A school-going child presented with fever and productive cough for a short period, which after laboratory and radiological survey was diagnosed as mediastinal teratoma with lung cavitation. Preoperatively the exact cause of lung pathology could not be established, although more common causes prevalent in this zone such as, tuberculosis and lung abscess were excluded. Surgical treatment was planned and excision of the mediastinal mass with segmentectomy of the right-upper lobe carried out through median sternotomy.
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