Diagnostic accuracy of cancer ratio and other new parameters in differentiating malignant from benign pleural effusions.

Differentiation of malignant from benign pleural effusions is challenging in clinical practice due to limitations in the cytologic analysis. The combination of pleural fluid biomarkers has previously been used to predict malignant pleural effusion (MPE). We have conducted a prospective observational study to assess the diagnostic potential of cancer ratio [(CR) serum lactate dehydrogenase (sLDH): pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (pADA)], CR plus (CR: pleural lymphocyte count), sLDH: pleural lymphocyte count, and age: pADA in differentiating malignant effusions from benign ones.

Pulmonary manifestations in hyper IgE syndrome: A case series and review of Indian literature.

Recurrent pulmonary infections starting from childhood often prompt evaluation for primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs). Hyper IgE syndrome (HIES) is a less common PID characterised by recurrent skin and pulmonary infections associated with elevated IgE levels. Staphylococcal infections are more commonly seen in these individuals, resulting in structural lung abnormalities such as pneumatoceles and bronchiectasis.

Lymphoscintigraphy - Beyond Lymphedema.

Lymphoscintigraphy is an established modality for imaging the lymphatic system using radiocolloids and is routinely indicated to find the cause of limb lymphedema. However, in this case series, we are highlighting other less-known indications of lymphoscintigraphy like chylothorax and chyluria which present as lymphatic leaks in the thorax and abdomen, respectively. Once the site of the lymphatic leak is established by lymphoscintigraphy, definitive management like thoracic duct ligation or sclerotherapy can be done.

A young boy with diabetic ketoacidosis and non-resolving pneumonia.

https://bit.ly/40gt4Hm.

Malignant mesothelioma: A histomorphological and immunohistochemical study of 24 cases from a tertiary care hospital in Southern India.

Background: Malignant mesotheliomas are histologically heterogeneous neoplasms. Definite diagnosis requires a varied panel of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers to differentiate these from histological mimics. Only a few case series have been reported in the Indian literature where mesotheliomas have been analyzed on routine histology and IHC.

Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung in a 19-year-old female.

Lung cancers commonly occur in the sixth to eighth decades of life. They are extremely uncommon in first two decades of life. We describe the clinical, radiological, and pathological findings in a 19-year-old female diagnosed with an invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma that was initially mistaken and treated as tuberculosis.

Thymoma-associated immunodeficiency: a diagnostic challenge for the clinician.

Good's syndrome or thymoma-associated immunodeficiency is a rare clinical entity that is often presumed to be common variable immunodeficiency, due to lack of awareness and recognition of this syndrome. This syndrome more often goes unrecognized if a thymoma is not detected. An appropriate immunological work-up that aids timely diagnosis and adequate therapy with antimicrobials and intravenous immunoglobulins are mandatory to prevent the long-term complications and mortality associated with this syndrome.

A 66-Year-Old Man With Mediastinal Mass and Dyspnea.

A 66-year-old man presented with dry cough and shortness of breath on exertion of 6 months' duration. There were no complaints of fever and hemoptysis. His history was significant for recurrent episodes of respiratory tract infections over the previous 4 years.