Evaluation of GPT-4 ability to identify and generate patient instructions for actionable incidental radiology findings.

Objectives: To evaluate the proficiency of a HIPAA-compliant version of GPT-4 in identifying actionable, incidental findings from unstructured radiology reports of Emergency Department patients. To assess appropriateness of artificial intelligence (AI)-generated, patient-facing summaries of these findings.

Materials And Methods: Radiology reports extracted from the electronic health record of a large academic medical center were manually reviewed to identify non-emergent, incidental findings with high likelihood of requiring follow-up, further sub-stratified as "definitely actionable" (DA) or "possibly actionable-clinical correlation" (PA-CC).

Effects of Spatiotemporal Constraints and Age on the Interactions of Soccer Players when Competing for Ball Possession.

Although there are several descriptions of interpersonal coordination in soccer teams, little is known about how such coordination is influenced by space and time constraints. In this study, we analyzed variations in interpersonal coordination under different marking intensities and across different age groups. Marking intensity was manipulated by changing the players' game space and time of ball possession in a conditioned soccer game known as .

Leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin in the metabolic adjustment to burn injury in children.

Objective: Leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin have diverse roles in the control of inflammation and metabolism in a normal state as well as in a chronic disease state. The aim of this study was to evaluate their role in the extreme metabolic and proinflammatory state after burn injury and during the initial weeks of recovery.

Methods: A prospective descriptive study in a tertiary care center was undertaken.

Postoperative adiponectin levels in pediatric patients undergoing open heart surgery.

Background: Adipose tissue is an important endocrine organ that secretes cytokines, including adiponectin, levels of which are negatively correlated with the severity of the inflammatory process. Aim. To assess the time course of adiponectin levels following open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and its correlation with early postoperative outcomes.

Leptin locally synthesized in carotid atherosclerotic plaques could be associated with lesion instability and cerebral emboli.

Background: Unstable carotid plaques cause cerebral emboli. Leptin promotes atherosclerosis and vessel wall remodeling. We hypothesized that carotid atherosclerotic lesion instability is associated with local leptin synthesis.

Evaluation of leptin levels among fibromyalgia patients before and after three months of treatment, in comparison with healthy controls.

Background: Leptin, an adipocyte-produced cytokine, interacts with various hormones, including those of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by widespread pain accompanied by tenderness. The pathogenesis involves a disturbance in pain processing and transmission by the central nervous system, leading to a general increase in pain perception.

Cord blood adiponectin and infant growth at one year.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between cord blood adiponectin and leptin and early infant growth at one year in small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants.

Study Design: In this prospective study adiponectin and leptin concentrations were determined in cord blood of (i) AGA newborns (n = 44) and (ii) SGA newborns (n = 24). At one year of age, height and weight were measured.

Insulin sensitivity in late gestation and early postpartum period: the role of circulating maternal adipokines.

Objective: Early postpartum period is characterised by a dramatic decrease in insulin resistance and significant metabolic alterations. The aims of this study were to determine the changes in circulating maternal concentrations of total adiponectin, adiponectin multimers, leptin and resistin before and after the delivery and to explore their relationship with insulin sensitivity.

Methods: Twenty-seven normal pregnant women at term were included in this longitudinal study.

Serologic bone markers for predicting development of osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients receiving bisphosphonates.

Purpose: Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a well-documented side effect of bisphosphonate (BP) use. Attempts have recently been made to predict the development of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). We prospectively investigated the predictive value of serum levels of C-terminal telopeptide of collagen I (CTX), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone for the development of BRONJ.

Leptin and the post-operative inflammatory response. More insights into the correlation with the clinical course and glucocorticoid administration.

Background: Cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes a systemic inflammatory process which can lead to multiple organ failure and postoperative morbidity. Recent animal and human studies suggested a possible involvement of leptin in the systemic inflammatory response.

Aim: To characterize the response of leptin to open heart surgery (OHS) and the relationship between the time course of leptin levels and the post-operative clinical course, and to examine the effect of exogenous glucocorticoids.

Total and high molecular weight adiponectin are elevated in patients with Laron syndrome despite marked obesity.

Objective: Patients with Laron syndrome (LS; primary GH insensitivity) caused by molecular defects of the GH receptor gene, are characterized by dwarfism, profound obesity, and hyperlipidemia. The aim of the current study was to evaluate adiponectin levels in LS, as obesity is known to be associated with low adiponectin.

Design And Methods: We studied nine untreated LS adult patients (5 males, 4 females) and six girls with LS receiving once-daily treatment by IGF1.

Maternal depression and anxiety across the postpartum year and infant social engagement, fear regulation, and stress reactivity.

Objective: To examine the effects of maternal depression on infant social engagement, fear regulation, and cortisol reactivity as compared with maternal anxiety disorders and controls and to assess the role of maternal sensitivity in moderating the relations between maternal depression and infant outcome.

Method: Using an extreme-case design, 971 women reported symptoms of anxiety and depression after childbirth and 215 of those at the high and low ends were reevaluated at 6 months. At 9 months, mothers diagnosed with a major depressive disorder (n = 22) and anxiety disorders (n = 19) and matched controls reporting no symptoms across the postpartum year (n = 59) were visited at home.

Patterns and prognostic value of troponin, interleukin-6, and leptin after pediatric open-heart surgery.

Purpose: Leptin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are inversely correlated and associated with decreased survival in critically ill patients. We investigated changes in leptin, IL-6, and troponin in children undergoing open-heart surgery, hypothesizing that IL-6 and troponin will increase after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and will be negatively correlated with leptin.

