Meningococcal Vaccination Rates Among People With a New Diagnosis of HIV Infection in the US.

Importance: In the United States, individuals with HIV infection have been recommended to receive a 2-dose series of the meningococcal A, C, W, Y (MenACWY) vaccine since 2016 owing to their increased risk of meningococcal disease.

Objective: To examine uptake and time to receipt of the MenACWY vaccine among people with a new diagnosis of HIV.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used health insurance data from the US Optum Research Database from January 1, 2016, through March 31, 2018, to retrospectively identify 1208 individuals aged 2 years or older with 1 or more inpatient claim or 2 or more outpatient claims evidencing a new diagnosis of HIV infection and with continuous insurance enrollment for 12 or more months before and 6 or more months after diagnosis.

Low Meningococcal Vaccination Rates Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Complement Component Deficiencies in the United States.

Meningococcal vaccination is recommended for patients with complement component deficiencies (CDs) in the United States. In this retrospective database study, only 4.6% and 2.

Meningococcal vaccination in patients with newly diagnosed asplenia in the United States.

Background: Patients with asplenia are recommended to receive meningococcal ACWY (MenACWY) and B (MenB) vaccines in the United States (US).

Objectives: To examine uptake and time to receipt of meningococcal vaccines in newly diagnosed asplenia patients, and identify factors associated with vaccination.

Methods: For this retrospective database analysis, patients were identified from 1/1/2010 (MenACWY) or 1/1/2015 (MenB) through 3/31/2018 from an administrative claims database including commercially insured US patients with ≥1 inpatient or ≥2 outpatient claims with evidence of a new asplenia diagnosis (sickle cell disease was excluded); continuous enrollment for ≥12 months before and ≥6 months after the index date; and age ≥2 (MenACWY) or ≥10 (MenB) years.

Hepatitis A, B, and A/B vaccination series completion among US adults: A claims-based analysis.

Hepatitis A and B disease burden persists in the US. We assessed hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccination series completion rates among 350,240 commercial/Medicare and 12,599 Medicaid enrollees aged ≥19 years. A vaccination series was considered as completed provided that the minimum interval between doses, as defined by the CDC, and the minimum number of doses were reached.

Warfarin-antibiotic interactions in older adults of an outpatient anticoagulation clinic.

Background: Several classes of drugs, such as antibiotics, may interact with warfarin to cause an increase in warfarins anticoagulant activity and the clinical relevance of warfarin-antibiotic interactions in older adults is not clear.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of oral antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, azithromycin, cephalexin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin, on the international normalized ratio (INR) in patients ≥65 years on stable warfarin therapy. The secondary objective was to compare the effect of warfarin-antibiotic interactions on outcomes of overanticoagulation.

Warfarin use in nursing home residents: results from the 2004 national nursing home survey.

Background: Practice guidelines recommend anticoagulation therapy with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Despite this, warfarin is underused in older adults.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of AF in nursing home (NH) residents and the use of warfarin or other antiplatelet medications in NH residents with AF who have indications for and no contraindications against warfarin use.