Feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of a pilot exercise physiology group service for older people with type 2 diabetes.

Background And Objectives: Type 2 diabetes affects over half a million older Australians. Australian Medicare group exercise and education interventions can support older adults' diabetes management. However, the feasibility and acceptability of accredited exercise physiologist (AEP)-delivered services are yet to be assessed.

Flavonoid intakes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, adult asthma, and lung function: a cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Background: Given their antioxidative stress, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating effects, flavonoids are hypothesized to play a role in preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma.

Objectives: This cohort study aimed to examine associations between flavonoid intake and COPD, asthma, and lung function.

Methods: Among 119,466 participants of the UK Biobank, median [interquartile range] age of 60 [53, 65] y, we estimated intakes of flavonoids, flavonoid-rich foods, and a flavodiet score from 24-h diet assessments.

Cruciferous vegetables lower blood pressure in adults with mildly elevated blood pressure in a randomized, controlled, crossover trial: the VEgetableS for vaScular hEaLth (VESSEL) study.

Background: Higher cruciferous vegetable intake is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk in observational studies. The pathways involved remain uncertain. We aimed to determine whether cruciferous vegetable intake (active) lowers 24-h brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP; primary outcome) compared to root and squash vegetables (control) in Australian adults with mildly elevated BP (SBP 120-160 mmHg inclusive).

The Health4Life e-health intervention for modifying lifestyle risk behaviours of adolescents: secondary outcomes of a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of a school-based multiple health behaviour change e-health intervention for modifying risk factors for chronic disease (secondary outcomes).

Study Design: Cluster randomised controlled trial.

Setting, Participants: Students (at baseline [2019]: year 7, 11-14 years old) at 71 Australian public, independent, and Catholic schools.

Co-designing a Physical Activity Service for Refugees and Asylum Seekers Using an Experience-Based Co-design Framework.

People from refugee and asylum seeker backgrounds resettling in Australia often experience intersecting risks for poor mental and physical health. Physical activity can promote better health outcomes, however there are limited programs tailored for this population. Therefore, understanding how to support refugees and asylum seekers to engage in physical activity is crucial.

Nonpharmacological approaches for pain and symptoms of depression in people with osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analyses.

People with osteoarthritis often experience pain and depression. These meta-analyses examined and compared nonpharmacological randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for pain and symptoms of depression in people living with osteoarthritis. RCTs published up until April 2022 were sourced by searching electronic databases EMBASE, PUBMED & MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL and PEDro.

Higher Habitual Dietary Intakes of Flavanols and Anthocyanins Differentially Associate with Lower Incidence of Ischemic Stroke Subtypes-A Follow-Up Analysis.

Background: We previously reported that habitual consumption of dietary flavanol oligomers + polymers and anthocyanins is associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke. However, no studies have investigated their relationship with ischemic stroke subtypes.

Objectives: In this follow-up analysis, we aimed to examine the association of flavanol oligomers + polymers and anthocyanin intake with ischemic stroke subtypes, including the following: 1) large-artery atherosclerosis, 2) cardioembolism, 3) small-vessel occlusion, 4) other determined etiology, and 5) undetermined etiology.

Performance of Urinary Phenyl-γ-Valerolactones as Biomarkers of Dietary Flavan-3-ol Exposure.

Background: Phenyl-γ-valerolactones (PVLs) have been identified as biomarkers of dietary flavan-3-ol exposure, although their utility requires further characterization.

Objectives: We investigated the performance of a range of PVLs as biomarkers indicative of flavan-3-ol intake.

Methods: We report the results of 2 companion studies: a 5-way randomized crossover trial (RCT) and an observational cross-sectional study.

Health4Life eHealth intervention to modify multiple lifestyle risk behaviours among adolescent students in Australia: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Background: Lifestyle risk behaviours are prevalent among adolescents and commonly co-occur, but current intervention approaches tend to focus on single risk behaviours. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the eHealth intervention Health4Life in modifying six key lifestyle risk behaviours (ie, alcohol use, tobacco smoking, recreational screen time, physical inactivity, poor diet, and poor sleep, known as the Big 6) among adolescents.

Methods: We conducted a cluster-randomised controlled trial in secondary schools that had a minimum of 30 year 7 students, in three Australian states.

