Who feels safe calling 911: are prior experiences of anti-Black racial discrimination associated with hesitancy seeking emergency medical services in the event of accidental drug overdose? - a study protocol.

Background: Racial discrimination is associated with health disparities among Black Americans, a group that has experienced an increase in rates of fatal drug overdose. Prior research has found that racial discrimination in the medical setting may be a barrier to addiction treatment. Nevertheless, it is unknown how experiences of racial discrimination might impact engagement with emergency medical services for accidental drug overdose.

Fibromyalgia is associated with increased odds of prior pain-precipitated relapse among non-treatment-seeking individuals with opioid use disorder.

Background/objectives: Chronic pain is an opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment barrier and associated with poor outcomes in OUD treatment including relapse. Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain condition related to central nervous system substrates that overlap with the brain disease model of OUD. We know of no studies that have looked at non-treatment seeking individuals, to see if fibromyalgia might represent a barrier to OUD treatment.

Pain and its Perceived Relatedness to the Onset, Maintenance, and Relapse of Opioid use Disorder: A Descriptive Study of Non-Treatment-Seeking Individuals.

Background: Previous research has found chronic pain to be prevalent among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). The perception that pain is related to OUD onset, maintenance, relapse, and treatment delay has been noted in this population. However, prior works primarily involved treatment-engaged populations.

Withdrawal catastrophizing scale: initial psychometric properties and implications for the study of opioid use disorder and hyperkatifeia.

Discovery of modifiable factors influencing subjective withdrawal experience might advance opioid use disorder (OUD) research and precision treatment. This study explores one factor - withdrawal catastrophizing - a negative cognitive and emotional orientation toward withdrawal characterized by excessive fear, worry or inability to divert attention from withdrawal symptoms. We define a novel concept - withdrawal catastrophizing - and present an initial evaluation of the Withdrawal Catastrophizing Scale (WCS).

Nociplastic Pain and Pain-Motivated Drinking in Alcohol Use Disorder.

Heavy chronic alcohol use may produce pain amplification through neurochemical and neuroplastic changes at multiple levels of the nervous system. Similar changes are thought to underlie nociplastic pain. The American College of Rheumatology Fibromyalgia Survey has been used as a surrogate for nociplastic pain, including among individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD).

The Perceived Role of Withdrawal in Maintaining Opioid Addiction among Adults with Untreated Opioid Use Disorder: A Survey of Syringe Exchange Program Participants.

Withdrawal is believed to play a central role in the brain disease model of addiction. However, little research describes withdrawal-motives among untreated individuals in community settings. This cross-sectional study surveyed syringe exchange program participants ( = 139) with untreated opioid use disorder (OUD) in Columbus, Ohio from January 10th to March 25th, 2023, to assess their perceptions of the role of withdrawal in OUD maintenance, treatment delay, and OUD's refractoriness to buprenorphine.

Central sensitization in alcohol use disorder: correlates of pain, addiction and health-related quality of life.

Background: Central sensitization is an important mechanism underlying many chronic pain conditions. Chronic pain and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are highly comorbid. Despite great scientific interest in brain mechanisms linking chronic pain and AUD, progress has been impeded by difficulty assessing central sensitization in AUD.

Years of life lost due to unintentional drug overdose among perinatal individuals in the United States.

Background: The United States has one of the highest maternal mortality rates of developing countries, but the contribution of perinatal drug overdose is not known. Communities of color also have higher rates of maternal morbidity and mortality when compared to White communities, however the contribution due to overdose has not yet been examined in this population.

Objectives: To quantify the years of life lost due to unintentional overdose in perinatal individuals from 2010 to 2019 and assess for disparity by race.

Fibromyalgia predicts increased odds of pain-related addiction exacerbation among individuals with pain and opioid use disorder.

Fibromyalgia and opioid use disorder (OUD) are highly impactful chronic illnesses with substantially overlapping psychosocial, biological, and clinical features. Little previous research has examined interactions between fibromyalgia and OUD. Limiting such research has been the previous requirement of a clinical examination to diagnose fibromyalgia.

Years of life lost due to unintentional drug overdose relative to the leading underlying causes of death in the United States: a comparative analysis of excess mortality 2017-2019.

The present study aims to compare Years of Life Lost for unintentional drug overdose and the leading underlying causes of death in the United States annually from 2017 to 2019. Years of Life Lost provide valuable context to incident deaths when comparing the relative mortality burden of underlying causes of death. Prior research has shown unintentional drug overdose was the third leading cause of Years of Life Lost in the state of Ohio in 2017.

Unintentional Drug Overdose Mortality in Years of Life Lost Among Adolescents and Young People in the US From 2015 to 2019.

This cross-sectional study assesses the mortality among adolescents and young people in the US from 2015 to 2019 in years of life lost from unintentional drug overdose.