Left anterior descending artery disease in a 27-year-old with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2A: A case report.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and primary hyperparathyroidism. Coronary artery disease is associated with the disorder, but the mechanism is unclear. A 27-year-old female presented with chest pain and palpitations.

A Large Intrathoracic Hiatal Hernia as a Cause of Complete Heart Block.

Hiatal hernia is a not uncommon anatomic disorder resulting in portions of the bowel occupying space in the thoracic cavity. There are a number of antecedent risk factors including obesity but not hiatal hernias resulting in symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they can include chest pain, nausea, abdominal pain, and gastroesophageal reflux.

Successful Treatment of Hypokalemic Rhabdomyolysis Caused by a Pancreatic VIPoma: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND VIPomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors typically located in the pancreas. The majority of cases autonomously secret vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), which can result in profuse, refractory, watery diarrhea. The fluid and electrolyte imbalance can progress to dehydration and profound hypokalemia, resulting in the watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria (WDHA) syndrome.

Rapidly Progressing Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Presenting as a Stroke.

Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a rare, fatal human prion disease that is characterized by progressive dementia and neurologic degeneration. It can mimic multiple other neurological disorders, and a high index of clinical suspicion is necessary to make a diagnosis. A 74-year-old woman with a 3-month history of a stroke and progressive neurologic deterioration was found to have sCJD.

Successful Treatment of Severe Type B Lactic Acidosis in a Patient with HIV/AIDS-Associated High-Grade NHL.

Type B lactic acidosis is a rare metabolic complication sometimes associated with hematologic malignancies. When present, this type of lactic acidosis is most commonly seen in patients with high-grade lymphomas or leukemias and is usually indicative of a dismal prognosis. We report a case of a 27-year man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) that presented with bilateral lower extremity swelling, an abdominal mass, and weight loss.

A Case of Bullous Pemphigoid: A Prevalent and Potentially Fatal Condition.

Bullous pemphigoid is the most common of the blistering disorders. It is most commonly found in the elderly and is diagnosed based on clinical, histologic, and immunologic criteria. It presents clinically with diffuse eczematous, pruritic, urticaria-like lesions, with the later appearance of tense bullae or blistering lesions typically filled with clear fluid.

MRI of bone marrow edema-like signal in the pathogenesis of subchondral cysts.

Objective: To determine if a relationship exists between bone marrow edema-like signal and subchondral cysts on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Design: Retrospective cohort of 32 patients with two sequential knee MRI. Patients with acute trauma, infection, neoplasm, or osteonecrosis were excluded.

Benign and malignant processes: normal values and differentiation with chemical shift MR imaging in vertebral marrow.

Purpose: To establish retrospectively a range of values for signal intensity change in normal vertebral marrow by using chemical shift magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to assess the use of this technique in differentiating benign from malignant marrow abnormalities.

Materials And Methods: Institutional Review Board approval for this retrospective, HIPAA-compliant study was obtained; informed consent was waived. A total of 569 normal vertebrae in 75 patients (42 women, 33 men; mean age, 57.

Evaluation of posterior tibial pathology: comparison of sonography and MR imaging.

Objective: To compare the results of sonographic (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in detecting pathology of the posterior tibial tendon (PTT) in patients with PTT dysfunction.

Design: Twenty-two ankles that were clinically suspected by the orthopedic surgeon to have PTT dysfunction were evaluated with US (10 MHz linear-array transducer) and 1.5 T MR examinations within the same day.

Thoracic spine disc-related abnormalities: longitudinal MR imaging assessment.

Objective: To describe and characterize the temporal changes in disc-related disorders of the thoracic spine using MR imaging.

Design And Patients: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was carried out of 40 patients with two sequential thoracic spine MR images at variable intervals. The images were assessed for baseline presence of, new incidence of and changes in disc herniation, degenerative disc disease, endplate marrow signal alteration and Schmorl nodes.

MRI findings associated with distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injury.

Objective: Our objective was to describe the MRI findings associated with acute and chronic distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injury.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-four 1.5-T MRIs of ankles of 90 individuals with histories of severe sprain were assessed by two musculoskeletal radiologists for syndesmosis injury (acute, edema of the syndesmosis; chronic, disruption or thickening of the syndesmosis without edema).

MRI findings of septic arthritis and associated osteomyelitis in adults.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the soft-tissue, synovial, and osseous MRI findings of septic arthritis.

Materials And Methods: At 1.5 T (T1-weighted, T2-weighted or STIR, and contrast-enhanced images), 50 consecutive cases of septic arthritis were evaluated by two observers for synovial enhancement, perisynovial edema, joint effusion, fluid outpouching, fluid enhancement, and synovial thickening.

MR imaging of anterior cruciate ligament tears: is there a gender gap?

Objective: Clinically, females receive anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears more commonly than males. We explored whether gender differences exist in MR imaging patterns of ACL tears.

