Aerosol drug therapy in critically ill patients (Aero-in-ICU study): A multicentre prospective observational cohort study.

Background: In recent years, a significant understanding of delivering optimal aerosol therapy and the availability of various drugs and devices have led to an increase in its use in clinical practice. There are only a few studies available regarding their use in critically ill patients from a few parts of the world. We aimed to study the practice pattern of aerosol therapy in critically ill patients from Indian intensive care units (ICUs).

Efficacy of Low Dose Intravenous Epinephrine Infusion in Improving Perioperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of Prostate: A Prospective Parallel Arm Double-Blind Randomized Control Trial.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of intraoperative low-dose intravenous epinephrine infusion in improving intraoperative bleeding and perioperative outcomes of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) surgery.

Methods: This was a double-blinded, randomized control trial in which all patients undergoing bipolar TURP were included. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension, cardiac disease, and on anticoagulants were excluded.

Preoperative C-reactive protein - Albumin ratio as a predictor of requirement for postoperative mechanical ventilation after non-cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia: A prospective observational study (HICARV).

Background And Aims: Mechanical ventilation is an essential but limited resource worldwide. Appropriate perioperative utilisation of such useful resource demands in time prediction where literature does not have enough data. High C-reactive protein (CRP) and low albumin both represent a state of exaggerated inflammation and poor nutrition, the combination of which might represent the sick surgical patients.

Effect of 5% EMLA Cream on Postoperative Sore Throat in Adults Following General Endotracheal Anesthesia: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.

Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a distressing complaint in adults after endotracheal intubation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of topical application of a eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream over the endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff on the incidence and severity of POST, cough, and hoarseness of voice in adults after surgery.

Methods: In this randomized, placebo-controlled study, adult patients 18 to 65 years old, in American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, and of either sex were scheduled to receive 5% EMLA cream (intervention arm) or lubricant gel (placebo-controlled arm) applied over the ETT cuff.

Home Care of Tracheostomized Chronically Critically Ill Patients: A Study of Caregivers' Burden and Comparison with the Burden of Palliative Care Patients in India.

Introduction: Chronically critically ill (CCI) patients often have high costs of care and poor outcomes. Disease management programs offering home care may reduce costs but need buy-in from informal caregivers. An understanding of caregiver burden in this population is lacking.

Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire in Chronic Low Back Pain (Frebaq-I): Translation and Validation in the Indian Population.

Background: The Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ) has been found to possess adequate psychometric properties in low back pain (LBP) patients worldwide. The aim of this study was to translate the questionnaire into a classical Indian language (Odiya) and validate in the Indian population (FreBAQ-I).

Materials And Methods: The English edition of the FreBAQ was transformed into Indian classical language (Odiya).

Development and validation of a Questionnaire to study practices and diversities in Plexus and Peripheral nerve blocks.

Background And Aims: Regional anaesthesia techniques are a part of perioperative medicine that affects both perioperative and long-term outcomes. We have a paucity of the data on the usage and practices of plexus and peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to validate a survey for plexus and PNBs.

Ultrasound-guided anterior and posterior quadratus lumborum block for analgesia after laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Laparoscopic procedures are now preferred over open surgeries, and total laparoscopic hysterectomy is becoming increasingly popular. Quadratus lumborum (QL) block is an evolving technique for abdominal surgeries that blocks T5-L1 nerve branches. We used a combination of anterior and posterior QL block given bilaterally in two patients and evaluated perioperative opioid consumption, postoperative pain score and patient satisfaction.

Risk Factors for the Development of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Joint Replacement Surgery: A Meta-Analysis.

A new-onset acute kidney injury (AKI) after arthroplasty impairs rehabilitation and outcome. A prior knowledge of risk factors contributes to a planned preventive management and prognostication. Although many studies have addressed the issue, our objective was to perform a meta-analysis to bring a consensus on the perioperative risk factors promoting AKI postoperatively.

Opioid-free anesthesia for breast cancer surgery: A comparison of ultrasound guided paravertebral and pectoral nerve blocks. A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Pectoral block (PECS)-based anesthesia without opioids decreases analgesic requirement, pain scores and post-operative nausea vomiting (PONV) compared to conventional opioid-based general anesthesia in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy and axillary dissection (MRM-AD). We compared PECS versus Paravertebral Block (PVB) in providing an opioid free, nerve block-based regimen. Outcomes of interest were post-operative analgesic requirement, duration of analgesia, PONV and patient and surgeon satisfaction.

Preventive Epidural Analgesia in Bilateral Single-Stage Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Although controversial, pre-emptive analgesia has shown some promise in preventing altered pain perception and reducing pain amplification after surgery. Hence, it has the potential to be more effective than a similar analgesic regimen started after surgery with an appropriate combination of patient category and analgesic modality. Hence, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of preventive epidural analgesia in reducing pain severity and duration after bilateral single-stage knee arthroplasty.

Effectiveness of Different Techniques of Ethyl Chloride Spray for Venepuncture-Induced Pain: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Venepuncture is an essential component of anaesthesia services. However, this invites pain generating the first negative experience with anaesthesia. Hence, relief of this pain carries considerable importance.

TruView Video Laryngoscope for Lateral Position Intubation in a Patient With Giant Presacral Neurofibroma.

Background: Most airway management is done in the supine position, but some situations may require airway management in the lateral position. Most emergency physicians and anesthesiologists are not comfortable with intubation in the lateral position.

Case Report: We present a patient with giant presacral neurofibroma and the use of video laryngoscope for airway management in the lateral position.

Single Intra-articular Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Corticosteroid Injections in the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder: A Cohort Study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of single intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and corticosteroid (CS) injections in patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder.

Design: Patients aged 18-70 yrs of either sex, diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis of shoulder, with less than 6-mo duration, were included. In intra-articular corticosteroid (IA-CS, control) group, 30 patients received a single injection (4 ml) of IA-CS and in IA-PRP (test) group, 30 patients received single IA-PRP injection (4 ml) into the glenohumeral joint under ultrasound guidance.

The Carrico index is the parameter that guides the requirement of oxygen in the postoperative period in patients undergoing head and neck surgery under general anaesthesia: a cross-sectional study.

Background & Aims: Altered lung function and consequent decrease in oxygenation has been linked to the duration of anaesthesia. This necessitates oxygen monitoring and supplementation in the perioperative period. But, evidence is lacking regarding the parameter that guides best the oxygen supplementation in the postoperative period and the parameter that correlates best with the duration of anaesthesia.

Central venous catheter malposition due to dialysis catheter: a case report.

A 56-year-old man on maintenance hemodialysis was admitted to the intensive care unit with septic shock and coagulopathy. As there was a dialysis catheter in the right internal jugular vein, the left internal jugular vein was cannulated with a central venous catheter to initiate vasopressor therapy. A chest X-ray showed formation of a catheter loop inside the left brachiocephalic vein, probably due to hindrance by the dialysis catheter.

Osmotic demyelination syndrome in Intensive Care Unit.

Dyselectrolytemia, especially hyponatremia is a common occurrence in hospitalized patients, and a number of dreaded complications arise out of the disorder itself and its treatment. Osmotic demyelination syndrome develops secondary to rapid correction of hyponatremia. As the disease is rare and available literature from Intensive Care Units are limited, we report our retrospective observation over 5 years.