Efficacy of Calcium Enriched Mixture Cement, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Calcium Hydroxide Used as Direct Pulp Capping Agents in Deep Carious Lesions - A Randomised Clinical Trial.

Objective: The primary objective of this randomised clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM) cement compared to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Calcium Hydroxide (CH) in maintaining pulp vitality when used for direct pulp capping (DPC) of deep carious lesions with reversible pulpitis and secondary objective was to assess the overall success of DPC in carious exposures.

Methods: One hundred and fifty patients diagnosed with reversible pulpitis with deep carious lesions were included in this study. Patients were randomly allocated into three groups (n=50), Group C: CEM group, Group M: MTA group, and Group D: CH (Dycal) group.

What lowered inflation in India: monetary policy or commodity prices?

India has seen lower inflation by historical standards for the past 6 years. This has been attributed to the adoption of inflation targeting by the central bank, the Reserve Bank of India in 2016. In particular, it has been asserted that the lower inflation reflects the anchoring of expectations.

Retrospective study of predictors of bone metastasis in prostate cancer cases.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to identify clinical profiles of patients with low risk of having bone metastases, for which bone scanning could be safely eliminated.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross sectional study looked at prostate cancer patients seen in the Urology Departments in 2 tertiary centres over the 11 year period starting from January 2000 to May 2011. Patient demographic data, levels of PSA at diagnosis, Gleason score for the biopsy core, T-staging as well as the lymph node status were recorded and analysed.

Using path analysis to understand parents' perceptions of their children's weight, physical activity and eating habits in the Champlain region of Ontario.

Introduction: Parents have a fundamental role in promoting the healthy weight of their children.

Objectives: To determine parental perceptions of their child's body weight, eating and physical activity (PA) behaviours, and to test a predictive model of parental perceptions regarding their child's PA and healthy eating behaviours.

Methods: A random-digit telephone survey was conducted among parents of children four to 12 years of age living in the Champlain region of Ontario.

Synthesis of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents.

Some new 3-acetyl-5-(3-chloro-1-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-2-substituted phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 2-(3-chloro-1-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-5-substituted phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles have been synthesized and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. Initially, 3-chloro-1-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride (1) was prepared from cinnamic acid in the presence of chlorobenzene and thionyl chloride. This compound (1) was treated with hydrazine hydrate to afford 3-chloro-1-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carbohydrazine (2) which was further reacted with various aromatic aldehydes to yield hydrazones (3a-h).

Thiadiazole fused indolo[2,3-a]carbazole based oligomers and polymer.

Indolo[2,3-a]carbazole-based heteroacenes containing thiadiazole units were synthesized. Compounds showed a sandwich herringbone packing in solid state with improved stability. The change in photophysical and electrochemical properties upon incorporation of an acceptor moiety (benzothiadazole) in a fused ring system was studied.

Inkjet printed electrode arrays for potential modulation of DNA self-assembled monolayers on gold.

In this paper, we report a novel and cost-effective fabrication technique to produce electrode arrays that can be used for monitoring and electrical manipulation of the molecular orientation of DNA self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold. The electrode arrays were prepared from gold coated glass sides or compact discs (CD-Rs) by using standard office inkjet printers without any hardware or software modifications. In this method, electrode arrays of varied shape and size (from submillimeter to centimeter) can be rapidly fabricated and are suitable for standard electrochemical measurements.

Synthesis and evaluation of the biological activities of some 3-{[5-(6-methyl-4-aryl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-imino}-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one derivatives.

Reaction of ethyl-6-methyl-2-oxo-4-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-carboxylates (1a-i) with hydrazine hydrate yielded 6-methyl-2-oxo-4-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-carbohydrazides (2a-i). These products, on reaction with cyanogen bromide, gave 5-(5-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-6-methyl-4-aryl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2 (1H)-ones (3a-i). The resultant aminooxadiazolylpyrimidinones were condensed with isatin to obtain various 3-{[5-(6-methyl-4-aryl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-imino}-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-ones (4a-i).

Light scattering and luminescence studies on self-aggregation behavior of amphiphilic copolymer micelles.

The self-aggregation behavior of three amphiphilic graft copolymers, oligo(9,9-dihexyl)fluorence-graft-poly(ethylene oxide) (OHF-g-PEO), with different architectures was studied by dynamic and static light scattering (DLS and SLS) in combination with fluorescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The formation of self-assembled polymeric micelles was confirmed by SLS and TEM. DLS and SLS analyses showed that the architecture of graft copolymers has a dramatic effect on critical aggregation concentration (CAC), micelle size distribution, apparent aggregation number (Nagg app), and apparent molecular weight of polymer aggregates (Mw,agg app).

Prevalence of pyridoxine dependent seizures in south Indian children with early onset intractable epilepsy: A hospital based prospective study.

Objectives: Determine the prevalence of pyridoxine dependent seizures in children less than 16 years of age attending a teaching hospital in south India with early onset (before 3 years) intractable epilepsy of unknown aetiology, using the criteria proposed by Baxter.

