Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma of the colon: a case series and literature review.

Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma is rare and only three cases affecting the colon have previously been reported. We describe two further cases that presented in the neonatal period and were both successfully treated with surgical excision and have no evidence of recurrence or metastasis at 31 and 27 months follow-up, respectively.

Comparison of referrals for lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging from physiotherapists, primary care and secondary care: how should referral pathways be optimised?

Objective: To compare sensitivity of pathology on imaging between referrals from primary care, physiotherapists, spinal surgeons and other secondary care providers.

Design And Setting: A retrospective review of 200 consecutive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients' first presentations to radiology for MR lumbar scanning at a tertiary orthopaedic centre. A scan report was defined as positive if there was any evidence of neural compromise.

RP-HPLC and UV Spectrophotometric Methods for Estimation of Pirfenidone in Pharmaceutical Formulations.

High-performance liquid chromatographic and UV spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for the quantitative determination of pirfenidone, a novel antifibrotic agent used in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chromatography was carried out by isocratic technique on a reversed-phase C18 Zorbax Eclipse plus column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile:water (35:65 %v/v) at flow rate of 0.7 ml/min.

Microwave-assisted Cu(I)-catalyzed, three-component synthesis of 2-(4-((1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles.

A microwave-assisted synthesis of 2-(4-((1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles from a phenylazide, propargyloxybenzaldehyde and a 1,2-diaminobenzene is proposed.

Supraspinal stimulation for treatment of refractory pain.

Refractory pain syndromes often have far reaching effects and are quite a challenge for primary care providers and specialists alike to treat. With the help of site-specific neuromodulation and appropriate patient selection these difficult to treat pain syndromes may be managed. In this article, we focus on supraspinal stimulation (SSS) for treatment of intractable pain and discuss off-label uses of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and motor cortex stimulation (MCS) in context to emerging indications in neuromodulation.

ICON 2013: practical consensus recommendations for hormone receptor-positive Her2-negative advanced or metastatic breastcancer.

The management of hormone receptor-positive Her2-negative breast cancer patients with advanced or metastatic disease is a common problem in India and other countries in this region. This expert group used data from published literature, practical experience, and opinion of a large group of academic oncologists, to arrive at practical consensus recommendations for use by the community oncologists.

Comparison of protein acetyltransferase action of CRTAase with the prototypes of HAT.

Our laboratory is credited for the discovery of enzymatic acetylation of protein, a phenomenon unknown till we identified an enzyme termed acetoxy drug: protein transacetylase (TAase), catalyzing the transfer of acetyl group from polyphenolic acetates to receptor proteins (RP). Later, TAase was identified as calreticulin (CR), an endoplasmic reticulum luminal protein. CR was termed calreticulin transacetylase (CRTAase).

Cytotoxic and radio-sensitizing effects of polyphenolic acetates in a human glioma cell line (BMG-1).

Background And Aims: Polyphenolic acetates (PAs) have antioxidant/ pro-oxidant properties and can also acetylate proteins (enzymes) by a novel acetoxy drug: calreticulin transacetylase acetylation system. While PAs have been investigated as pharmacological agents for the treatment of various diseases, their potential as anti-cancer agents or their efficacy as an adjuvant in anti-cancer therapeutics remains to be explored. In the present study we investigated the cytotoxic and radio-sensitizing effects of 7, 8- diacetoxy-4-methyl coumarin (DAMC) and 7- acetoxy-4-methyl coumarin (7-AMC) in a human glioma cell line (BMG-1).

Sensitive and robust methods for simultaneous determination of beclomethasone dipropionate and formoterol fumarate dihydrate in rotacaps.

Fixed dose combination containing beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and formoterol fumarate dihydrate (FFD) is used in the treatment of asthma in form of dry powder inhaler. Two methods are described for the simultaneous determination of BDP and FFD in commercial rotacap formulation. The first method was based on HPTLC separation of the two drugs followed by densitometric measurements of their spots at 220 nm.

Chemometrics-Assisted UV Spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC Methods for the Simultaneous Determination of Tolperisone Hydrochloride and Diclofenac Sodium in their Combined Pharmaceutical Formulation.