Effect of Brief Counseling by Allied Health Professionals on Step Count of People With Peripheral Artery Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: It is unclear how to effectively promote walking in people with peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Objective: To test whether brief counseling delivered by allied health professionals increases step count in participants with PAD.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this randomized clinical trial, participants with symptomatic PAD were recruited from sites in Australia and randomly allocated 1:1 to the counseling intervention or an attention control.

Neuropsychological assessment with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) individuals: Practice, education, and training survey.

: We sought to describe the LGBTQ + related education, training, and clinical practice of independently licensed neuropsychologists in the United States and to identify factors that predict affirmative neuropsychological practices. We hypothesized that LGBTQ + identity, female gender, more recent training, and extent of LGBTQ + education/training would predict use of LGBTQ + practice guidelines. : A workgroup of clinical psychologists with experience in LGBTQ + psychology and neuropsychology developed a survey to identify personal and professional factors that predict affirmative neuropsychological testing practices.

Higher Habitual Dietary Flavonoid Intake Associates With Less Extensive Abdominal Aortic Calcification in a Cohort of Older Women.

Background: The extent of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is a major predictor of vascular disease events. We have previously found regular apple intake, a major source of dietary flavonoids, associates with lower AAC. Whether total dietary flavonoid intake impacts AAC remains unknown.

Intake of dietary flavonoids and incidence of ischemic heart disease in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort.

Background/objectives: Few studies have investigated the association between dietary flavonoid intake, including all major subclasses, and the long-term risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD). We examined whether dietary flavonoid intake associated with IHD incidence, assessing the possible modifying role of sex and smoking, in participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health study.

Subjects/methods: In a cohort study design, 54,496 adults (46.

Measurement Properties of Smartphone Approaches to Assess Physical Activity in Healthy Young People: Systematic Review.

Background: Physical inactivity is a preventable risk factor for several chronic diseases and one of the driving forces behind the growing global burden of disease. Recent evidence has shown that interventions using mobile smartphone apps can promote a significant increase in physical activity (PA) levels. However, the accuracy and reliability of using apps is unknown.

Parent-based interventions to improve multiple lifestyle risk behaviors among adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Lifestyle risk behaviors often co-occur and are prevalent among adolescents. Parent-based interventions addressing risk behaviors concurrently have the potential to improve youth and parent outcomes. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy of parent-based interventions targeting multiple lifestyle risk behaviors among adolescents and parents.

Baseline imbalance and heterogeneity are present in meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials examining the effects of exercise and medicines for blood pressure management.

Randomized clinical trials attempt to reduce bias and create similar groups at baseline to infer causal effects. In meta-analyses, baseline imbalance may threaten the validity of the treatment effects. This meta-epidemiological study examined baseline imbalance in comparisons of exercise and antihypertensive medicines.

Affirmative neuropsychological practice with transgender and gender diverse individuals and communities.

To provide guidance and resources on how to practice culturally safe and humble neuropsychology with transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals and communities. We gathered a multidisciplinary team of clinicians with relevant professional and/or lived experience to review pertinent literature, discuss important concepts, and identify key resources. From this process, we outline practical steps to advance gender affirmative neuropsychological practice.

Association between non-tea flavonoid intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Australian diabetes, obesity and lifestyle study.

Studies examining the association between flavonoid intake and measures of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, as markers of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) across the adult lifespan, may provide insights into how flavonoids influence T2DM risk. This study examined the cross-sectional associations between flavonoid intakes, from dietary sources other than tea, and biomarkers of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in adults aged 25 years and older participating in the Australian diabetes, obesity and lifestyle (AusDiab) study. Additionally, longitudinal associations between non-tea flavonoid intakes and incident T2DM over 12 years were explored.

Flavonoid intakes inversely associate with COPD in smokers.

Introduction: Higher flavonoid intakes are beneficially associated with pulmonary function parameters; however, their association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown. This study aimed to examine associations between intakes of 1) total flavonoids, 2) flavonoid subclasses and 3) major flavonoid compounds with incident COPD in participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health study.

Methods: This prospective cohort included 55 413 men and women without COPD, aged 50-65 years at recruitment.

Effect of a Fundamental Motor Skills Intervention on Fundamental Motor Skill and Physical Activity in a Preschool Setting: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To determine the effect of a 12-week fundamental motor skill (FMS) program on FMS and physical activity (PA) on preschool-aged children.

Method: A cluster randomized controlled trial. The intervention (PhysicaL ActivitY and Fundamental Motor Skills in Pre-schoolers [PLAYFun] Program) was a 12-week games-based program, delivered directly to the children in childcare centers by exercise physiologists.