Probiotic KUB-AC5 decreases urothelial cell invasion and enhances macrophage killing of uropathogenic study.

Introduction: Bacterial urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common infectious diseases worldwide. The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) uropathogenic (UPEC) UTI cases is a significant threat to healthcare systems. Several probiotic bacteria have been proposed as an alternative to combat MDR UTI.

Clinical Characteristics, Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Genes and Multi-Locus Sequence Typing of Non-Typhoidal Serovar Typhimurium and Enteritidis Strains Isolated from Patients in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Non-typhoidal (NTS) caused by ingesting contaminated food or drink remains a major bacterial foodborne disease. Clinical outcomes of NTS range from self-limited gastroenteritis to life-threatening invasive NTS (iNTS). In this study, we isolated spp.

Phage-induced bacterial morphological changes reveal a phage-derived antimicrobial affecting cell wall integrity.

In a looming post-antibiotic era, antibiotic alternatives have become key players in the combat against pathogens. Although recent advances in genomic research allow scientists to fully explore an organism's genome in the search for novel antibacterial molecules, laborious work is still needed in order to dissect each individual gene product for its antibacterial activity. Here, we exploited phage-induced bacterial morphological changes as anchors to explore and discover a potential phage-derived antimicrobial embedded in the phage genome.

A novel coli myophage and antibiotics synergistically inhibit the growth of the uropathogenic strain CFT073 in stoichiometric niches.

Urinary tract infections are widespread bacterial infections affecting millions of people annually, with being the most prevalent. Although phage therapy has recently gained interest as a promising alternative therapy for antibiotic-resistant bacteria, several studies have raised concerns regarding the evolution of phage resistance, making the therapy ineffective. In this study, we discover a novel coli myophage designated as Killian that targets strains, including the uropathogenic (UPEC) strain CFT073.

Corrigendum: Pathogen genomics and phage-based solutions for accurately identifying and controlling pathogens.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.

Gut Microbiota-Mediated Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interactions between Mycophenolic Acid and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole in Humans.

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) are commonly prescribed together in certain groups of patients, including solid organ transplant recipients. However, little is known about the pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between these two medications. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of TMP-SMX on MPA pharmacokinetics in humans and to find out the relationship between MPA pharmacokinetics and gut microbiota alteration.

Pathogen genomics and phage-based solutions for accurately identifying and controlling pathogens.

is a food-borne pathogen often linked to poultry sources, causing gastrointestinal infections in humans, with the numbers of multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates increasing globally. To gain insight into the genomic diversity of common serovars and their potential contribution to disease, we characterized antimicrobial resistance genes, and virulence factors encoded in 88 UK and 55 Thai isolates from poultry; the presence of virulence genes was detected through an extensive virulence determinants database compiled in this study. Long-read sequencing of three MDR isolates, each from a different serovar, was used to explore the links between virulence and resistance.

Activity of a Bacteriophage Cocktail to Control Growth in Avian, Porcine, and Human Epithelial Cell Cultures.

We examined the activity of phages to control the growth of chicken and swine strains in avian (CHIC-8E11), porcine (IPEC-1), and human (HT-29) cell cultures. We optimized a six-phage cocktail by selecting the five most effective myoviruses and a siphovirus that have optimal lysis on prevalent serovars. We observed ∼20% of 7 log PFU/well phage and 3-6 log CFU bacterial adhesions, and 3-5 log CFU bacterial invasion per 2 cm of the cultured cells at 2 h post-treatment.

Usual intake of one-carbon metabolism nutrients in a young adult population aged 19-30 years: a cross-sectional study.

One-carbon nutrients play an important role in epigenetic mechanisms and cellular methylation reactions. Inadequate intake of these nutrients is linked to metabolic perturbations, yet the current intake levels of these nutrients have rarely been studied in Asia. This cross-sectional study surveyed the usual dietary intake of one-carbon nutrients (folate, choline and vitamins B2, B6 and B12) among Thai university students aged 19-30 years ( 246).

The Extract of Seed Residue Attenuated the Progression of Aberrant Crypt Foci in Rat Colon by Reducing Inflammatory Processes and Altered Gut Microbiota.

(PF) seed residue is a waste from perilla oil production that still contains nutrients and phytochemicals. This study aimed to investigate the chemoprotective action of PF seed residue crude ethanolic extract (PCE) on the inflammatory-induced promotion stage of rat colon carcinogenesis and cell culture models. PCE 0.

Therapeutic effects of oral administration of lytic phages in a mouse model of non-typhoidal salmonellosis.

Acute non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) caused by a Gram-negative bacterium serovar Typhimurium ( Tm) is one of the most common bacterial foodborne diseases worldwide. Bacteriophages (phages) can specifically target and lyse their host bacteria, including the multidrug-resistant strains, without collateral damage to other bacteria in the community. However, the therapeutic use of phages is still poorly investigated.

Enriched Riceberry Bran Oil Exerts Chemopreventive Properties through Anti-Inflammation and Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Carcinogen-Induced Liver and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats.

Riceberry has recently been acknowledged for its beneficial pharmacological effects. Riceberry bran oil (RBBO) exhibited anti-proliferation activity in various cancer cell lines. However, animal studies of RBBO on anti-carcinogenicity and its molecular inhibitory mechanism have been limited.