Patients And Methods: Serial blood samples were collected from 21 patients 24 hours before and up to 48 hours after surgery.

Adiponectin levels in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective: To determine serum adiponectin concentrations in adolescent girls with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to assess possible correlations of adiponectin levels with insulin and androgen levels.

Design: Prospective case-control study.

Setting: Endocrine clinics in the community.

Adiponectin and leptin concentrations in dichorionic twins with discordant and concordant growth.

Context: Discordant twin gestation, in which one fetus is growth restricted, is a unique model that can elucidate the mechanism(s) by which the intrauterine environment affects fetal growth.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the cord blood adiponectin and leptin concentrations and evaluate their association with birth weight in dichorionic twins, with and without growth discordance. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: In this cross-sectional study, arterial cord blood adiponectin and leptin concentrations were determined in two groups of newborns: 1) discordant twins, in which one of the twins is growth restricted (small for gestation age and abnormal umbilical arteries Doppler) and the other is appropriate for gestation age (AGA) (n = 14 pairs); and 2) concordant twins, in which both twins are AGA (n = 15 pairs).

Antipsychotics and hyperprolactinaemia: clinical recommendations.

A group of international experts in psychiatry, medicine, toxicology and pharmacy assembled to undertake a critical examination of the currently available clinical guidance on hyperprolactinaemia. This paper summarises the group's collective views and provides a summary of the recommendations agreed by the consensus group to assist clinicians in the recognition, clinical assessment, investigation and management of elevated plasma prolactin levels in patients being treated for severe mental illness. It also deals with the special problems of particular populations, gives advice about information that should be provided to patients, and suggests a strategy for routine monitoring of prolactin.

Determining the source of fetal adiponectin.

Objective: To determine whether maternal, placental or fetal compartment contributes to the high levels of cord blood adiponectin.

Study Design: Serum adiponectin levels were compared from 62 newborns and their mothers as well as 32 newborns at delivery and 4 days postpartum. In addition, human placental tissues were tested for the presence of adiponectin mRNA by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.

Acute psychotic stress is associated with decreased adiponectin serum levels.

Objective: To determine the effect of acute psychotic stress on adipokine secretion in non-diabetic subjects.

Research Design And Methods: Adiponectin, leptin, and cortisol serum levels were determined in 39 non-diabetic patients with acute psychotic stress reaction admitted to a psychiatric ward. The clinical global impression (CGI) score was used to evaluate the level of psychotic stress.

Suppression of amyloidogenesis in a mouse model by corticosteroid intervention.

Steroid treatment of amyloidosis was studied previously in human and murine models of reactive amyloidosis but with limited success and with conflicting results. To determine whether steroids may inhibit amyloidogenesis, and to study factors that may play a role in this effect, the authors induced amyloidosis in Swiss male mice, using the enhanced protocol with a single intravenous injection of amyloid-enhancing factor (AEF) and 3 successive daily subcutaneous AgNO(3) injections. Suppression of amyloid formation by various commonly used steroid preparations was evaluated from the amount of splenic amyloid, using the crush-and-smear technique.

Modulation of adiponectin and leptin during refeeding of female anorexia nervosa patients.

Context: Several studies assessed adiponectin levels in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, however, data regarding the dynamics of changes in adiponectin levels during refeeding of these patients is limited and contradicting.

Objective: Our objective was to assess adiponectin levels and the distribution of its different isoforms in AN patients before and after long-term refeeding, and to relate them to alterations in body mass index, leptin, insulin sensitivity, and additional endocrine parameters.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We conducted a longitudinal controlled study of 38 female adolescent malnourished AN inpatients, with 13 young, lean, healthy women serving as controls.

Maternal serum adiponectin levels during human pregnancy.

Objective: Pregnancy is a unique situation characterized by insulin resistance. The role of adiponectin, an insulin-sensitizing hormone, has not been completely clarified during pregnancy. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate adiponectin levels during pregnancy and postpartum.

Adiponectin, ghrelin, and leptin in cancer cachexia in breast and colon cancer patients.

Background: The hormone ghrelin and the adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin participate in body weight regulation. In response to weight loss, ghrelin and adiponectin levels increase and leptin decreases. Cancer cachexia is a complex metabolic state, characterized by loss of muscle mass and adipose tissue together with anorexia.

Cord blood adiponectin in large-for-gestational age newborns.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to disclose the relationship between adiponectin and birth weight in a large group of newborns with normal and aberrant growth ("overweight").

Study Design: Eighty-one healthy, term newborns were divided into 2 groups: 20 in the large-for-gestational age (LGA; 4297 +/- 207 g), and 61 newborns in the appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA; 3384 +/- 368 g). Cord blood was analyzed for adiponectin, leptin, and insulin levels.

Increased propensity for amyloidogenesis in male mice.

Background: The male sex is a risk factor for reactive amyloidogenesis in several disease entities. Environmental, socioeconomic or genetic factors may underlie this male preponderance. This study was aimed at discovering whether male sex predisposes to reactive amyloidosis also in mice and to elucidate some of the hormonal associations of this risk.

Adiponectin in human cord blood: relation to fetal birth weight and gender.

Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived plasma protein with insulin-sensitizing and antiatherosclerotic properties. The aim of this study was to examine whether adiponectin is present in human fetal blood, to define its association with fetal birth weight, and to evaluate whether dynamic changes in adiponectin levels occur during the early neonatal period. Cord blood adiponectin levels were extremely high (71.