Efficacy and Complications of Fixator-Assisted Correction with Internal Fixation in the Genu Valgum.

Background And Purpose: Two basic methods for genu valgum correction are osteotomy and internal fixation or external fixator assited correction. External fixators have the advantage of stabilizing fragments before osteotomy allowing better control of fragments and preventing secondary displacements. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and complications of fixator assisted correction for genu valgum and internal fixation, using the AO distal femur pediatric osteotomy plate.

Reliability of Radiologic Classifications of Sequelae of Septic Arthritis of the Hip in Children.

Objective: To the best of our knowledge, there is no study comparing the inter and intraobserver reliability of current classifications for postseptic hip sequelae in children. The current study aims to assess the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of four current classifications and identify hips that could not be classified in each classification system.

Methods: The hip radiographs of 148 consecutive children with sequelae of sepsis of the hip from 2 centers were assessed after a minimum of 2 years of follow-up after sepsis.

Comparison of clinical with CT based evaluation for tibial torsion.

Purpose: Tibial torsion is important to be factored in during calculations of angular deformities of the lower extremity. Three methods are commonly used, thigh foot angle, measurement of transmalleolar axis with proximal tibia or knee as a reference, and Computerized tomography. The purpose of the current study was to find out the effectiveness of clinical methods and compare CT based method for tibial torsion.

Peroneal Nerve Dysfunction in Patients with Clubfoot Deformity: Evaluation of Clinical Presentation and Treatment.

Backgroud: Complete peroneal nerve dysfunction associated with congenital clubfoot is uncommonly reported. Our retrospective study highlights the recognition of clinical presentation and mid-term outcomes of treatment in these patients.

Methods: Eight out of 658 patients undergoing treatment for clubfoot were identified with unilateral complete peroneal nerve dysfunction associated with congenital clubfoot.

Reliability of 3 Radiologic Classifications for the Severity of the Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Children Older Than 4 Years.

Background: Tonnis, International Hip Dysplasia Institute (IHDI), and lateral metaphyseal height (LMH) are commonly used classifications for grading the severity of the developmental dysplasia of the hip. The reliability of these classifications is not widely studied in older children. The aim of the study was to evaluate the reliability of these 3 radiologic classifications in children older than 4 years and compared with children younger than 4 years and evaluate the cases with varied inter-rater reliability.

Epidemiologic characteristics and pre-hospital care of traumatic injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic in an emerging and developing country: A single tertiary centre experience.

Background: Pre-hospital care has been shown to reduce the mortality in trauma patients. The present study is an attempt to identify the status of pre-hospital orthopaedic trauma care in developing countries during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out in a tertiary care setup from March 25th 2020 to January 31st 2021.

The spectrum of tibial pseudarthrosis with constriction band syndrome in children.

Constriction band syndrome (CBS) may be rarely associated with pseudarthrosis of tibia. Published literature includes only case reports. We evaluated the outcome of children with frank pseudarthrosis of the tibia with CBS and compared our results with other reported cases.

Predictive ability of scoring systems towards casting in treatment of idiopathic clubfoot by the Ponseti method in infants.

A prospective study to find a correlation between the severity of clubfoot and the number of casts required for the correction was conducted. The relationship of early relapse with the severity of the deformity was also studied. A total of 42 infants (61 feet) with primary and idiopathic clubfeet were included in the study.

Comparing the Role of Different Treatment Modalities for Plantar Fasciitis: A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Although many treatment modalities including rest, stretching, strengthening, change of shoes, arch supports, orthotics, night splints and anti-inflammatory agents have been advocated for plantar fasciitis, there is no report in the literature which compares the independent effectiveness of each treatment modality without the concomitant use of any other one.

Methods: A double blind, randomized controlled study was undertaken where 140 patients of plantar fasciitis were divided into four groups with 35 patients each. Patients in four groups received analgesics, hot water fomentation and silicon heel pads, plantar fascia stretching and calf stretching exercises, respectively.

Angular deformities of lower limb in children: Correction for whom, when and how?

