Microbiota composition of an autochthonous Krškopolje pig breed reared in two different organic production systems.

It has been shown that different production systems (conventional vs. pasture-raised pigs) and co-rearing of pigs with other livestock influence the gut microbiota composition in pigs. In this study, two independent trials were conducted to investigate the 16S fecal microbiota of the autochthonous Krškopolje pig.

The Diagnostic Value of qPCR Quantification of in Hive Debris and Adult Bees for Predicting the Onset of American Foulbrood.

American foulbrood (AFB) is a serious infectious disease of honeybees () caused by . Increased count in hive-related material is associated with an increased risk of AFB. Here, we quantified cells in 106 adult bee and 97 hive debris samples using quantitative PCR (qPCR); 66/106 adult bee and 66/97 hive debris samples were collected simultaneously from the same bee colony (paired-sample design).

sp. nov., sp. nov., and sp. nov., three novel -like species recovered from swine, small ruminants, and camelids.

In a previous study characterizing strains deficient in selenium metabolism, 50 strains were found to be similar to, but distinct from, the selenonegative species . Initial characterization based on multilocus sequence typing and the phylogeny of a set of 20 core genes determined that these strains form three putative taxa within the selenonegative cluster. A polyphasic study was undertaken here to further clarify their taxonomic position within the genus.

Association of with Fertility Disorders in Dogs: A Case Study Supported by Clinical Examination, PCR, 16S Microbiota Profiling, and Serology.

The role of in canine fertility disorders is still poorly understood. As infection is often asymptomatic, there is an increasing need for appropriate diagnostic methods and treatment plans that would allow the reliable detection of infection and rapid alleviation of infection symptoms in affected dogs. In this study, we included 14 dogs with fertility problems and 16 dogs without fertility disorder signs.

A novel metagenomic approach uncovers phage genes as markers for increased disinfectant tolerance in mixed Listeria monocytogenes communities.

Listeria monocytogenes is an important human pathogen with a high mortality rate. Consumption of contaminated ready-to-eat food is the main mode of transmission to humans. Disinfectant-tolerant L.

Description of sp. nov., isolated from a noble pen shell () population in Croatia.

Introduction: Shortly before the mass mortality event of the noble pen shell () population in the south-eastern Adriatic coast, two rapidly growing strains CVI_P3 (DSM 114013 T, ATCC TSD-295 T) and CVI_P4 were obtained from the organs of individual mollusks during the regular health status monitoring.

Methods: The strains were identified as members of the genus using basic phenotypic characteristics, genus-specific PCR assays targeting the and 16S rRNA genes and the commercial hybridization kit GenoType Mycobacterium CM (Hain Lifescience, Germany). MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry did not provide reliable identification using the Bruker Biotyper Database.

Genomic Insights into Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci and Mammaliicocci from Bulk Tank Milk of Dairy Farms in Serbia.

The potential risk to human and animal health provides a rationale for research on methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) and mammaliicocci (MRM) in dairy herds. Here, we aimed to estimate their occurrence in the bulk tank milk (BTM) samples collected in 2019-2021 from 283 bovine dairy farms in the Belgrade district. We used whole-genome sequencing to characterize the obtained isolates and assess their genetic relatedness.

sp. nov., isolated from caecal contents of domestic pigs ().

During the 2021 European Food Safety Authority coordinated harmonized monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in species in Slovenia, five -like strains were cultured from caeca of a total of 104 domestic pigs that could not be identified using the standard-prescribed biochemical tests or MALDI-TOF MS. The isolates were obtained using the standard ISO 10272 procedure for the isolation of thermotolerant with prolonged cultivation time. Small -like colonies were observed on mCCDA and CASA agar plates after 2-4 days of incubation; dark-field microscopy revealed relatively big spirilli-shaped bacteria exhibiting characteristic -like motility.

Phylogeography of Brucella suis biovar 2 with focus on Slovenian wildlife.

Brucella suis commonly infects swine but occasionally also other animal species and humans. Wild boars are the most important reservoir of B. suis biovar 2, continually infecting susceptible hosts through close contact.

sp. nov., isolated from caecal contents of domestic pigs ().

Seven -like isolates were cultured from caecal contents of 100 domestic pigs () sampled as part of the EFSA-coordinated harmonized monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in sp. in 2015. The bacteria were isolated using the standard ISO 10272 procedure for the isolation of thermotolerant with extended incubation time and formed small, grey, moist and flat colonies with a metallic sheen (small -like colonies) on modified Charcoal-Cefoperazone-Deoxycholate Agar (mCCDA) and Skirow agar plates.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant from Two Pig Farms: Longitudinal Study of LA-MRSA.