Method: A cohort of 81 children, fulfilling the above criteria, was given 15 mg/kg/day of oral pyridoxine for 7 days. Non-responders were given a further 7-day trial of 30 mg/kg/day.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis treated with plasmapheresis.

Accepted modes of therapy in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis include intravenous methyl prednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin or a combination of both. Effectiveness of plasmapheresis has been demonstrated by previous case reports. We report two patients with steroid non-responsive acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in which plasmapheresis resulted in complete clinical and radiological recovery, though the therapy was initiated in the fifth week of illness.

Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome in two sisters born to consanguineous parents.

Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome is a rare anterior horn cell disease affecting young persons. Bulbar palsy with deafness is the characteristic feature. Of the total 35 cases reported in the literature, only one case was from India.

N-terminal myristoylation regulates calcium-induced conformational changes in neuronal calcium sensor-1.

Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1), a Ca(2+)-binding protein, plays an important role in the modulation of neurotransmitter release and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway. It is known that the physiological activity of NCS-1 is governed by its myristoylation. Here, we present the role of myristoylation of NSC-1 in governing Ca(2+) binding and Ca(2+)-induced conformational changes in NCS-1 as compared with the role in the nonmyristoylated protein.

Endoscopic botulinum toxin injection for cricopharyngeal dysphagia.

Twelve patients underwent 17 endoscopic injections of botulinum toxin type A in the cricopharyngeus muscle for the treatment of dysphagia and cricopharyngeal spasm over a 3-year period. The patient's charts were reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative symptoms, examination, and swallowing studies were reviewed.

Adenoidectomy with laser or incisional myringotomy for otitis media with effusion.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of CO2 laser myringotomy to incisional myringotomy at the time of adenoidectomy for refractory otitis media with effusion (OME).

Study Design: Controlled retrospective consecutive case series.

Methods: All children undergoing myringotomy and adenoidectomy for OME in the spring of 1999 had 1.

Decreasing morbidity following laryngotracheal reconstruction in children.

Our objectives are to report (1) methods for decreasing infectious complications and excessive weakness associated with the period of sedation and neuromuscular blockade (NMB) following single-stage laryngotracheal reconstruction (SSLTR); (2) an association between gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and subglottic stenosis (SGS); (3) results of 21 SSLTRs and 15 two-stage LTRs (TSLTRs). A retrospective chart review was performed for the period January, 1990-August, 1995, including 36 patients who had 38 LTRs for SGS and/or posterior glottic stenosis at a tertiary care center. Our most recent post-SSLTR protocol included: (1) prophylactic antimicrobials (clindamycin plus antipseudomonal agents = C + A); (2) GER treatment; (3) titrated infusion NMB with daily recovery of neuromuscular function; (4) avoidance of prolonged simultaneous administration of NMB and corticosteroids.

The allocation of epiblast cells to the embryonic heart and other mesodermal lineages: the role of ingression and tissue movement during gastrulation.

The cardiogenic potency of cells in the epiblast of the early primitive-streak stage (early PS) embryo was tested by heterotopic transplantation. The results of this study show that cells in the anterior and posterior epiblast of the early PS-stage embryos have similar cardiogenic potency, and that they differentiated to heart cells after they were transplanted directly to the heart field of the late PS embryo. That the epiblast cells can acquire a cardiac fate without any prior act of ingression through the primitive streak or movement within the mesoderm suggests that neither morphogenetic event is critical for the specification of the cardiogenic fate.

Regionalisation of cell fate and morphogenetic movement of the mesoderm during mouse gastrulation.

The developmental fate of cells in the epiblast of early-primitive-streak-stage mouse embryos was assessed by studying the pattern of tissue colonisation displayed by lac Z-expressing cells grafted orthotopically to nontransgenic embryos. Results of these fate-mapping experiments revealed that the lateral and posterior epiblast contain cells that will give rise predominantly to mesodermal derivatives. The various mesodermal populations are distributed in overlapping domains in the lateral and posterior epiblast, with the embryonic mesoderm such as heart, lateral, and paraxial mesoderm occupying a more distal position than the extraembryonic mesoderm.

Nutritional and biological evaluation of tobacco leaf protein concentrate.

A tobacco leaf protein concentrate (TLPC) from bidi tobacco leaves was prepared by a heat coagulation method which contained 52% protein and was free from nicotine and polyphenols. When TLPC was fed to weanling wistar albino rats to supplement 25% of the dietary protein, the growth of the animals was found to be comparable to control animals. Reproductive performance of male and female rats fed the TLPC supplemented diet was normal and no histopathological changes were seen in their tissues.

Temperature variation of linewidth of the CO2 laser P(16) transition.

The halfwidth of the P(16) CO2 laser transition has been measured over a temperature range from 373 to 620 K at pressures varying from 20 to 100 Torr. A Voigt profile line shape was fitted to the experimental absorption coefficient to determine the variation of halfwidth with temperature. The pressure broadened halfwidth varied as T(-0.