Sensory differentiation of Old World wines from New World wines: Has this become more challenging?

The present study aimed to investigate whether, over two recent decades (1997-2018), Old World Wines (OW) and New World Wines (NW) have become more similar or less similar from a sensory perspective. Two 5-year periods were selected within the two-decade period: 1997-2001 (p1) and 2014-2018 (p2). Data comprised descriptors from reviews by seven expert wine critics with descriptors for 31 wines extracted from each review for every year selected.

Diverse impact of topography and cultivation location on the polyphenolic profiles and certain sensory attributes of 'País' heritage wines from the Maule dryland region (Chile).

Polyphenols are compounds that have traditionally been related to sensory properties of wines. The synthesis of these secondary metabolites can be influenced by numerous factors, including the edaphoclimatic conditions of the growing area of vines. In this study, the effect of topography and cultivation location on the chemical composition and sensory perception of wines was determined.

Limb sparing in a cat with a humeral osteosarcoma using a customised three-dimensional printed endoprosthesis.

Case Summary: A 12-year-old male neutered Bengal cat presented for a left thoracic limb lameness of several weeks' duration. Abnormal advanced imaging findings depicted the presence of an irregularly marginated osteolytic lesion in the proximal-mid diaphysis of the left humerus. A histopathological evaluation of the humerus confirmed a diagnosis of osteoblastic osteosarcoma.

Combining Virtual Surgical Planning and Patient-Specific 3D-Printing as a Solution to Complex Spinal Revision Surgery.

With the advent of three-dimensional printing, rapid growth in the field and application in spinal and orthopedic surgery has been seen. This technology is now being applied in creating patient-specific implants, as it offers benefits over the generic alternative, with growing literature supporting this. This report details a unique application of virtual surgical planning and manufacture of a personalized implant in a case of cervical disc replacement failure with severe osteolysis and resultant hypermobility.

Understanding Quality of Pinot Noir Wine: Can Modelling and Machine Learning Pave the Way?

Wine research has as its core components the disciplines of sensory analysis, viticulture, and oenology. Wine quality is an important concept for each of these disciplines, as well as for both wine producers and consumers. Any technique that could help producers to understand the nature of wine quality and how consumers perceive it, will help them to design even more effective marketing strategies.

Rapid Personalised Virtual Planning and On-Demand Surgery for Acute Spinal Trauma Using 3D-Printing, Biomodelling and Patient-Specific Implant Manufacture.

Three-dimensional printing is a rapidly growing field, with extensive application to orthopaedics and spinal surgery. Three-dimensional-printed (3DP) patient-specific implants (PSIs) offer multiple potential benefits over generic alternatives, with their use increasingly being described in the spinal literature. This report details a unique, emergency case of a traumatic spinal injury in a 31-year-old male, acquired rurally and treated with a 3DP PSI in a tertiary unit.

Effect of Bicortical Interfragmentary Screw Size on the Fixation of Metacarpal Shaft Fractures: A 3-Dimensional-Printed Biomechanical Study.

Purpose: Spiral metacarpal fractures fixed with 2 non-lagged, interfragmentary cortical screws were tested to failure. The effect of screw size (1.2 mm, 1.

Standalone titanium/polyetheretherketone interbody cage for anterior lumbar interbody fusion: Clinical and radiological results at 24 months.

Context: Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) is a common procedure for patients suffering degenerative, deformity, or posttraumatic pathologies of the lumbar spine.

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of a combination Titanium/Polyetheretherketone (Ti/PEEK) 3-screw fixation ALIF cage.

Settings And Design: This was a prospective multisurgeon series of 87 patients (105 implants), with a minimum 24-month follow-up.

Unique foot posture in Neanderthals reflects their body mass and high mechanical stress.

Neanderthal foot bone proportions and morphology are mostly indistinguishable from those of Homo sapiens, with the exception of several distinct Neanderthal features in the talus. The biomechanical implications of these distinct talar features remain contentious, fueling debate around the adaptive meaning of this distinctiveness. With the aim of clarifying this controversy, we test phylogenetic and behavioral factors as possible contributors, comparing tali of 10 Neanderthals and 81 H.

In-mouth attributes driving perceived quality of Pinot noir wines: Sensory and chemical characterisation.

We investigated perception of mouthfeel in Pinot noir wines and its physicochemical determinants. Seventeen wine professionals judged 18 Pinot noir wines via two tasting tasks, Descriptive Rating and Directed Sorting, the latter based on perception of in-mouth attributes. Selected chemical measures of the same 18 wines were determined.

Opinion Piece: Patient-Specific Implants May Be the Next Big Thing in Spinal Surgery.

The emergence of 3D-Printing technologies and subsequent medical applications have allowed for the development of Patient-specific implants (PSIs). There have been increasing reports of PSI application to spinal surgery over the last 5 years, including throughout the spine and to a range of pathologies, though largely for complex cases. Through a number of potential benefits, including improvements to the implant-bone interface and surgical workflow, PSIs aim to improve patient and surgical outcomes, as well as potentially provide new avenues for combating challenges routinely faced by spinal surgeons.

Revision of a Failed C5-7 Corpectomy Complicated by Esophageal Fistula Using a 3-Dimensional-Printed Zero-Profile Patient-Specific Implant: A Technical Case Report.

Background: Esophageal fistulae are rare, though serious, complications of anterior cervical surgery. Hardware-related issues are important etiologic factors. Patient-specific implants (PSIs) have increasingly been adapted to spinal surgery and offer a range of benefits.

Fatigue implications for bending orthopaedic plates.

