Combined effect of Tetracycline compounds and essential oils on antimicrobial resistant isolated from the swine food chain.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses risks for food stakeholders because of the spread of resistant microbes and potential foodborne diseases. In example, pigs may carry strains, which can infect humans through contaminated food preparations. Due to their antibacterial properties and capacity to modulate bacterial drug resistance, essential oils (EOs) are attracting interest as prospective substitutes for synthetic antimicrobials which can help to reverse microbial resistance.

Clinical and genomic profiling of a patient with a de novo ring chromosome 18: a case report highlighting autoimmune and neurological implications.

Ring chromosome 18 (r(18)) is a rare chromosomal abnormality characterized by the circular rearrangement of chromosome 18, which presents significant challenges in genotype-phenotype correlations due to variability in deletions across the 18p and 18q arms. We report the case of a pediatric patient with a de novo ring chromosome 18, diagnosed by karyotype analysis and confirmed by high-resolution SNP arrays. The patient exhibited pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) in the 18p11.

Normalized and Directional Interplay Scoring for the Interrogation of Proteoform Data.

Histone proteoforms, often presenting multiple co-occurring post-translational modifications (PTMs), are central to chromatin regulation and gene expression. A proteoform is a specific form of a protein that includes variations arising from genetic changes, alternative RNA splicing, proteolytic processing, and PTMs. Genomic context-dependent histone proteoforms define the histone code, influencing cellular phenotype by dictating interactions with DNA and chromatin-associated proteins.

Adaptive strategies of Listeria monocytogenes: An in-depth analysis of the virulent strain involved in an outbreak in Italy through quantitative proteomics.

Despite the general classification of L. monocytogenes strains as equally virulent by global safety authorities, molecular epidemiology reveals diverse subtypes in food, processing environments, and clinical cases. This study focuses on a highly virulent strain associated with a listeriosis outbreak in Italy in 2022, providing insights through comprehensive foodomics approaches, with a specific emphasis on quantitative proteomics.

Anti-biofilm mechanisms of action of essential oils by targeting genes involved in quorum sensing, motility, adhesion, and virulence: A review.

Biofilms are a critical factor for food safety, causing important economic losses. Among the novel strategies for controlling biofilms, essential oils (EOs) can represent an environmentally friendly approach, able to act both on early and mature stages of biofilm formation. This review reports the anti-biofilm mechanisms of action of EOs against five pathogenic bacterial species known for their biofilm-forming ability.

Challenges and Opportunities in the Sustainable Improvement of Carrot Production.

From an agricultural perspective, carrots are a significant tap root vegetable crop in the family because of their nutritional value, health advantages, and economic importance. The edible part of a carrot, known as the storage root, contains various beneficial compounds, such as carotenoids, anthocyanins, dietary fiber, vitamins, and other nutrients. It has a crucial role in human nutrition as a significant vegetable and raw material in the nutraceutical, food, and pharmaceutical industries.

Antilisterial Effectiveness of var. and Essential Oils and Hydrolates Alone and in Combination.

The antimicrobial activity of var. (O) and (C) essential oils (EOs) and hydrolates (HYs) of the same botanical species was evaluated on sixteen strains from food and clinical origins. The antimicrobial activity was assessed by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination, viable cell enumeration over time up to 60 min, and evaluation of the cellular damage through Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) analysis.

An enhanced stereoselective synthesis of α,β-unsaturated esters through the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction in deep eutectic solvents.

A new scalable synthesis of ()-α,β-unsaturated esters has been developed using protic, non-toxic, and biodegradable deep eutectic solvents through the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction between triethyl phosphonates and (hetero)aromatic carbonyl compounds, encompassing electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups. Stereoselective preparation of disubstituted or trisubstituted ethyl cinnamate derivatives is achieved in the presence of LiOH, KCO, or DBU as bases, at room temperature and under air. Demonstrated with the synthesis of ()-ethyl 3-(4-bromophenyl)acrylate, the same eutectic mixture (choline chloride/urea) proved to be reusable for three consecutive runs.

Isofagomine Inhibits Multiple TcdB Variants and Protects Mice from -Induced Mortality.

causes life-threatening diarrhea and is one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections. During infection, releases two gut-damaging toxins, TcdA and TcdB, which are the primary determinants of disease pathogenesis and are important therapeutic targets. Once in the cytosol of mammalian cells, TcdA and TcdB use UDP-glucose to glucosylate host Rho GTPases, which leads to cytoskeletal changes that result in a loss of intestinal integrity.

In Vivo Evaluation of the Potential of Thyme and Lemon Hydrolates as Processing Aids to Reduce Norovirus Concentration during Oyster Depuration.

In this study, we evaluated the use of hydrolates, co-products of essential oil distillation, as processing aids to improve the depuration process of Pacific oysters () as a post-harvest method aimed at reducing the norovirus (NoV) viral load. Live oysters were kept in water to which hydrolates of and at 1% were added for 24 h. The concentration of NoV was quantified using the ISO 15216-1 quantitative real-time RT-PCR method in the oyster digestive tissue both before and after the treatment.

