High flux novel polymeric membrane for renal applications.

Biocompatibility and the ability to mediate the appropriate flux of ions, urea, and uremic toxins between blood and dialysate components are key parameters for membranes used in dialysis. Oxone-mediated TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanomaterials have been demonstrated to be excellent additives in the production and tunability of ultrafiltration and dialysis membranes. In the present study, nanocellulose ionic liquid membranes (NC-ILMs) were tested in vitro and ex vivo.

Tuning Ternary ZnCdTe Quantum Dot Composition: Engineering Electronic States for Light-Activated Superoxide Generation as a Therapeutic against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Quantum-confined states of semiconductor nanocrystals offer unique opportunities for selective light-activated photochemistry and generation of specific reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species. Recently, assessment of different ROS and RNS species identified intracellular light-activated superoxide as the prime candidate for selective nanotherapeutic treatments in countering the threat of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Here, we show that by carefully tuning the composition of ternary zinc cadmium telluride (ZnCdTe) quantum dots (QDs), we can engineer the bandgap, electronic states, and the resultant reduction and oxidation potentials, thereby changing the light-activated superoxide generation by these QDs.

Quantum dot therapeutics: a new class of radical therapies.

Traditional therapeutics and vaccines represent the bedrock of modern medicine, where isolated biochemical molecules or designed proteins have led to success in treating and preventing diseases. However, several adaptive pathogens, such as multidrug-resistant (MDR) superbugs, and rapidly evolving diseases, such as cancer, can evade such molecules very effectively. This poses an important problem since the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistance among microbes is one of the most pressing public health crises of our time-one that could claim more than 10 million lives and 100 trillion dollars annually by 2050.

Assessing Different Reactive Oxygen Species as Potential Antibiotics: Selectivity of Intracellular Superoxide Generation Using Quantum Dots.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a broad range of chemical species including superoxide, hydroxyl, singlet oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide. Each species behaves differently in the cellular environment. Some can play specific roles as intracellular signaling molecules, while others act primarily as indiscriminate oxidants.

Designing Superoxide-Generating Quantum Dots for Selective Light-Activated Nanotherapy.

The rapid emergence of superbugs, or multi-drug resistant (MDR) organisms, has prompted a search for novel antibiotics, beyond traditional small-molecule therapies. Nanotherapeutics are being investigated as alternatives, and recently superoxide-generating quantum dots (QDs) have been shown as important candidates for selective light-activated therapy, while also potentiating existing antibiotics against MDR superbugs. Their therapeutic action is selective, can be tailored by simply changing their quantum-confined conduction-valence band (CB-VB) positions and alignment with different redox half-reactions-and hence their ability to generate specific radical species in biological media.

High-Throughput Block Optical DNA Sequence Identification.

Optical techniques for molecular diagnostics or DNA sequencing generally rely on small molecule fluorescent labels, which utilize light with a wavelength of several hundred nanometers for detection. Developing a label-free optical DNA sequencing technique will require nanoscale focusing of light, a high-throughput and multiplexed identification method, and a data compression technique to rapidly identify sequences and analyze genomic heterogeneity for big datasets. Such a method should identify characteristic molecular vibrations using optical spectroscopy, especially in the "fingerprinting region" from ≈400-1400 cm .

Simultaneous Quantification of Dexpanthenol and Resorcinol from Hair Care Formulation Using Liquid Chromatography: Method Development and Validation.

The current study presents the simultaneous quantification of dexpanthenol and resorcinol from marketed hair care formulation. Dexpanthenol is often present as an active ingredient in personal care products for its beautifying and invigorating properties and restorative and smoothing properties. On the other hand resorcinol is mainly prescribed for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of scalp.

Quantitative Analysis of Resorcinol from Marketed Hair Tonic Using Liquid Chromatographic Technique.

Quantitative estimation of resorcinol from marketed pharmaceutical formulation has been reported in this study. Resorcinol as a pharmaceutical ingredient has a broad spectrum of application but its application is limited due to its toxic side effects. Method for the accurate estimation of resorcinol is therefore essential.