A Review on Educational Intervention Approaches on Cancer Knowledge and Awareness in Quasi-Experimental Studies.

Cancer is a highly prevalent noncommunicable disease with low levels of awareness among the general public, as reported in numerous studies worldwide. Given the daunting nature of cancer, poor knowledge and awareness levels of this disease with regard to its warning signs, risk factors, and the importance of cancer screening among the public may lead to unfavorable health-related outcomes, such as delayed diagnosis and treatment initiation. However, there is potential to tackle this issue with properly designed health educational interventions.

Effect of hesperidin in the prevention of aluminum chloride-induced testicular dysfunction in rats.

Hesperidin is a citrus bioflavonoid and has numerous pharmacological actions. Hesperidin's effect on testicular dysfunction has not been well researched. Hence, the present study is aims to investigate the effect of hesperidin on aluminium chloride (AlCl)-induced testicular dysfunction in rats.

Prevalence of asymptomatic valvular heart disease in the elderly population: a community-based echocardiographic study.

Aims: With an ageing population, the presence of asymptomatic valvular heart disease (VHD) in the community remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and associated factors of asymptomatic VHD in individuals ≥60 years old and to evaluate the feasibility of echocardiographic screening for VHD in this population.

Methods And Results: This was a prospective cohort study conducted between 2007 and 2016 in the UK.

Application of ChatGPT in Routine Diagnostic Pathology: Promises, Pitfalls, and Potential Future Directions.

Large Language Models are forms of artificial intelligence that use deep learning algorithms to decipher large amounts of text and exhibit strong capabilities like question answering and translation. Recently, an influx of Large Language Models has emerged in the medical and academic discussion, given their potential widespread application to improve patient care and provider workflow. One application that has gained notable recognition in the literature is ChatGPT, which is a natural language processing "chatbot" technology developed by the artificial intelligence development software company OpenAI.

Ruxolitinib for myelofibrosis in elderly non-transplant patients: healthcare resource utilization and costs.

Aim: This study evaluated real-world healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), direct costs, and overall survival (OS) of patients who were Medicare beneficiaries and were newly diagnosed with myelofibrosis (MF) who filled ≥1 prescription of ruxolitinib versus those who did not.

Patients And Methods: This was a study of the US Medicare fee-for-service database. Beneficiaries were aged ≥65 years with an MF diagnosis (index) between January 1, 2012 - December 31, 2017.

Treatment preferences among patients with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis.

New treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) are emerging; however, little is known about the treatment preferences of patients with mild-to-moderate AD. To measure patients' preferences, a cross-sectional, web-based discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey was developed and administered to 300 adults in the United States with a self-reported physician diagnosis of mild-to-moderate AD. In the DCE, respondents evaluated pairs of hypothetical AD treatment profiles defined by efficacy, risk, and mode and frequency of administration attributes.

Productivity loss outcomes and costs among patients with cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: an economic evaluation.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is associated with poor prognosis. Healthcare-related management likely presents a substantial economic burden associated with time away from work in patients with CCA.

Objectives: To assess productivity loss, associated indirect costs, and all-cause healthcare resource utilization and costs owing to workplace absenteeism, short-term disability, and long-term disability in CCA patients with work absence and disability benefits eligibility in the United States.

Trends in overall mortality among US veterans with primary myelofibrosis.

Background: Primary myelofibrosis [PMF] is a myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with reduced overall survival (OS). Management strategies for PMF have evolved over the last two decades, including approval of ruxolitinib as the first Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/JAK2 inhibitor for patients with intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis. This study assessed changes in mortality before and after ruxolitinib approval, independent of ruxolitinib treatment.

Menstrual hygiene practices and their determinants among pre-menopausal married women in rural Puducherry.

Background: Menstrual hygiene practices are somewhat poor among pre-menstrual aged rural women, and thereby, they are likely to be affected by menstrual and gynaecological morbidities. Hence, an attempt is made to comprehend the magnitude of menstrual hygiene practices through an index among rural women and identify its principal determinants.

Methods: Adopting a community-based cross-sectional study design, the required data was collected (through a semi-structured interview schedule) from 780 married pre-menopausal women (aged 35-49 years) from 30 villages of the Puducherry district during January-April 2021.

Temporal Changes in Cholangiocarcinoma Incidence and Mortality in the United States from 2001 to 2017.

Background: Previous studies report increasing cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) incidence up to 2015. This contemporary retrospective analysis of CCA incidence and mortality in the US from 2001-2017 assessed whether CCA incidence continued to increase beyond 2015.

Patients And Methods: Patients (≥18 years) with CCA were identified in the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 cancer registry (International Classification of Disease for Oncology [ICD-O]-3 codes: intrahepatic [iCCA], C221; extrahepatic [eCCA], C240, C241, C249).

Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Methanolic Extract of Leaves of in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

is a plant that reported to have anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiulcer, antiasthmatic, and wound healing activities. Diabetes dyslipidemic effect of leaves is not clear. Hence, current study planned to evaluate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of methanolic extract of leaves of (MESM) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.

Caloric Vestibular Stimulation Induced Enhancement of Behavior and Neurotrophic Factors in Chronic Mild Stress Induced Rats.

Caloric Vestibular Stimulation (CVS) is a non-invasive technique for stimulating the vestibular system. The vestibular system maintains equilibrium and acts as a moderator of mood, emotional control, and stress levels. Stress is a disruption of psychological, behavioral, and physiological homeostasis that affects people of all ages in today's world.

Live, Genetically Attenuated, Cold-Chain-Free Cholera Vaccine-A Research and Development Journey: Light at the End of a Long Tunnel.

Cholera, a diarrheal disease caused by () O139 and O1 strains, remains a public health problem. The existing World Health Organization (WHO)-licenced, killed, multiple-dose oral cholera vaccines demand 'cold-chain supply' at 2 °C-8 °C. Therefore, a live, single-dose, cold-chain-free vaccine would relieve significant bottlenecks and costs of cholera vaccination campaigns.

Thrombotic events and mortality risk in patients with newly diagnosed polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia.

Patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) have increased thrombotic risk. This retrospective, real-world analysis of Medicare patients (age ≥ 65 years) newly diagnosed with high-risk PV or intermediate-/high-risk ET compared mortality risk among those with versus without thrombotic events during the study period. Patients diagnosed with PV or ET with ≥ 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 outpatient claims (January 1, 2010-December 31, 2017; index was date of first qualifying claim) were included.

The unspoken benefit of participation in a clinical trial.

Background: Publicly funded trials do not usually offer financial incentives to volunteers. An intensive level of medical care could act as an additional motivator for participation. Our aim was to establish whether patients may draw any clinical benefit from volunteering in a clinical trial.

Changes in the incidence and overall survival of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms between 2002 and 2016 in the United States.

This analysis examined trends in incidence and survival among US adults with myeloproliferative neoplasms, including essential thrombocythemia (ET;  = 14,676), polycythemia vera (PV;  = 15,141), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF;  = 4214), using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End User Results (SEER) data (SEER 18; 2002-2016). Incidence and survival rates over the study period and by diagnosis year (per 5-year time frames: 2002-2006; 2007-2011; 2012-2016) were assessed. The overall incidence rates (95% CI) were 1.

Planned Versus Bailout Rotational Atherectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background/purpose: Rotational atherectomy (RA) plays a central role in the treatment of heavily calcified coronary artery lesions. Our aim was to compare periprocedural characteristics and outcomes of planned (PA) vs. bailout (BA) rotational atherectomy.

Real-world survival of US patients with intermediate- to high-risk myelofibrosis: impact of ruxolitinib approval.

The Janus kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib is approved for the treatment of myelofibrosis (MF) and improved overall survival (OS) versus control therapy in the phase 3 COMFORT trials. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to examine the real-world impact of ruxolitinib on OS in patients with MF. The US Medicare Fee-for-Service claims database (parts A/B/D) was used to identify patients with ≥ 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 outpatient claims with an MF diagnosis (January 2010-December 2017).

Experimental investigations of stability, density, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity of solar glycol-amine-functionalized graphene and MWCNT-based hybrid nanofluids.

This research article discusses properties such as density, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity of solar glycol with amine-functionalized graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The hybrid nanofluid is prepared by dispersing the amine-functionalized graphene (AFG) and MWCNTs (50:50 in % by weight ratio) in pure solar glycol. The AFG and MWCNTs are dispersed in different volume concentrations of 0.

Real-World Dosing Patterns of Ruxolitinib in Patients With Polycythemia Vera Who Are Resistant to or Intolerant of Hydroxyurea.

Introduction: Approximately one-quarter of patients with polycythemia vera become resistant to and/or intolerant of hydroxyurea. This analysis characterizes reasons patients were switched from hydroxyurea to ruxolitinib and describes ruxolitinib dosing patterns and outcomes in real-world clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: This medical chart review of United States community hematology/oncology practices in the Cardinal Health Oncology Provider Extended Network included patients with polycythemia vera who were ≥18 years old, received hydroxyurea for ≥3 months, started ruxolitinib between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2016, and had ≥2 visits during the subsequent 6 months.

Assessments of Process Parameters on Cutting Force and Surface Roughness during Drilling of AA7075/TiB2 In Situ Composite.

Reinforced aluminum composites are the basic class of materials for aviation and transport industries. The machinability of these composites is still an issue due to the presence of hard fillers. The current research is aimed to investigate the drilling topographies of AA7075/TiB composites.