Publications by authors named "Parra-Medina R"

Genetic studies in Latin America have expanded, but further efforts are needed to understand cancer susceptibility genes beyond BRCA1 and BRCA2, especially by characterizing the prevalence and spectrum of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (PVs) in the region. This study aimed to determine the frequency of hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) in Colombians with solid tumors and to characterize the spectrum of PVs. Using data from the Colombia's largest Institutional Hereditary Cancer Program, we included patients aged ≥18 years with solid tumors who met HCS criteria and were offered genetic testing with a 105-cancer gene panel.

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Lung cancer exhibits a diverse array of morphological manifestations and molecular changes, significantly influencing patient diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies. We present the case of a 47-year-old man with a history of smoking, who presented to the emergency room with a 12-month history of haemoptysis. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a mass in the right upper lobe of the lung and bilateral lung nodules.

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Introduction: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in adults often presents a poor prognosis. ID1 and ID3 genes have been identified as predictors of poor response in Colombian adult B-ALL patients, contributing to cancer development. In various cancer models, these genes have been associated with immune regulatory populations within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME).

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on the occurrence of HER2-low expression in Hispanic/Latino women with breast cancer, highlighting its significance for treating HER2-negative cases.
  • A systematic review of 12 articles found that among 73,467 individuals, HER2-zero, HER2-low, and HER2-positive cases were present at rates of 45.0%, 32.0%, and 23.0%, respectively.
  • The findings emphasize that a substantial portion of Hispanic/Latino patients could benefit from HER2-targeted therapies, suggesting further research is necessary to explore HER2-low prevalence in diverse Latin American populations.
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Despite recent advancements in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, particularly with the introduction of immunotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors, the efficacy of these therapies remains limited to a subset of patients. To address this challenge, our study aimed to develop a prognostic biomarker based on immune-related genes to predict better outcomes in CRC patients and aid in treatment decision-making. We comprehensively analysed immune gene expression signatures associated with CRC prognosis to construct an immune meta-signature with prognostic potential.

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In Colombia, cancer is recognized as a high-cost pathology by the national government and the Colombian High-Cost Disease Fund. As of 2020, the situation is most critical for adult cancer patients, particularly those under public healthcare and residing in remote regions of the country. The highest lag time for a diagnosis was observed for cervical cancer (79.

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Cellular senescence in gliomas is a complex process that is induced by aging and replication, ionizing radiation, oncogenic stress, and the use of temozolomide. However, the escape routes that gliomas must evade senescence and achieve cellular immortality are much more complex, in which the expression of telomerase and the alternative lengthening of telomeres, as well as the mutation of some proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, are involved. In gliomas, these molecular mechanisms related to cellular senescence can have a tumor-suppressing or promoting effect and are directly involved in tumor recurrence and progression.

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Background: Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is a crucial factor in predicting responses to immunotherapy. This systematic review and meta-analysis focuses on the prevalence of PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features among Hispanic/Latino (H/L) populations.

Methods: Embase, LILACS, Medline, and Virtual Health Library were searched for studies that evaluated the prevalence of PD-L1 in H/L patients.

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor. The emerging field of epigenetics stands out as particularly promising. Notably, the discovery of micro RNAs (miRNAs) has paved the way for advancements in diagnosing, treating, and prognosticating patients with brain tumors.

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Objective: The Cancer Genome Atlas research program (TCGA) developed the molecular classification for endometrial cancer with prognostic and therapeutic utility, which was replaced by the ProMisE (Proactive Molecular Risk Classifier for Endometrial Cancer) classification by consensus and international guidelines due to its high cost. This article aims to present national recommendations from an expert consensus that allows unification and implementation of the molecular classification for women with endometrial cancer nationwide, with a rational use of resources and technology. Methods: Consensus of 36 experts in clinical oncology, oncological gynecology, pathology, and genetics, with clinical practice in the national territory.