Chemometrics-assisted UV spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC methods are presented for the simultaneous determination of tolperisone hydrochloride (TOL) and diclofenac sodium (DIC) from their combined pharmaceutical dosage form. Chemometric methods are based on principal component regression and partial least-square regression models. Two sets of standard mixtures, calibration sets, and validation sets were prepared.

Novozym 435-catalyzed syntheses of polyesters and polyamides of medicinal and industrial relevance.

The adverse impact of chemical and biochemical waste on the environment and human health poses a serious challenge in today's World. The best way to address these challenges is to reduce the waste by developing more efficient processes and technologies, based on the principles of "green chemistry". Some of these synthetic approaches involving the chemoenzymatic synthetic methodologies are discussed herein.

4-Methylcoumarin derivatives with anti-inflammatory effects in activated microglial cells.

Inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and anti-inflammatory compounds may have a role in prevention or treatment of these pathologies. 4-Methylcoumarins are effective antioxidants with anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, the inhibitory effects of two 4-methylcoumarin derivatives, 7,8-dihydroxy-3-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-4-methylcoumarin (DHEMC) and 7,8-diacetoxy-3-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-4-methylcoumarin (DAEMC) were examined on the inflammatory processes induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in activated primary rat microglial cultures.

Post-Ugi gold-catalyzed diastereoselective domino cyclization for the synthesis of diversely substituted spiroindolines.

An Ugi four-component reaction of propargylamine with 3-formylindole and various acids and isonitriles produces adducts which are subjected to a cationic gold-catalyzed diastereoselective domino cyclization to furnish diversely substituted spiroindolines. All the reactions run via an exo-dig attack in the hydroarylation step followed by an intramolecular diastereoselective trapping of the imminium ion. The whole sequence is atom economic and the application of a multicomponent reaction assures diversity.

Calreticulin transacetylase mediated upregulation of thioredoxin by 7,8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin enhances the antioxidant potential and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Extensive research carried out in our group on polyphenolic acetates (PAs) substantiated the potential role of PAs in causing diverse biological and pharmacological actions. Our earlier investigations firmly established the calreticulin transacetylase (CRTAase) catalyzed activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by PAs. In this report, we have studied the effect of 7,8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin (DAMC, a model PA) and other acetoxy coumarins on the thioredoxin and VEGF expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), with a view to substantiate our earlier observation that DAMC was a superb inducer of angiogenesis.

Chick heart invasion assay.

Tumors are microecosystems in which a continuous cross talk between cancer cells and host cells decides on the invasive behavior of the tumor cell population as a whole (Mareel et al., Encyclopedia of cancer, San Diego, CA, Academic Press, 1997). Both compartments secrete activating and inhibitory factors that modulate activities such as cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction, cell-cell adhesion, remodeling of the ECM, and cell motility.

3D-QSAR analysis of TRPV1 inhibitors reveals a pharmacophore applicable to diverse scaffolds and clinical candidates.

TRPV1 (Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1) receptor, a member of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid subfamily of ion channels, occurs in the peripheral and central nervous system, and plays a key role in transmission of pain. Consequently, this has been the target for discovery of several pain relieving agents which have undergone clinical trials. Though several TRPV1 antagonists have progressed to become clinical candidates, many are known to cause temperature elevation in humans, halting their further advancement, and signifying the need for new chemotypes.

Sentinel node biopsy versus low axillary sampling in women with clinically node negative operable breast cancer.

Background: Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) was initially conceived as excision of the first station axillary lymph node(s) (LN) identified by radioactive and/or blue dye uptake. The definition was subsequently enlarged to also include palpable lymph nodes in the vicinity of sentinel node(s) (SN). We reasoned that the excision of this combination of nodes might be best achieved by sampling the lower axilla.

Switching the regioselectivity via indium(III) and gold(I) catalysis: a post-Ugi intramolecular hydroarylation to azepino- and azocino-[c,d]indolones.

A post-Ugi indium(III)- and gold(I)-mediated regioselective intramolecular hydroarylation for the synthesis of azepino- and azocino-[c,d]indolones is described.

The first multituberculate mammal from India.

