Purpose: Structured HCT models addressing planning, transfer, and integration into adult care for adolescents and young adults with childhood-acquired chronic conditions are becoming more prevalent. However, consensus on outcome measures to assess health care transition (HCT) interventions particularly for intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) population is lacking. This scoping review identified potential HCT outcome measures for young adults (aged 18-26) with IDD using the Quadruple Aim Framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Renal Physiol
December 2024
Approximately 30% of cancer patients experience kidney complications, which hinder optimal cancer management, imposing a burden on patients' quality of life and the healthcare system. The etiology of kidney complications in cancer patients is often attributed to oncological therapies. However, the direct impact of cancer on kidney health is underestimated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To report an incidence of procedure-related complications in preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treated with intravitreal anti-VEGFs injection in both eyes on the same day.
Design: Retrospective, multicenter case series.
Subjects: Preterm infants with ROP treated with anti-VEGF bilaterally on the same day.
Objective: This study evaluates the RID-MyC (Rapid Identification of Mycoses using CRISPR) assay, a CRISPR/Cas12a-based diagnostic tool, for its efficacy in diagnosing fungal endophthalmitis (FE), comparing it with panfungal PCR and culture methods.
Design: A comparative cross-sectional study assessing the performance of the RID-MyC assay against established diagnostic modalities for FE.
Subjects: The study included 133 intraocular samples from 117 patients with suspected microbial endophthalmitis.
Approximately 30% of cancer patients experience kidney complications, which hinder optimal cancer management, imposing a burden on patients' quality of life and the healthcare system. The etiology of kidney complications in cancer patients is often attributed to nephrotoxic oncological therapies. However, the direct impact of cancer on kidney health is underestimated, as most nephrotoxic oncological therapies have been studied in animal models that do not have cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Ophthalmol
July 2024
Purpose: To evaluate the demographic profile of premature infants presenting with stage 4B and stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at a tertiary referral center in South India.
Methods: This was a retrospective review including all premature infants with stage 4B and 5 ROP between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2022. Parameters included the newborns born at the tertiary care nursery of various institutes, gestational age, birth weight, age at presentation to the hospital, risk factors, screening details, neonatal intensive care unit details, reason for consultation, and timing of referral to the center.
Background: Obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pose a triple burden in India. Almost two-thirds of people with diabetes (PWD) in India are found to have suboptimal glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in diabetes has emphasized on the amount and type of carbohydrates for years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial Intelligence (AI) is a revolutionary technology that has the potential to develop into a widely implemented system that could reduce the dependence on qualified professionals/experts for screening the large at-risk population, especially in the Indian scenario. Deep learning involves learning without being explicitly told what to focus on and utilizes several layers of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to create a robust algorithm that is capable of high-complexity tasks. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a subset of ANNs that are particularly useful for image processing as well as cognitive tasks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in children, with significant disparities in outcomes between high-income and low-income countries, due in part to insufficient access to ROP screening.
Objective: To evaluate how well autonomous artificial intelligence (AI)-based ROP screening can detect more-than-mild ROP (mtmROP) and type 1 ROP.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This diagnostic study evaluated the performance of an AI algorithm, trained and calibrated using 2530 examinations from 843 infants in the Imaging and Informatics in Retinopathy of Prematurity (i-ROP) study, on 2 external datasets (6245 examinations from 1545 infants in the Stanford University Network for Diagnosis of ROP [SUNDROP] and 5635 examinations from 2699 infants in the Aravind Eye Care Systems [AECS] telemedicine programs).
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol
March 2024
Purpose: The aim was to study the characteristics of recurrence patterns in the form of scar recurrence, new lesions, and vitreous seeds which is necessary in anticipating future events for the management of retinoblastoma (RB).
Methods: This retrospective analytical observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India; we included 64 eyes of 45 patients having RB from January 2019 to July 2020. The inclusion criterion was treatment-naïve patients with > 12 months of follow-up period.
Objectives: To analyse the profile and implication of genetic testing in a cohort of retinoblastoma (RB) patients and their families conducted on a single day during World Retinoblastoma Awareness Week 2017.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of blood samples were collected from 411 subjects, including 113 probands at a camp organised for RB awareness and were analysed for RB1 mutations by Sanger sequencing and Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA). If germline mutations were detected, the parents and siblings of the proband were tested for the same mutation.
Background: Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (IVA) injection is known to cause contraction of fibrovascular proliferation (FVP), when present in severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
Aim: To assess the structural outcomes of IVA injection in the treatment of severe posterior ROP with significant FVP.
Methods: It was a retrospective study in which 36 eyes of 18 preterm babies who developed > 4 clock hours of FVP in zone I or posterior zone II, were treated with either intravitreal 0.
The ubiquilin family (UBQLN) of proteins consists of five closely related members (UBQLN1, UBQLN2, UBQLN3, UBQLN4, and UBQLNL) that have a high degree of similarity at the level of both amino acid and domain structure. The role of UBQLN1 and UBQLN2 in regulating processes involved in cancer progression and tumorigenesis is still not completely understood. MYC is an oncogene and is well known to play important roles in cancer progression and metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recent studies have uncovered the near-ubiquitous presence of microbes in solid tumors of diverse origins. Previous literature has shown the impact of specific bacterial species on the progression of cancer. We propose that local microbial dysbiosis enables certain cancer phenotypes through provisioning of essential metabolites directly to tumor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) telemedicine screening programs have been found to be effective, but they rely on widefield digital fundus imaging (WDFI) cameras, which are expensive, making them less accessible in low- to middle-income countries. Cheaper, smartphone-based fundus imaging (SBFI) systems have been described, but these have a narrower field of view (FOV) and have not been tested in a real-world, operational telemedicine setting.
Objective: To assess the efficacy of SBFI systems compared with WDFI when used by technicians for ROP screening with both artificial intelligence (AI) and human graders.
Purpose: Epidemiological changes in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) depend on neonatal care, neonatal mortality, and the ability to carefully titrate and monitor oxygen. We evaluate whether an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for assessing ROP severity in babies can be used to evaluate changes in disease epidemiology in babies from South India over a 5-year period.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Ophthalmic Genet
December 2023
Introduction: Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachments, especially those presenting at birth or soon afterward, have a high likelihood of syndromic associations that can be confirmed by genetic testing.
Materials And Methods: A 5-month-old child was found to have high myopia in the right eye (RE) with highly tessellated fundus, opalescent vitreous, and peripheral thinning. Left eye had a shallow retinal detachment for which he underwent belt buckling.