A comprehensive investigation of protein expression profiles in . exposed to thermal abuse, mild acid, and salt stress conditions.

Preventing infection is crucial for food safety, considering its widespread presence in the environment and its association with contaminated RTE foods. The pathogen's ability to persist under adverse conditions, for example, in food processing facilities, is linked to virulence and resistance mechanisms, including biofilm formation. In this study, the protein expression patterns of two 1/2a strains, grown under environmental stressors (mild acidic pH, thermal abuse, and high concentration of NaCl), were investigated.

Detection and Control of Foodborne Pathogens.

The globalization of food trade and the emergence of disease outbreaks involving several foodborne pathogens and foods has focused the attention of both the research community and consumers on food safety [...

Isofagomine inhibits multiple TcdB variants and protects mice from induced mortality.

causes life-threatening diarrhea and is the leading cause of healthcare associated bacterial infections in the United States. During infection, releases the gut-damaging toxins, TcdA and TcdB, the primary determinants of disease pathogenesis and are therefore therapeutic targets. TcdA and TcdB contain a glycosyltransferase domain that uses UDP-glucose to glycosylate host Rho GTPases, causing cytoskeletal changes that result in a loss of intestinal integrity.

Stress Adaptation Responses of a 1/2a Strain via Proteome Profiling.

is a foodborne pathogen that is ubiquitous and largely distributed in food manufacturing environments. It is responsible for listeriosis, a disease that can lead to significant morbidity and fatality in immunocompromised patients, pregnant women, and newborns. Few reports have been published about proteome adaptation when .

Gas-free alkoxycarbonylation of aryl iodides in a phosphonium-based deep eutectic solvent with Mo(CO) as a solid CO source.

Pd-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of aryl iodides has been explored, for the first time, in phosphonium-based deep eutectic solvents under gas-free conditions, by using Mo(CO) as the CO source. The method allows the preparation of ethylene glycol and glycerol esters in high yields (up to 99%), short reaction times and under mild reaction conditions with a very low catalyst loading (0.5 mol%).

A phosphonium-based deep eutectic solvent promotes the stereoselective semi-reduction of internal alkynes to ()-alkenes.

Treatment of internal alkynes with Al powder, Pd/C and basic water in a methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide/ethylene glycol eutectic mixture resulted in highly chemoselective formation of ()-alkenes in a yield of up to 99% with / stereoselectivity ranging from 63/37 to 99/1. The unusual catalytic activity of Pd/C is thought to be modulated by the formation of a phosphine ligand.

Effectiveness of essential oils against dual-species biofilm of in a Ricotta-based model system.

Biofilms represent an evolutionary form of life, which translates from life in free-living cells to a community lifestyle. In natural habitats, biofilms are a multispecies complex, where synergies or antagonisms can be established. For example, and are associated with a dual-species biofilm that is widespread in dairy plants.

Measuring consumer effort in circular economy initiatives in the food domain: An exploratory analysis.

The transition towards a Circular Economy (CE) system requires a change in consumers' behavioural pattern that implies a certain level of effort which, in turn, could affect initiatives' success. Although consumers' role in CE is increasingly drawing the attention of scholars, limited knowledge is available on the evaluation of consumer's effort in CE initiatives. The current research provides an identification and measurement of the core parameters affecting consumer effort, offering a comprehensive Effort Index applied to 20 CE companies operating in food domain.

Effect of membrane depolarization against Aspergillus niger GM31 resistant by ultra nanoclusters characterized by Ag and Ag oxidation state.

To date, the impossibility of treating resistant forms of bacteria and fungi (AMR) with traditional drugs is a cause for global alarm. We have made the green synthesis of Argirium silver ultra nanoclusters (Argirium-SUNCs) very effective against resistant bacteria (< 1 ppm) and mature biofilm (0.6 ppm).

The Multifaceted Relationship between the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Food System.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is being questioned for its possible food transmission, due to several reports of the virus on food, outbreaks developed in food companies, as well as its origins linked to the wet market of Wuhan, China. The purpose of this review is to analyze the scientific evidence gathered so far on the relationship between food and the pandemic, considering all aspects of the food system that can be involved. The collected data indicate that there is no evidence that foods represent a risk for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

TcdB Toxin Glucosylates Rho GTPase by an S Mechanism and Ion Pair Transition State.

Toxins TcdA and TcdB from glucosylate human colon Rho GTPases. TcdA and TcdB glucosylation of RhoGTPases results in cytoskeletal changes, causing cell rounding and loss of intestinal integrity. Clostridial toxins TcdA and TcdB are proposed to catalyze glucosylation of Rho GTPases with retention of stereochemistry from UDP-glucose.

Immunoproteome profiling of Listeria monocytogenes under mild acid and salt stress conditions.

Listeria monocytogenes is one of the main foodborne pathogens worldwide. Although its response to stress conditions has been extensively studied, it is still present in the food processing environments and is a concern for consumers. To investigate how this microorganism adapts its proteome in mild stress conditions, a combined proteomics and bioinformatics approach was used to characterize the immunogenic protein profile of a sequence type 7 (ST7) strain that caused severe listeriosis outbreaks in central Italy.