Mesozoic deposits of the former Gondwanaland are depauperate in early mammals, in general, and multituberculate mammals, in particular. Until now, the oldest multituberculate mammals known from the Gondwanan continents come from the Early Cretaceous of Morocco, NW Africa. Here, we report the presence of a new multituberculate mammal, Indobaatar zofiae gen.

An expedient route to imidazo[1,4]diazepin-7-ones via a post-Ugi gold-catalyzed heteroannulation.

A novel diversity-oriented post-Ugi/gold(I)-catalyzed heteroannulation process for the synthesis of imidazo[1,4]diazepin-7-ones is elaborated. The scope and limitations of the protocol are discussed.

A Case of Neurological Symptoms and Severe Urinary Retention on a Pediatric Ward: Is this Conversion Disorder?

Objective: a) To illustrate the etiological role of sexual and physical abuse in the development of childhood conversion disorder b) to highlight the importance of collaborative care in cases of conversion disorder c) to identify particular areas or needs for future research in the topic.

Method: We discuss the case of a fifteen-year old girl who was admitted to pediatrics with medically unexplained neurological complaints, chiefly urinary retention. Psychiatry was consulted after all organic work up was completed.

Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis reveals association between sodium iodide symporter and estrogen receptor expression in breast cancer.

Background: Human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) gene over-expression is under active consideration worldwide as an alternative target molecule for breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and targeted radio-iodine treatment. However, the field demands better stratified analysis of endogenous hNIS expression across major BC subtypes. Therefore, we have analyzed subtype-specific variation of hNIS overexpression in breast tumor tissue samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and also report the development of a homogeneous, quantitative analysis method of digital IHC images.

Ethyl 3',4',5'-trimethoxythionocinnamate modulates NF-κB and Nrf2 transcription factors.

Recently, we identified a novel cinnamate analog, ethyl 3',4',5'-trimethoxythionocinnamate (ETMTC) as a potent inhibitor of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin. However, its mechanism of action has not been elucidated so far. Since, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is the major transcription factor involved in the regulation of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression, we determined the status of NF-κB activation in ETMTC treated human endothelial cells.

Selective biocatalytic acylation studies on 5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxytrityl)-2',3'-secouridine: an efficient synthesis of UNA monomer.

Lipozyme(®) TL IM (Theremomyces lanuginosus lipase immobilized on silica) in toluene catalyzes the acylation of the 2'-OH over the 3'-OH group in 5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxytrityl)-2',3'-secouridine (5'-O-DMT-2',3'-secouridine) in a highly selective fashion in moderate to almost quantitative yields. The turn over during benzoyl transfer reactions mediated by vinyl benzoate or benzoic anhydride was faster than in acyl transfer reactions with vinyl acetate or C(1) to C(5) acid anhydrides; except in the case of butanoic anhydride. The 2'-O-benzoyl-5'-O-DMT-2',3'-secouridine obtained by Lipozyme(®) TL IM catalyzed benzoylation of 5'-O-DMT-2',3'-secouridine was successfully converted into its 3'-O-phosphoramidite derivative in satisfactory yield, which is a building block for the preparation of oligonucleotides containing the uracil monomer of UNA (unlocked nucleic acid).

Comparative specificities of Calreticulin Transacetylase to O-acetyl, N-acetyl and S-acetyl derivative of 4-methylcoumarins and their inhibitory effect on AFB1-induced genotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.

We have earlier conclusively established the Calreticulin Transacetylase (CRTAase) catalyzed modifications of functional proteins such as cytochrome-P450-linked mixed function oxidases (Cyt-P450-linked MFOs), NADPH cytochrome c reductase, and glutathione S-transferase by acetoxy derivatives of polyphenols. In this study, we have investigated the comparative specificities of CRTAase to N-acetyl derivative, 7-acetamido-4-methylcoumarin (7-N-AMC), O-acetyl derivative, 7-acetoxy-4-methylcoumarin (7-AMC), S-acetyl derivative, 7-thioacetyl-4-methycoumarin (7-S-AMC) and their parent compounds in the modulation of catalytic activities of aforesaid proteins. Special attention concentrated on the comparative inhibitory effect of aforesaid acetyl moiety on Cyt-P450-linked MFOs such as 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (PROD) and aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1))-induced genotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.