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The most widely accepted and used type of digital pathology (DP) is whole-slide imaging (WSI). The USFDA granted two WSI system approvals for primary diagnosis, the first in 2017. In Latin America, DP has the potential to reshape healthcare by enhancing diagnostic capabilities through artificial intelligence (AI) and standardizing pathology reports.

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Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) poses diagnostic challenges due to its resemblance to benign pleural pathologies and different histological subtypes. Several immunohistochemistry markers have been employed to aid in accurate diagnosis.

Methods: The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of various immunohistochemistry markers in malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosis and its histological subtypes.

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Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease with important genetic and environmental factors. It is the fifth most common cancer in incidence, and the fourth cause of death secondary to cancer. The incidence of early-onset gastric cancer is increasing worldwide, but clinical information on these patients has not been well established.

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Introduction: The frequency of actionable mutations varies between races, and Hispanic/Latino (H/L) people are a population with different proportions of ancestry. Our purpose was to establish prevalence of actionable mutations in the H/L population with NSCLC.

Methods: EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, and Virtual Health Library were searched for studies published up to April 2023 that evaluated the prevalence of ALK, BRAF, EGFR, HER-2, KRAS, MET, NTRK, RET, ROS1 in H/L patients.

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The fusariosis is an opportunistic mycosis caused by Fusarium spp. Its clinical presentation depends on the immunological status of the host, especially in patients with hematooncological diseases, whose manifestations vary from localized to invasive fungal infections. Skin or blood culture helps to guide combined antifungal treatment with amphotericin B and voriconazole.

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Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a prevalent subtype of lung cancer associated with high mortality rates. We aimed to utilize single-cell multiomics analysis to identify the key molecules involved in ubiquitination modification, which plays a role in LUAD development and progression.

Methods: We use a systematic approach to analyze LUAD-related single-cell and bulk transcriptome datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases.

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Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most frequent neoplasm worldwide and the second leading cause of mortality. Neuroendocrine peptides such as glucagon, bombesin, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, and gastrin as well as growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor have been postulated as being involved in carcinogenesis. The fact that these neuroendocrine peptides are involved in the development of CRC through the activation of growth factors that stimulate a series of molecular pathways that activate oncogenic signaling mechanisms is emphasized in this review.

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Background: Gliomas represent almost 30% of all primary brain tumors and account for 80% of malignant primary ones. In the last two decades, significant progress has been made in understanding gliomas' molecular origin and development. These advancements have demonstrated a remarkable improvement in classification systems based on mutational markers, which contribute paramount information in addition to traditional histology-based classification.

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Metastatic involvement of clear cell renal cancer in the esophagus has been described in the literature as an uncommon condition. These usually present as late relapse causing clinical manifestations such as dysphagia and melena. We present the case of a 57-year-old man with a history of renal cell carcinoma who presented an early metastasis to the esophagus.

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The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has shown promising performance as a support tool in clinical pathology workflows. In addition to the well-known interobserver variability between dermatopathologists, melanomas present a significant challenge in their histological interpretation. This study aims to analyze all previously published studies on whole-slide images of melanocytic tumors that rely on deep learning techniques for automatic image analysis.

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Introduction And Objective: A new coronavirus produces a disease designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccination against COVID-19 has resulted in decreased mortality. Postmortems of vaccinated patients play an important part in the forensic analysis of adverse effects after vaccination, which is essential for determining its efficacy and security.

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The incidence of colorectal cancer in Argentina and Brazil has reached levels comparable to those in higher-income countries. Similarly, the incidence of melanoma in Latin America has increased during the past decades. mutation is seen frequently in melanomas and colorectal cancer.

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Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal inheritance disease characterized by 100 or more adenomatous polyps in the colon and rectum with a high risk of developing colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The management of this disease is based on early screening and timely follow up, with subsequent planning of risk-reducing or therapeutic surgeries. We present a case of a patient with a strong family history of FAP with a "de novo" diagnosis of CRC.

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