Molecular analysis of the reactions in to varying NaCl concentrations at various stages of development to better exploit its potential as a new crop plant.

Freshwater scarcity demands exploration of alternative resources like saline water and soils. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind NaCl regulation in potential crop plants becomes increasingly important for promoting saline agriculture. This study investigated the euhalophyte , analyzing its gene expression, yield, and total phenolic compounds under hydroponic cultivation.

The Sustainable Use of Halophytes in Salt-Affected Land: State-of-the-Art and Next Steps in a Saltier World.

Salinization is a major cause of soil degradation that affects several million hectares of agricultural land, threatening food security and the sustainability of agricultural systems worldwide. Nevertheless, despite the negative impact of salinity, salt-affected land also provides several important ecosystem services, from providing habitats and nurseries for numerous species to sustainable food production. This opinion paper, written in the framework of the EU COST Action CA22144 SUSTAIN on the sustainable use of salt-affected land, therefore, focuses on the potential of halophytes and saline agriculture to transform and restore key functions of these salt-affected and marginal lands.

Characterization of biochar produced from sewage sludge and its potential use as a substrate and plant growth improver.

Biochar is a product rich in carbon produced by pyrolysis of different kinds of biomass and it modifies the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. In this study, biochar, produced at different pyrolysis temperatures (590 °C, 665 °C, and 765 °C), was physico-chemically characterized. It was explored whether biochar made from sewage sludge can become an alternative solution for future water and phosphorus management in agricultural production.

Compositional Changes in Hydroponically Cultivated at Different Growth Stages.

Abiotic stress conditions, such as salinity, affect plant development and productivity and threaten the sustainability of agricultural production. Salt has been proven to accumulate in soil and water over time as a result of various anthropogenic activities and climatic changes. Species of the genus thrive in the most saline environments and have a wide climatic tolerance.

Elevated CO mitigates the impact of drought stress by upregulating glucosinolate metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Elevated CO (eCO ) reduces the impact of drought, but the mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Therefore, we used a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the interaction of drought and eCO in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Transcriptome and subsequent metabolite analyses identified a strong induction of the aliphatic glucosinolate (GL) biosynthesis as a main effect of eCO in drought-stressed leaves.

Cultivation and characterisation of Salicornia europaea, Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum biomass for green biorefinery applications.

Salt-tolerant halophytes have shown potential for biorefinery and agricultural use in salt-affected soils, increasing the value of marginal lands. They could provide a bio-based source for compounds obtained from the petrochemical industry or an alternative for biomass currently imported overseas. Salicornia europaea, Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum were cultivated in hydroponic systems under various salinity conditions, harvested green but not food-grade, and fractionated to green juice and fibre residue.

First experimental evidence suggests use of glucobrassicin as source of auxin in drought-stressed .

The synthesis of indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) from the indolic glucosinolate (iGSL) glucobrassicin (GB) is a unique trait of members of the Brassicales. To assess the contribution of this pathway to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis under stress conditions, drought stress (DS) experiments with were performed . Analysis of GSLs in DS plants revealed higher contents of GB in shoots and roots compared to control plants.

Current advances in seagrass research: A review from Viet Nam.

Seagrass meadows provide valuable ecosystem services but are fragile and threatened ecosystems all over the world. This review highlights the current advances in seagrass research from Viet Nam. One goal is to support decision makers in developing science-based conservation strategies.

An Overview of Soil and Soilless Cultivation Techniques-Chances, Challenges and the Neglected Question of Sustainability.

Resources such as fertile soil and clean water are already limited in many parts of the world. Additionally, the conventional use of arable land is becoming increasingly difficult, which is further exacerbated by climate change. Soilless cultivation systems do not only offer the opportunity to save water and cultivate without soil but also the chance to open up urban areas such as residential rooftops for food production in close proximity to consumers.

Financial Risk Management and Explainable, Trustworthy, Responsible AI.

This perspective paper is based on several sessions by the members of the Round Table AI at FIRM, with input from a number of external and international speakers. Its particular focus lies on the management of the model risk of productive models in banks and other financial institutions. The models in view range from simple rules-based approaches to Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Machine learning (ML) models with a high level of sophistication.

Analysis of rDNA reveals a high genetic diversity of Halophila major in the Wallacea region.

The genus Halophila shows the highest species diversity within the seagrass genera. Southeast Asian countries where several boundary lines exist were considered as the origin of seagrasses. We hypothesize that the boundary lines, such as Wallace's and Lydekker's Lines, may act as marine geographic barriers to the population structure of Halophila major.