Pigs were identified as the most important reservoir of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant (LA-MRSA), mostly belonging to the emergent zoonotic clonal complex (CC) 398. Here, we investigated the presence of MRSA in sows and piglets over a period of several months in two pig farms (intensive farm A and family-run farm B). Isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing, PCR characterization and typing.

Clonal Spread of pESI-Positive Multidrug-Resistant ST32 Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis Isolates among Broilers and Humans in Slovenia.

Salmonella enterica subsp. serovar Infantis is the most prevalent serovar found in broilers and broiler meat and is among the top five serovars responsible for human infections in Europe. In 2008, a multidrug-resistant .

A European-wide dataset to uncover adaptive traits of Listeria monocytogenes to diverse ecological niches.

Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a ubiquitous bacterium that causes listeriosis, a serious foodborne illness. In the nature-to-human transmission route, Lm can prosper in various ecological niches. Soil and decaying organic matter are its primary reservoirs.

Using whole-genome sequencing to assess the diversity of within an outbreak and a beekeeping operation.

The spore-forming bacterium is the causative agent of American foulbrood (AFB), a devastating disease of honeybees (). In the present study, we used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to investigate an extensive outbreak of AFB in northwestern Slovenia in 2019. A total of 59 .

Novel TaqMan PCR Assay for the Quantification of Spores in Bee-Related Samples.

is the causative agent of American foulbrood (AFB), a devastating disease of honeybees. spore counts in bee-related samples correlate with the presence of AFB symptoms and may, therefore, be used to identify at-risk colonies. Here, we constructed a TaqMan-based real-time PCR (qPCR) assay targeting a single-copy chromosomal metalloproteinase gene for reliable quantification of .

Genomic insights into Salmonella Choleraesuis var. Kunzendorf outbreak reveal possible interspecies transmission.

Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis is a host-adapted serovar that causes serious infections in domestic pigs and wild boars. Here, we investigated an outbreak of salmonellosis in domestic pigs in Slovenia, 2018-2019. To assess the outbreak, 18 isolates from domestic pigs, wild boars, wild boar meat and a human patient underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS).

Feline Otitis Externa Caused by Methicillin-Resistant with Mixed Hemolytic Phenotype and Overview of Possible Genetic Backgrounds.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is an important cause of nosocomial infections in humans, but its importance in small animal practice is increasing. Here, we present a case of feline otitis externa (OE) caused by MRSA; both hemolytic and nonhemolytic variants with a stable phenotype were recovered from the external auditory canal after infection was detected by routine otoscopy. One isolate per variant underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) by broth microdilution method, conventional typing and whole-genome sequencing (WGS).

Genomic insights into the emergence and spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in veterinary clinics.

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a common cause of skin and soft tissue infections in dogs but can also cause infections in cats and humans. The frequency of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) strains is increasing worldwide.

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Establishing links between animals and humans on livestock holdings.

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) represents a concern in both human and veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate potential LA-MRSA transmission between animals and humans in rural settings. To this aim, a study was designed to include 14 farms in Slovenia, which were selected on the basis of a farmer (initial patient) with confirmed LA-MRSA infection and regular animal contacts.

sp. nov., sp. nov., and sp. nov., isolated from gastric mucosa of red foxes ().

Six -like isolates were recovered from 15 gastric mucosa samples of red foxes () shot by hunters in the surroundings of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Gram-negative, tightly coiled, intensely motile, 7-15 µm long and ≤1 µm wide bacteria grew on the biphasic blood agar plates. By using a genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), all isolates were confirmed as sp.

Genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes strains in ruminant abortion and rhombencephalitis cases in comparison with the natural environment.

Background: Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a serious disease affecting both animals and humans. Here, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to characterize the genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from the natural environment and animal clinical cases in Europe. The prevalence of clonal complexes (CCs) obtained was compared according to (i) the origin of isolation - clinical cases vs.

Retrospective investigation of listeriosis outbreaks in small ruminants using different analytical approaches for whole genome sequencing-based typing of Listeria monocytogenes.

Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a serious disease affecting both humans and animals. While listeriosis outbreaks in humans are commonly investigated in detail, routine typing of L. monocytogenes is generally not performed in animal outbreaks.