Optimization of Novel 2D Material Based SPR Biosensor Using Machine Learning.

Biosensors are needed for today's health monitoring system for detecting different biomolecules. Graphene is a monolayer material that can be utilized to sense biomolecules and design biosensors. We have proposed a Graphene-Gold-Silver hybrid structure design based on Zinc Oxide which gives sensitive performance to detect hemoglobin biomolecules.

Abnormal retinal vessel filling in central retinal artery occlusion.

Clinical Relevance: Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ophthalmic emergency with a poor prognosis. Several initial CRAO presentation factors can influence the final visual outcome. Fluorescein angiography filling of retinal vessels in CRAO has not been studied in great detail.

Vitreomacular interface abnormalities in type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel).

Purpose: To describe the different types of vitreomacular interface abnormalities (VMIA) seen on optical coherence tomography (OCT) in type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel) and explain the possible reasons for its development.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, type 2 MacTel eyes with macular volumetric OCT imaging protocol were included to identify different types of VMIA such as abnormal PVD, vitreomacular traction (VMT), ERM, and lamellar and full-thickness macular hole. The VMIA findings were then correlated with different MacTel disease stages and visual acuity.

Epiretinal membrane formation and optic disc vascularisation in type 2A macular telangiectasia (MacTel).

Purpose: To describe a rare clinical finding of epiretinal membrane (ERM) and abnormal optic disc vascularisation in type 2A macular telangiectasia (MacTel).

Case Description: A 52-year-old asymptomatic healthy male was examined in the retina clinic. In both eyes, corrected visual acuity was 20/20, N6.

Evaluation of baseline optic disc pit and optic disc coloboma maculopathy features by spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe and compare the baseline demographic, ocular, and imaging characteristics of a cohort of patients with optic disc pit (ODP) or optic disc coloboma (ODC) maculopathy.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with ODP or ODC on clinical examination between June 2017 and December 2022. These patients' baseline demographics, ocular characteristics, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging characteristics were analyzed.

Retinal OCT findings in acute central retinal artery occlusion of varying severity at different disease stages - a retrospective, observational study.

Purpose: To study the optical coherence tomography (OCT) changes in eyes with acute central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) of different severity and at different disease stages.

Methods: The study included acute CRAO cases of < 7 days duration, imaged on OCT at various time points. Based on the OCT findings at presentation, cases were classified into three severity groups: mild, moderate, and severe.

Pole-to-pole involvement of varicella zoster virus reactivation following COVID-19 vaccination.

The aim of this study is to report the clinical features, imaging findings including confocal imaging, corneal nerve fiber analysis, and management outcomes in a series of three cases of varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation following one dose of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. This was a retrospective and observational study. All the patients who developed uveitis post-vaccination were pooled together.

REal-world treatment outcomes after delayed intRavitreal therapy in center-involving diabetic macular edema - RETORT study.

Purpose: To compare real-life data on delayed intravitreal treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) patients to early treatment.

Methods: In this single-centre, retrospective, interventional, comparative study, DME patients were divided into two groups based on when they received treatment: Group 1 - received treatment within 24 weeks and Group 2 - at or after 24 weeks from the time of treatment advice. Visual acuity and central subfield thickness (CSFT) changes were compared at various time points.

Post-vitrectomy delayed retinal breaks in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To report a series of cases of post-operative new secondary retinal breaks following vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: This retrospective case series included data of patients diagnosed with post-operative retinal breaks following uneventful vitrectomy surgery for PDR from January 2018 to December 2021.

Results: New post-vitrectomy retinal breaks in PDR were seen in 7% of eyes (n = 10/148 eyes; 10 patients).

Ocular blood vessel arrangement in choroidal coloboma.

Objective: To describe the ocular blood vessel arrangement in choroidal coloboma eyes.

Methods: In this retrospective, observational cross-sectional study, fundus images from 69 coloboma eyes of 45 patients were classified as per Ida Mann's classification. The arrangement and distribution of retinal, choroidal, and episcleral vessels, as well as vortex veins, were observed in non-colobomatous, colobomatous, and extra-colobomatous regions.

Aberrant filling of the retinal vein on fluorescein angiography in branch and hemi-central retinal artery occlusion.

Objective: To study aberrant filling of the retinal vessels on fluorescein angiography (FA) images in patients with branch (BRAO) or hemi-central retinal artery occlusions (hemi-CRAO) and correlate with associated changes on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Cases of acute BRAO or hemi-CRAO having FA and OCT images at presentation between June 2017 to May 2022 were included. Comparisons were made between the cases with and without aberrant filling of the retinal vessel.

