myonecrosis in a pediatric patient with a self-reported penicillin allergy.

Infections with are especially rare in pediatric patients. is the most common cause of spontaneous myonecrosis and is usually associated with comorbid malignancy. Treatment of choice for cases of myonecrosis is prompt and thorough surgical debridement and antimicrobial therapy with high dose penicillin.

Polymicrobial lung empyema.

is a well-known cause of enteritis and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Extraintestinal infection is uncommon, with most extraintestinal infections involving the intra-abdominal cavity and anatomic structures adjacent to the colon. Empyema secondary to is especially rare, with only a handful of cases reported in the medical literature.

Hepatitis C direct-acting antiviral outcomes in patients 75 years and older.

Background And Aim: Elderly patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have worse interferon-based treatment outcomes than young patients. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens have enabled the treatment of previously difficult-to-cure populations. There are few studies that specifically assess DAA treatment outcomes in patients over 75 years of age.

A Case of Meningitis and Bacteremia.

species are environmental organisms that are rarely implicated as human pathogens. We present the case of postsurgical bacterial meningitis and an associated bacteremia after debulking surgery for a newly diagnosed pilocytic astrocytoma in a 19-year-old woman. The patient experienced clinical cure with a 4-week course of vancomycin, but her postinfectious course was complicated by the development of a pseudomeningocele that required surgical repair.

An Evaluation of Rapidly Progressive Dementia Culminating in a Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease.

Rapidly progressive dementia is a curious and elusive clinical description of a pattern of cognitive deficits that progresses faster than typical dementia syndromes. The differential diagnosis and clinical workup for rapidly progressive dementia are quite extensive and involve searching for infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune, neoplastic, metabolic, and neurodegenerative causes. We present the case of a previously highly functional 76-year-old individual who presented with a 6-month history of rapidly progressive dementia.

Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy Outcomes in Canadian Chronic Hepatitis C Telemedicine Patients.

Introduction: Many of the 300,000 HCV-infected Canadians live in under-served and remote areas without access to HCV healthcare specialists. Telemedicine (TM) and advances in HCV management can facilitate linkage of these marginalized patients to healthcare.

Materials And Methods: A cohort database analysis was performed on patients followed at The Ottawa Hospital and Regional Viral Hepatitis Program between January 2012 and August 2016.

Transcriptional regulation of the IL-7Rα gene by dexamethasone and IL-7 in primary human CD8 T cells.

Interleukin-7 is essential for the development and maintenance of T cells, and the expression of the IL-7 receptor is tightly regulated at every stage of the T cell's lifespan. In mature CD8 T cells, IL-7 plays important roles in cell survival, peripheral homeostasis, and cytolytic function. The IL-7 receptor alpha-chain (CD127) is expressed at high levels on naïve and memory cells, but it is rapidly downregulated upon IL-7 stimulation.

Distribution of Hepatitis C Risk Factors and HCV Treatment Outcomes among Central Canadian Aboriginal.

Background. Aboriginal Canadians face many lifestyle risk factors for hepatitis C exposure. Methods.

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are induced by IL-7 and target surface CD127 protein for degradation in human CD8 T cells.

Given the essential role interleukin (IL)-7 plays in T-cell survival, homeostasis and function, it is no surprise expression of the IL-7 receptor alpha-chain (CD127) is tightly regulated. We have previously shown IL-7 binding to its receptor on the surface of CD8 T cells leads to both suppression of CD127 gene transcription and loss of existing CD127 protein from the cell membrane. Indeed upon binding IL-7, CD127 is rapidly internalized into early endosomes where phosphorylation by JAK targets the receptor for degradation.

Use of telemedicine technologies in the management of infectious diseases: a review.

Telemedicine technologies are rapidly being integrated into infectious diseases programs with the aim of increasing access to infectious diseases specialty care for isolated populations and reducing costs. We summarize the utility and effectiveness of telemedicine in the evaluation and treatment of infectious diseases patients. The use of telemedicine in the management of acute infectious diseases, chronic hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus, and active pulmonary tuberculosis is considered.