PCV3 in Thailand: Molecular epidemiology and relationship with PCV2.

Porcine circovirus type 3 has been circulating throughout the world and since their first report, various clinical signs and disease developments have been documented. The virus is similar to the closely related PCV2 and is associated with several clinical signs called porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD). PCV2 or PCV3 is occasionally reported with clinical signs such as PDNS, respiratory signs and reproductive failure.

Antimicrobial resistance profiles of from swine farms using different antimicrobials and management systems.

Background And Aim: The emerging of antimicrobial-resistant foodborne bacteria is a serious public health concern worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the association between farm management systems and antimicrobial resistance profiles of isolated from conventional swine farms and natural farms. isolates were evaluated for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 17 antimicrobials, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enzymes, and plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant genes.

Association between the use of colistin for short-term treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections and the emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in swine from selected swine farms in Thailand.

Long-term use of colistin for preventing Gram-negative bacterial infections in food animals was prohibited in Thailand in 2017, but it is permitted for short-term treatment. This study aimed to investigate association between the use of colistin for short-term treatment of infection and the emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in swine. The current study was conducted at 2 selected swine farms in Thailand.

The retrospective identification and molecular epidemiology of porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) in swine in Thailand from 2006 to 2017.

Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) has recently been detected in pigs worldwide, with similar clinical manifestations to porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) from porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection. Here, we report the identification and molecular epidemiology of PCV3 in swine in Thailand from clinical samples retrieved from 2006 to 2017. The epidemiological data revealed co-infection with PCV2, PRRSV, and PCV2/PRRSV was common in our samples.

Oral fluid samples used for PRRSV acclimatization program and sow performance monitoring in endemic PRRS-positive farms.

An effective gilt acclimatization program is one of the most important management strategies for controlling porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. Recently, oral fluid samples have been used as alternative diagnostic samples for various swine diseases. This study utilized oral fluids for PRRSV monitoring during the gilt acclimatization period in PRRSV endemic farms.

Genetic diversity of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in Thailand during 2009-2015.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), the essential cause of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD), has evolved rapidly and it has been reported worldwide. However, genetic information of PCV2 in Thailand has not been available since 2011. Herein, we studied occurrence and genetic diversity of PCV2 in Thailand and their relationships to the global PCV2 based on ORF2 sequences.

Genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 in piglets from PMWS-affected and -negative farms in Thailand.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the major swine pathogen associated with Porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) including post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Currently, there are 4 subtypes of PCV2 (PCV2a, b, c and d) and some epidemiological evidences demonstrated that virulence of PCV2 may relate to its subtypes. Recently, PMWS was observed more frequently in swine farms in Thailand; however, the information regarding to PCV2 subtype involved was limited.

Chinese-like strain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, Thailand.

Since late 2007, several outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection have emerged in Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis places all Thai PEDV isolates during the outbreaks in the same clade as the Chinese strain JS-2004-2. This new genotype PEDV is prevailing and currently causing sporadic outbreaks in Thailand.

Occurrence of swine influenza virus infection in swine with porcine respiratory disease complex.

We studied the occurrence of swine influenza virus (SIV) infection in piglets with respiratory symptoms resembling porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). A total of 106 samples including nasal swab and lung suspension from sick piglets were collected from 30 farms of medium size in the central and eastern parts of Thailand from August 2006 to February 2007. Samples were inoculated onto Mardin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells and SIV infection was confirmed by immunofluorescent assay (IFA) and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) specific for M gene.