Novel double beta-lactam therapy for infective endocarditis.

, a nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS) is a well described organism associated with endocarditis. Previously communicated cases have documented the use of double beta-lactam therapy with ampicillin and ceftriaxone to treat patients with infective endocarditis due to and . We describe the first case of infective endocarditis in a patient successfully treated with the combination of intravenous ampicillin and ceftriaxone and document their synergistic activity.

Dengue fever as a cause of perimyocarditis and low-pressure cardiac tamponade.

We describe a case of dengue shock syndrome, perimyocarditis, and low-pressure cardiac tamponade following a trip to the Caribbean. The case was managed in the critical care unit and 6 weeks after discharge the patient was asymptomatic with a normal ejection fraction. Dengue fever presenting as cardiac tamponade is exceedingly rare and emphasizes the importance of taking a thorough travel history as well as being aware of atypical manifestations of rare diseases to make a correct diagnosis.

The role of percutaneous vacuum-assisted thrombectomy for intracardiac and intravascular pathology.

Vacuum-assisted thrombectomy (VAT) is a mechanical suction device that can be deployed to aspirate thrombi in the heart and vascular system. Successful percutaneous aspiration of iliocaval, right heart, and pulmonary arterial thrombi have been reported, in addition to the debulking of intravascular and intracardiac masses and vegetations. VAT is indicated for patients who are poor surgical candidates and/or have a contraindication to thrombolysis.

Antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy during percutaneous coronary interventions: A review for the interventionalist.

Pharmacotherapy for percutaneous coronary interventions is essential to optimize the balance between thrombosis and bleeding. Currently, choices abound for the selection of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapies during percutaneous intervention (PCI). This review article discusses the mechanisms, pharmacokinetics/dynamics, and clinical data behind the various pharmacotherapies including; aspirin, thienopyridines, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, vorapaxar, heparin, direct thrombin inhibitors, and factor Xa inhibitors.

Congenital Abnormalities of the Pericardium.

Congenital abnormalities of the pericardium are a rare group of disorders that include congenital absence of the pericardium, pericardial cysts, and diverticula. These congenital defects result from alterations in the embryologic formation and structure of the pericardium. Although many cases are incidentally found, they can present as symptomatic, life-threatening disease.

Endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy in children: Our experience.

Introduction: Epiphora affects approximately 20% neonates, but most resolve spontaneously. Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is indicated only when conservative management fails.

Objective: To observe clinical presentation, treatment modalities and effectiveness of endoscopic DCR in paediatric population.

Paediatric endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy using an otology set: How I do it.

Introduction: Endonasal DCR is safely performed in children presenting with persistent epiphora, not responding to conservative management. The surgical technique of endoscopic DCR in the paediatric age group essentially remains the same as that performed in adults, but children have narrower nasal passages and relatively larger inferior turbinates which limit the surgeon's working space. The standard 2.

Intracardiac Echocardiography for Structural Heart and Electrophysiological Interventions.

Purpose Of Review: With an increasing number of interventional procedures performed for structural heart disease and cardiac arrhythmias each year, echocardiographic guidance is necessary for safe and efficient results. The purpose of this review article is to overview the principles of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) and describes the peri-interventional role of ICE in a variety of structural heart disease and electrophysiological interventions.

Recent Findings: Both transthoracic (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography have limitations.

Unusual intrabony transmigration of mandibular canine: case series (report of 4 cases).

Intrabony cross arch migration (transmigration) of impacted teeth is a very rare dental anomaly. Transmigration is commonly seen in permanent dentition of the lower jaw. The tooth most commonly involved is the mandibular canine.

Preoperative three-dimensional echocardiography to assess risk of right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device surgery.

Background: Right ventricular failure (RVF) is associated with significant morbidity after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) surgery. Hemodynamic, clinical, and 2-dimensional echocardiographic variables poorly discriminate patients at risk of RVF. We examined the utility of 3-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) right ventricular (RV) volumetric assessment to identify patients at risk for RVF.

An unusual presentation of peripheral ossifying fibroma in an elderly man.

Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a common solitary gingival overgrowth thought to arise from the gingival corium, periosteum or periodontal ligament. Ossifying fibroma has the propensity to occur in cranial bones, but the peripheral variety shows a close relationship with the periodontal ligament and adjacent alveolar bone. It is more commonly seen in women (predilection of 3:1) and usually at a young age.