Objectives: - We aimed to investigate how pre-bending affects the mechanical properties, specifically fatigue, of stainless-steel plates.

Methods: - 3.5mm LCP 10-hole plates were pre-bent in 1, 2 and 3 locations to the same overall degree and fatigue testing performed.

Perception of quality and complexity in wine and their links to varietal typicality: An investigation involving Pinot noir wine and professional tasters.

Quality and complexity are abstract terms employed frequently to describe a wine's overall attributes. In the present study, we investigated: (i) attributes driving wine professionals' judgments of quality and complexity in Pinot noir wines; (ii) the relation between these two abstract concepts; and (iii) association of each concept with varietal typicality. Twenty-two wine professionals evaluated 18 New Zealand Pinot noir wines in both clear and opaque glassware via two sensory tasks, a descriptive rating task and an 8-attribute, perceived complexity questionnaire.

Kinematics of the Feline Antebrachiocarpal Joint from Supination to Pronation.

Objective:  Cats rely on their forelimb mobility for everyday activities including climbing and grooming. Supination and pronation of the forelimb in cats are considered to primarily involve the antebrachium, rather than the carpus. Therefore, our null hypothesis was that there would be no movement of the carpal bones (radial carpal bone, ulnar carpal bone and accessory carpal bone) relative to the ulna during supination and pronation.

Development of a Multivariate Prediction Model for Successful Oswestry Disability Index Changes in L5/S1 Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Degenerative Disc Disease.

Objective: Lower back pain associated with degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) has been shown to be effective for treating refractory DDD, but it remains unclear which patients may benefit most from the procedure. This study aims to develop a predictive model for clinical success in L5/S1 ALIF for DDD.

Correction to: 3D-printed spine surgery implants: a systematic review of the efficacy and clinical safety profile of patient-specific and off-the-shelf devices.

Unfortunately, 3rd author's first name was incorrectly published in the original publication. The complete correct name is given below.

Bone ongrowth and mechanical fixation of implants in cortical and cancellous bone.

Background: What is the right surface for an implant to achieve biological fixation? Surface technologies can play important roles in encouraging interactions between the implant surface and the host bone to achieve osseointegration. Preclinical animal models provide important insight into in vivo performance related to bone ongrowth and implant fixation.

Methods: A large animal model was used to compare the in vivo response of HA and plasma-sprayed titanium coatings in a well-reported adult ovine model to evaluate bone ongrowth in terms of mechanical properties in cortical sites, and histology and histomorphometry in cortical and cancellous sites at 4 and 12 weeks.

Moment arm function dictates patella sagittal height anatomy: Rabbit epiphysiodesis model alters limb length ratios and subsequent patellofemoral anatomical development.

Patellofemoral anatomical dysplasia is associated with patellofemoral instability and pain. The closure of the knee physis occurs at the same age as the peak incidence of patellofemoral dislocation. This study determined the effect on the patellofemoral anatomical development in a rabbit epiphysiodesis model.

Morphometric analysis of the hominin talus: Evolutionary and functional implications.

The adoption of bipedalism is a key benchmark in human evolution that has impacted talar morphology. Here, we investigate talar morphological variability in extinct and extant hominins using a 3D geometric morphometric approach. The evolutionary timing and appearance of modern human-like features and their contributions to bipedal locomotion were evaluated on the talus as a whole, each articular facet separately, and multiple combinations of facets.

Distalising tibial tubercle osteotomy decreases patellar tendon force - A treatment rationale for recalcitrant patellar tendinopathy.

Background: Patellar tendinopathy is an overuse condition affecting athletes, often with a high morbidity if left untreated. High-level evidence fails to support the use of surgery. A tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) has been suggested as a surgical option to improve patient outcomes.

3D printed anatomical (bio)models in spine surgery: clinical benefits and value to health care providers.

The applications of three-dimensional printing (3DP) for clinical purposes have grown rapidly over the past decade. Recent advances include the fabrication of patient specific instrumentation, such as drill and cutting guides, patient specific/custom long term implants and 3DP of cellular scaffolds. Spine surgery in particular has seen enthusiastic early adoption of these applications.

The influence of mobility strategy on the modern human talus.

Objectives: The primate talus is known to have a shape that varies according to differences in locomotion and substrate use. While the modern human talus is morphologically specialized for bipedal walking, relatively little is known on how its morphology varies in relation to cultural and environmental differences across time. Here we compare tali of modern human populations with different subsistence economies and lifestyles to explore how cultural practices and environmental factors influence external talar shape.

C3-C5 Chordoma Resection and Reconstruction with a Three-Dimensional Printed Titanium Patient-Specific Implant.

Background: With this case report, we aim to add to the clinical literature on the use of three-dimensional printed patient-specific implants in spinal surgery, show the current state of the art in patient-specific implant device design, present thorough clinical and radiographic outcomes, and discuss the suitability of titanium alloy as an implant material for patients with cancer.

Case Description: A 45-year-old man presented with neck and left arm pain combined with shoulder weakness. Imaging revealed significant destruction of the C3-C5 vertebrae, and chordoma diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy.

Three-Dimensional Morphometric Analysis of Lumbar Vertebral End Plate Anatomy.

Background: Information on the three-dimensional (3D) shape of vertebral end plates is lacking. Previous studies have analyzed two-dimensional shape; however, 3D data are important because they may help improve our understanding of how differences in shape are related to age, gender, race, size, and other parameters, which may subsequently help improve device design for interbody prosthesis.

Objective: To study the 3D shape of lumbar vertebral end plates from normal adult lumbar spines and correlate them with age, gender, spinal/end plate level, end plate surface area, concave depth, and size.