Co(III)-surfactant complexes played a vital role in the binding process.

Sequence analysis of VP2 hypervariable region of the field isolates of infectious bursal disease viruses from southern region of India.

Infectious bursal disease virus isolates obtained from southern parts of India were subjected to comparative sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 743bp hypervariable region of VP2. The sequence analysis showed that among eight isolates, only HY12 showed the characteristic conserved amino acid residues at 256I, 294I, and 299S of vvIBDV. Six isolates BGE14, PY12, NKL14, VCN14, RPM14 and EDE14 had conserved amino acid residues at 256I and 299S, whereas at residue 294, isoleucine was substituted by valine.

Prevalence of enteropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in puppies with hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.

Aim: Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) ranging from mild to severe forms is commonly encountered in puppies. The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of common enteropathogens and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern in puppies reported with HGE.

Materials And Methods: The canine HGE activity index, with little modification, was adopted to identify Grade III/severely affected puppies below 6 months of age.

Tuberculous otitis media: a resurgence?

Objective: Tuberculosis is a global health problem that is especially prevalent in developing countries such as India. Recently, atypical presentation has become more common and a high index of suspicion is essential. This study analysed the various presenting symptoms and signs of tuberculous otitis media and the role of diagnostic tests, with the aim of formulating criteria for the diagnosis.