Deferiprone has less benefits on gut microbiota and metabolites in high iron-diet induced iron overload thalassemic mice than in iron overload wild-type mice: A preclinical study.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the changes in gut microbiota in iron-overload thalassemia and the roles of an iron chelator on gut dysbiosis/inflammation, and metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO).

Main Methods: Adult male C57BL/6 mice both wild-type (WT: n = 15) and heterozygous β-thalassemia (BKO: n = 15) were fed on either a normal (ND: n = 5/group) or a high‑iron diet for four months (HFe: n = 10/group). HFe-treated WT and HFe-treated BKO groups were further subdivided into two subgroups and each subgroup given either vehicle (n = 5/subgroup) or deferiprone (n = 5/subgroup) during the last month.

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Probiotic KUB-AC5 Against Infection in a Mouse Colitis Model.

Acute non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) caused by Typhimurium (STM) is among the most prevalent of foodborne diseases. A global rising of antibiotic resistance strains of STM raises an urgent need for alternative methods to control this important pathogen. Major human food animals which harbor STM in their gut are cattle, swine, and poultry.

An Optimized Bacteriophage Cocktail Can Effectively Control and in .

spp. is a leading cause of gastrointestinal enteritis in humans where it is largely contracted via contaminated poultry and pork. Phages can be used to control infection in the animals, which could break the cycle of infection before the products are accessible for consumption.

Association of Chronic Opisthorchis Infestation and Microbiota Alteration on Tumorigenesis in Cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a common hepatobiliary cancer in East and Southeast Asia. The data of microbiota contribution in CCA are still unclear. Current available reports have demonstrated that an Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection leads to dysbiosis in the bile duct.

Gut microbiota profiles of treatment-naïve adult acute myeloid leukemia patients with neutropenic fever during intensive chemotherapy.

The intestinal bacterial flora of febrile neutropenic patients has been found to be significantly diverse. However, there are few reports of alterations of in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Stool samples of each treatment-naïve AML patient were collected the day before initiation of induction chemotherapy (pretreatment), on the first date of neutropenic fever and first date of bone marrow recovery.

Pathogenicity of clinical Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates from Thailand in a mouse colitis model.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium [STM]) is a leading cause of nontyphoidal salmonellosis (NTS) worldwide. The pathogenesis of NTS has been studied extensively using a streptomycin-pretreated mouse colitis model with the limited numbers of laboratory STM strains.

Gut Microbiota Profiles of Treated Metabolic Syndrome Patients and their Relationship with Metabolic Health.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a worldwide health issue. Recent studies reveal that the human gut microbiota exerts a significant role in the pathogenesis of this disease. While drug treatments may greatly improve metabolic symptoms, little is known about the gut microbiota composition of these treated MetS patients.

Altered gut microbiota ameliorates bone pathology in the mandible of obese-insulin-resistant rats.

Purpose: The chronic consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) induces obese-insulin resistance and impairs jawbone health via gut dysbiosis-stimulated inflammatory process. Our previous studies demonstrated that the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, prebiotic xylooligosaccharide (XOS), and synbiotics improved several vital organ functions by reducing gut dysbiosis in HFD-induced obese rats. However, the impacts on the cellular level of jawbone microarchitecture have not been examined.

Effects of probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics on jawbone in obese-insulin resistant rats.

Purpose: Chronic high-fat diet (HFD) consumption results in gut dysbiosis, systemic inflammation, obese-insulin resistance, and osteoporosis of the jawbones. The probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics alleviated gut dysbiosis and the metabolic disturbance in HFD-induced obesity. However, the effects on jawbone properties have not been investigated.

Probiotic HII01 protects rats against obese-insulin resistance-induced kidney injury and impaired renal organic anion transporter 3 function.

The relationship between gut dysbiosis and obesity is currently acknowledged to be a health topic which causes low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance and may damage the kidney. Organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3) has been shown as a transporter responsible for renal handling of gut microbiota products which are involved in the progression of metabolic disorder. The present study investigated the effect of probiotic supplementation on kidney function, renal Oat3 function, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis in obese, insulin-resistant rats.

Inactivation of bpsl1039-1040 ATP-binding cassette transporter reduces intracellular survival in macrophages, biofilm formation and virulence in the murine model of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection.

Burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative intracellular bacillus, is the causative agent of a tropical infectious disease called melioidosis. Bacterial ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters import and export a variety of molecules across bacterial cell membranes. At present, their significance in B.

Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, xylooligosaccharides, and synbiotics reduce gut disturbance in obese rats.

Objectives: The beneficial effects of pro-, pre-, and synbiotics on obesity with insulin resistance have been reported previously. However, the strain-specific effect of probiotics and the combination with various types of prebiotic fiber yield controversial outcomes and limit clinical applications. Our previous study demonstrated that the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei (L.

Prebiotic prevents impaired kidney and renal Oat3 functions in obese rats.

Obesity is health issue worldwide, which can lead to kidney dysfunction. Prebiotics are non-digestible foods that have beneficial effects on health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of xylooligosaccharide (XOS) on renal function, renal organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3) and the mechanisms involved.