NaSO and NaCl salts differentially modulate the antioxidant systems in the highly stress tolerant halophyte Prosopis strombulifera.

Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth. is a halophytic shrub abundant in high-salinity areas in central Argentina, with high tolerance against NaCl but strong growth inhibition by NaSO.

Immunomodulating Effect of the Consumption of Watercress on Exercise-Induced Inflammation in Humans.

The vegetable watercress ( R.Br.) is, besides being a generally nutritious food, a rich source of glucosinolates.

Current knowledge about NaSO effects on plants: what is different in comparison to NaCl?

In some areas of the world, high levels of sodium sulfate (NaSO) are found in the soil together with sodium chloride (NaCl). However, most studies on salinity are performed utilizing only NaCl as a salinizing agent. Generally, plant species have different tolerance/susceptibility responses when grown in the presence of these salts.

Pharmacological Insights into Halophyte Bioactive Extract Action on Anti-Inflammatory, Pain Relief and Antibiotics-Type Mechanisms.

The pharmacological activities in bioactive plant extracts play an increasing role in sustainable resources for valorization and biomedical applications. Bioactive phytochemicals, including natural compounds, secondary metabolites and their derivatives, have attracted significant attention for use in both medicinal products and cosmetic products. Our review highlights the pharmacological mode-of-action and current biomedical applications of key bioactive compounds applied as anti-inflammatory, bactericidal with antibiotics effects, and pain relief purposes in controlled clinical studies or preclinical studies.

Variation of Glucosinolate Contents in Clubroot-Resistant and -Susceptible Cultivars in Response to Virulence of .

The present study investigated the changes in total and individual glucosinolates (GSLs) in roots and leaves of different clubroot-resistant and -susceptible oilseed rape cultivars following artificial inoculation with isolates with different virulence. The results showed significant differences in clubroot incidence and severity as well as in the amount of total and individual glucosinolates between oilseed rape cultivars in response to virulence of the pathogen. Single among with total aliphatic and total indolic glucosinolate contents were significantly lower in leaves of susceptible cultivars compared to resistant ones due to the infection.

New insights into the salt tolerance of the extreme halophytic species Lycium humile (Lycieae, Solanaceae).

Knowledge about Solanaceae species naturally adapted to salinity is scarce, despite the fact that a considerable number of Solanaceae has been reported growing in saline environments. Lycium humile Phil. inhabits extreme saline soils in the Altiplano-Puna region (Central Andes, South America) and represents a promising experimental model to study salt tolerance in Solanaceae plants.

Explainable AI in Fintech Risk Management.

The paper proposes an explainable AI model that can be used in fintech risk management and, in particular, in measuring the risks that arise when credit is borrowed employing peer to peer lending platforms. The model employs Shapley values, so that AI predictions are interpreted according to the underlying explanatory variables. The empirical analysis of 15,000 small and medium companies asking for peer to peer lending credit reveals that both risky and not risky borrowers can be grouped according to a set of similar financial characteristics, which can be employed to explain and understand their credit score and, therefore, to predict their future behavior.

Screening of Emerging Pollutants (EPs) in Estuarine Water and Phytoremediation Capacity of under Controlled Conditions.

The increasing number of pharmaceuticals in the environment and their difficult biodegradation, can lead to bioaccumulation in different trophic compartments. Their bioaccumulation can have negative consequences, especially in the generation of bacterial resistance by antibiotics, but also in the impairment of plant and animal metabolism. The Tejo estuary in Portugal is the habitat for many plant and animal species, which are also prone to this type of contamination.

Provenance effect on bioactive phytochemicals and nutritional and health benefits of the desert date Balanites aegyptiaca.

Balanites aegyptiaca L. is a multipurpose tree distributed in Africa and Middle East. Several parts of B.

Promoting Beneficial and Inhibiting Undesirable Biofilm Formation with Mangrove Extracts.

The extracts of two mangrove species, and , have been analyzed at sub-lethal concentrations for their potential to modulate biofilm cycles (i.e., adhesion, maturation, and detachment) on a bacterium, yeast, and filamentous fungus.

Differential effects of NaCl and NaSO on the halophyte Prosopis strombulifera are explained by different responses of photosynthesis and metabolism.

Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth. is a halophytic shrub found in highly saline soils in Argentina, with high tolerance against NaCl but strong growth inhibition by NaSO In the present study, the differences in the physiological responses caused by these salts and an iso-osmotic combination thereof on photosynthesis, mineral composition and metabolism were analyzed.