Angular deformities are common presentations in childhood and adolescent age group. It is important to differentiate a true deformity from a physiological deformity, this requires measurement of the intercondylar and intermalleolar distance. Once a true deformity is diagnosed, the apex of the deformity requires to be established.

Malunited lateral condyle fracture of humerus with elbow dislocation: a diagnostic dilemma.

Fracture of lateral condyle with dislocation of the elbow joint is rare in pediatric age. Diagnosis and management of these injuries could be a challenge. Delayed presentation of such injuries could be mistaken for a malunited supracondylar fracture of the humerus and treatment of these injuries remains controversial.

A study of normal foot abduction across various age groups in children.

Introduction: The relapse rate after Ponseti method of correction has reduced in recent years which is attributable to the better appreciation of the need to achieve the correct degree of abduction. Ponseti recommended clinical 'overcorrection' of the foot to 70 of abduction. However, no scientific basis for this figure was found in literature.

Distal Femur Locking Plate: The Answer to All Distal Femoral Fractures.

Introduction: Good results have been published by researchers with distal femur nail, dynamic condylar screw and even addition of a medial plate to a distal femur locking plate for treating distal femur fractures. By this study, we explore the capability of a distal femur locking plate to counter distal femur fractures of extra- articular, partial or intra- articular nature. Positive results have been published by various groups from all over the world.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Hamstring Tendon Autograft With Preserved Insertions.

We present a technique for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft with preserved tibial insertions. The tendons, harvested with an open-ended tendon stripper while their tibial insertions are preserved, are looped around to prepare a quadrupled graft. The femoral tunnel is drilled independently through a transportal technique, whereas the tibial tunnel is drilled in a standard manner.

Pediatric displaced radial neck fractures: retrospective results of a modified Metaizeau technique.

Treatment of displaced radial neck fractures is challenging and controversial, as the risk of unsatisfactory outcome increases after operative as well non-operative treatment. Between 2004 and 2012, we treated 14 children with type IV fracture of radial neck with mean angulation of 72.8°, using the modified Metaizeau technique.

Nonunion of paediatric talar neck fracture.

Fractures of the paediatric talus are infrequent injuries, most complicated by posttraumatic arthrosis and avascular necrosis in the course of treatment. Nonunion in children has not been reported before in literature. We report a case of a 12-year-old boy who had a nonunion of Hawkins type II fracture of talar neck.

Ilizarov in relapsed clubfoot: a necessary evil?

This study aims to retrospectively evaluate the results of soft tissue distraction using Ilizarov in relapsed clubfeet following a previous posteromedial soft tissue release. This study, as compared with previous studies, has a cohort of patients with relapsed clubfeet only following posteromedial soft tissue release. Fifteen patients (16 feet) were assessed using the International Clubfoot Study Group score and plantigrade foot was achieved in all except one patient who had equinus deformity.

Sprengel's shoulder treated by the Woodward procedure: analysis of factors affecting functional and cosmetic outcome.

Purpose: To report the functional and cosmetic results of cases with Sprengel's shoulder who underwent the Woodward procedure.

Materials And Methods: Twelve children were operated at a mean age of 5.58 years and reviewed at an average follow up of 31.

Pucker sign in proximal humeral fractures: implications on management.

Fracture of the surgical neck of humerus in young patients is a relatively rare injury. We reviewed the available material on the topic and identified puckering at the shoulder in high-energy fracture of the surgical neck as a finding which has been reported infrequently but signifies a need for open reduction. We present a review of the literature on the subject and our similar experience in two young males who had puckering and ecchymosis at the shoulder.

Congenital dislocation of patella with ipsilateral hip flexion-abduction deformity: a case report.

Iliotibial band tightness and its abnormal insertion on patella is one of the contributing factors in congenital dislocation of patella. Although hip flexion-abduction deformity is caused by a tight iliotibial band, as frequently seen in postpolio residual paralysis, an association of hip flexion-abduction deformity with congenital dislocation of patella has never been reported previously. Such a case was presented to us, and surgical repositioning of the patella was carried out by means of release of the tight iliotibial band from the patella besides other tight lateral structures along with medial augmentation and distal realignment of the quadriceps mechanism.