Antenatal diagnosis of aneurysmal malformation of the vein of Galen.

Vein of Galen malformation (VGAM) results from an aneurysmal aberration with an arteriovenous shunting of blood. Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations are the most frequent arteriovenous malformations in infants and fetuses. The congenital malformation develops during weeks 6-11 of fetal development.

Unicentric Castleman's disease of abdomen.

Castleman's disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disease of uncertain etiology that affects lymph nodes. CD can be classified as a) unicentric vs. multicentric, based on clinical and radiological findings, b) hyaline vascular (80-90%) vs.

Spontaneous gastric perforation in 11-year-old boy with anorexia nervosa: rare presentation with right iliac fossa pain.

Spontaneous gastric perforation is rare in children. It is usually associated with prematurity, foreign bodies and trauma. Anorexia nervosa (AN) can be an underlying condition although no cases are reported in the literature.

Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of holoprosencephaly and associated anomalies.

Holoprosencephaly is a rare spectrum of cerebral and facial malformations resulting from incomplete division of the embryonic forebrain (prosencephalon) into distinct lateral cerebral hemisphere. Holoprosencephaly spectrum in the fetus is often associated with other anomalies, particularly of the face and extremities. Here we present three different cases of patients with holoprosencephaly who failed to attain routine sonography during 11-20 weeks owing to some unavoidable circumstances.

Postmenopausal woman with vaginal mass: do not forget to see for uterine inversion.

Inversion of the uterus is a rare clinical problem. It is encountered as an obstetric emergency and is a diagnostic challenge in gynaecology. Non-puerperal inversion usually results from a tumour implanted on fundus of the uterus.

Heterogenous wall thickening of gall blabber: xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis or carcinoma, with type 3 choledochal cyst.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is an unusual inflammatory disease of the gallbladder characterised by severe proliferative fibrosis and the accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages in areas of destructive inflammation. Its macroscopic appearance may occasionally be confused with gallbladder carcinoma. The authors present a case of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis with type 3 choledochal cyst in a 20-year-old man who was referred to our hospital with a 1-week history of abdominal pain and fever.