Design And Patients: At 1.

Percutaneous central catheters and peripheral intravenous catheters have similar infection rates in very low birth weight infants.

Objective: We performed this study to determine if percutaneous central lines (PCLs) were associated with infection more often than peripherally placed intravenous catheters (PIVs).

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective, cohort study of 53 infants with PCLs inserted from March 1993 to February 1995 for evidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection and 97 cohorts with PIVs who were matched to the infants with PCLs by admission date and birth weight. We considered an infant to have catheter-related bloodstream infection if bacteremia occurred while the PCL or PIV was in place with no other identifiable infection focus.

Inhibition of zinc metallopeptidases by flavonoids and related phenolic compounds: structure-activity relationships.

Flavonoids and other benzopyrone substances, having an appropriate hydroxylation profile, may inhibit the metalloenzymes leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), aminopeptidase M (AP-M), and carboxypeptidase A (CP-A). A structural feature that evidently favours the interaction between flavonoids and the three metalloenzymes is the 2,3-double bond conjugating the A and B rings and conferring a planar structure. This can be considered virtually indispensable for inhibition of the three metallopeptidases, though the hydroxylation profile required differed for each of the enzymes, and the interaction mechanism and behaviour also differed.

Dilated duct pattern at mammography.

Purpose: To determine the importance of a dilated duct pattern at mammography.

Materials And Methods: Mammograms obtained in 46 women with histopathologically proved, asymmetrically dilated ducts were retrospectively studied. The laterality and location of the asymmetrically dilated duct, the presence of branching, and associated findings such as microcalcifications, nipple discharge, and interval change were evaluated.

Mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta: CT finding in three patients.

We present three cases of mycotic aneurysms of the abdominal aorta that were initially diagnosed with computed tomography (CT). The accuracy of CT as the first imaging technique in the diagnosis of this condition is reviewed in light of our results and those reported in the literature.

A new type of hydrophilic carbon paste electrodes for biosensor manufacturing: binder paste electrodes.

The effect of two types of carbon pastes and two osmium-based redox mediators on the response of amperometric enzyme electrodes for glucose was examined. A hydrophobic mediator and a hydrophilic cationic mediator were prepared and mixed in a paste that contained either mineral oil as the pasting liquid, or a polycationic electrolyte without oil. It was found that the current densities were increased by a factor of 25 when the oil-based paste was replaced by the hydrophilic one (binder paste, BP) and five- to six-fold when the hydrophilic mediator was used in place of the hydrophobic.

Bowstring injury of the flexor tendon pulley system: MR imaging.

OBJECTIVE. The flexor tendon pulley system is often ruptured when a flexed finger is forcibly extended. In the acute phase, soft-tissue swelling and pain often make clinical evaluation difficult.

Thoracic duct function in fetal, newborn, and adult sheep.

We measured thoracic duct lymph flow rate versus outflow pressure in 7 chronically catheterized adult sheep and in 6 newborn lambs and compared our results to data previously obtained from 10 fetal sheep. In fetal sheep the thoracic duct lymph flow rate was 34.5 +/- 17.

The magic angle effect in musculoskeletal MR imaging.

The "magic angle" effect in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is caused by changes in the dipolar interactions between water hydrogen protons that are loosely bound along collagen fibrils in organized tissue such as tendon or articular cartilage. When tendons are aligned at 55 degrees to the main magnetic field, the T2 relaxation time is lengthened, causing focal increased signal on short echo time MR images. Tendons in the ankle, wrist, and rotator cuff of the shoulder are common sites to observe this effect.

Flow reversal in the right anterior branch of the portal vein: "bicolor portal vein" color Doppler analysis.

The purpose of this study is to describe a phenomenon of bidirectional flow, "bicolor portal vein" (BPV), within the right anterior branch of the portal vein (RAPV), with color Doppler imaging (CDI). We prospectively studied with CDI the intrahepatic portal vein and its branches in 316 consecutive patients in search of areas of nonlaminar flow within the RAPV. Forty patients were excluded from the study due to varied conditions that precluded an accurate CDI study.

Flavonoid inhibitors of trypsin and leucine aminopeptidase: a proposed mathematical model for IC50 estimation.

The inhibitory behavior of flavonoids against trypsin and leucine aminopeptidase followed sigmoidal curves similar to those of any dose-biological response relationship. Statistical analysis using several mathematical equations showed that the relationship may be expressed by a logistic equation, which yielded a high correlation between the experimental data and the predicted results, together with an objective criterion for estimating the IC50 value. Flavones and flavonols exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on trypsin; the presence of hydroxyl groups at positions C-5 and C-7 in ring A is necessary for inhibition of the enzyme, while the simultaneous presence of free hydroxyl groups at positions C-3' and C-4' enhances the inhibitory activity.