Biochar from microwave co-pyrolysis of food waste and polyethylene using different microwave susceptors - Production, modification and application for metformin removal.

Biochar (BC) production by microwave (MW) co-pyrolysis of food waste (FW) with polyethylene (PE) (mixed in a ratio of 8:1) was performed in the present study using different MW susceptors, i.e. granular activated carbon (G), silica gel (S), cement (C) and flyash (F).

Investigation of Chitosan for Prevention of Diabetic Progression Through Gut Microbiota Alteration in Sugar Rich Diet Induced Diabetic Rats.

Sugar rich diet induces inflammation and insulin resistance mainly through gut microbiota alteration. Gut microflora dysbiosis increases plasma lipopolysaccharide and reduces short chain fatty acids to impair the insulin signaling cascades by different molecular pathways to progress into diabetes. Chitosan based formulations have major significance in insulin delivery system due to their ability to protect the insulin from enzymatic degradation and its efficient inter-epithelial transport.

MicroRNA-16 modulates macrophage polarization leading to improved insulin sensitivity in myoblasts.

Uncontrolled inflammation leads to several diseases such as insulin resistance, T2D and several types of cancers. The functional role of microRNAs in inflammation induced insulin resistance is poorly studied. MicroRNAs are post-transcriptional regulatory molecules which mediate diverse biological processes.

Understanding the role of heat shock protein isoforms in male fertility, aging and apoptosis.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a role in the homeostasis, apoptosis regulation and the maintenance of the various other physiological processes. Aging is accompanied by a decrease in the resistance to environmental stress, while mitochondria are primary targets in the process of aging, their expression decreasing with age. Mitochondrion also plays a significant role in the process of spermatogenesis.

Understanding and modulating the Toll like Receptors (TLRs) and NOD like Receptors (NLRs) cross talk in type 2 diabetes.

Obesity and Type 2 diabetes are leading health problems which are characterized by low-grade inflammation with an increase in inflammatory cytokines along with the change in the gut microbiota population. Toll like Receptors (TLRs) and NOD like Receptors (NLRs) are very prominent pathogen recognition receptors, which play a significant role in the innate immune system. Both TLRs and NLRs pathways are mediated through different adaptor proteins; commonly found to activate the NF-kB, which induces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines.