Nutritional care is a human right: Translating principles to clinical practice.

We have previously advocated that nutritional care be raised to the level of a human right in a close relationship to two well recognized fundamental rights: the right to food and the right to health. This paper aims to analyze the implication of nutritional care as a human right for healthcare practitioners. We will focus on the impact of the Human Rights Basic Approach (HRBA) on health care professionals (HCPs), namely how they can translate HRBA into routine clinical practice.

Nutritional care is a human right: Translating principles to clinical practice.

We have previously advocated that nutritional care be raised to the level of a human right, in close relationship to two well-recognized fundamental rights: the right to food and the right to health. This article aims to analyze the implication of nutritional care as a human right for healthcare practitioners. We will focus on the impact of the Human Rights Basic Approach (HRBA) on healthcare professionals (HCPs), namely how they can translate HRBA into routine clinical practice.

Clinical nutrition and human rights. An international position paper.

The International Working Group for Patients' Right to Nutritional Care presents its position paper regarding nutritional care as a human right intrinsically linked to the right to food and the right to health. All people should have access to food and evidence-based medical nutrition therapy including artificial nutrition and hydration. In this regard, the hospitalized malnourished ill should mandatorily have access to screening, diagnosis, nutritional assessment, with optimal and timely nutritional therapy in order to overcome malnutrition associated morbidity and mortality, while reducing the rates of disease-related malnutrition.

Clinical Nutrition and Human Rights. An International Position Paper.

The International Working Group for Patients' Right to Nutritional Care presents its position paper regarding nutritional care as a human right intrinsically linked to the right to food and the right to health. All people should have access to food and evidence-based medical nutrition therapy including artificial nutrition and hydration. In this regard, the hospitalized malnourished ill should mandatorily have access to screening, diagnosis, nutritional assessment, with optimal and timely nutritional therapy in order to overcome malnutrition associated morbidity and mortality, while reducing the rates of disease-related malnutrition.

Zinc absorption and zinc status are reduced after either sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in premenopausal women with severe obesity studied prospectively over 24 postoperative months.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) is known to reduce zinc absorption; the effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and its long-term implications on zinc absorption have not yet been studied.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effects of SG and RYGBP on zinc absorption and zinc status in premenopausal women with severe obesity up to 24 mo after surgery.

Methods: Twenty-six premenopausal women undergoing SG [BMI (in kg/m2): 37.

[Body composition assessment before and after weight loss following a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Are bioimpedanciometry estimations reliable?].

Introduction: in patients with severe and morbid obesity it has been observed that bioimpedance (BIA) assessment generates an underestimation of fat mass (FM) and weight loss as FM after bariatric surgery, overestimating the loss of fat-free mass (FFM) and muscle mass. Objective: to evaluate the reliability of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to estimate total body water (TBW), fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), and its changes after 6 months of a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP), in patients with severe and morbid obesity. Methods: thirty-six patients approved for RYGBP were prospectively studied.

Calcium absorption may be affected after either sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in premenopausal women: a 2-y prospective study.

Background: Although Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) is known to reduce calcium absorption (CA), the effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and its long-term implications on CA have not yet been studied.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in CA and its relation with modifications of bone mineral density (BMD), intakes of calcium and vitamin D, vitamin D status, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations ≤24 mo after SG and RYGBP, respectively.

Design: Twenty-six premenopausal women undergoing SG [mean ± SD body mass index (BMI; kg/m2): 37.

Micronutrient Deficiencies in Morbidly Obese Women Prior to Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Although morbid obesity is related to excess of energy and macronutrient intake, it does not rule out the presence of micronutrient deficiencies. The aim of this study was to evaluate food intake and the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in a group of morbidly obese women seeking bariatric surgery.

Methods: A total of 103 morbidly obese women were studied prior to bariatric surgery.

[Bone mineral density disminution post Roux-Y bypass surgery].

Introduction: Bariatric surgery has important metabolic complications such as bone mass loss.

Goal: To assess bone mineral density (BMD) after Roux-en-Y gastric by-pass (RYGB) in patients under standard calcium and vitamin D supplementation.

Method: In patients with morbid obesity submitted to RYGB, 76 women and 22 men of diverse age, all with standard nutritional instruction including vitamin D and calcium, we measured BMD with a dual X-ray densitometer.

[Evolution of the intake and nutritional status of zinc, iron and copper in women undergoing bariatric surgery until the second year after surgery].

Introduction: Bariatric surgery allows a significant reduction in weight and improvement of comorbidities associated with obesity in the long term, but it can also adversely affect the nutritional status of some micronutrients.

Objectives: To evaluate changes in intake and parameters of nutritional status of zinc, iron and copper in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG), until the second postoperative year.

Methods: We prospectively studied 45 women undergoing GBP or SG (mean age 35.

Is laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy an acceptable primary bariatric procedure in obese patients? Early and 5-year postoperative results.

In this paper, we analyze and discuss the possibility of Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy being accepted as a primary and definitive procedure for obese patients with comorbidities. This is based on our postoperative and 5 years of follow-up result and comparing them with the data reported in the international literature. For comparison of the results, a narrative revision of the literature was performed, using the Medline, Pubmed, and data base publications (Medline, Lilacs, and Cochrane Library), looking for the term "Sleeve gastrectomy," "Obesity," "Bariatric surgery," "Laparoscopic surgery" including "Review" articles and also other 42 selected papers.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with mild obesity: preliminary results of surgical treatment.

In the last years, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity have become a serious public health problem, behaving as epidemic diseases. There is great interest in exploring different options for the treatment of T2DM in nonmorbidly obese patients. The purpose of this study is to report parameters of glycemic control in patients with T2DM and mild obesity who underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP).

Heme- and nonheme-iron absorption and iron status 12 mo after sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in morbidly obese women.

Background: The effect of bariatric surgery on iron absorption is only partially known.

Objective: The objective was to study the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) on heme- and nonheme-iron absorption and iron status.

Design: Fifty-eight menstruating women were enrolled in this prospective study [mean (±SD) age: 35.

[Alopecia in women with severe and morbid obesity who undergo bariatric surgery].

Introduction: Bariatric surgery leads to a significant body weigh reduction although it is associated to a higher risk of presenting some nutritional deficiencies. A common complication, little studied and mainly related to zinc deficiency is alopecia.

Objectives: To compare the nutritional status of zinc, iron, copper, selenium and protein-visceral in women with different degrees of hair loss at 6 months after gastric bypass or tubular gastrectomy.

Changes in ghrelin concentrations one year after resective and non-resective gastric bypass: associations with weight loss and energy and macronutrient intakes.

Objective: Ghrelin is a potent stimulator of appetite and synthesized in the stomach. Its role in weight loss after gastric bypass (GBP) is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between weight loss and food intake and between weight loss and changes in serum ghrelin concentrations 1 y after GBP with resection of the bypassed stomach (R-GBP) and without resection (NR-GBP).

First-trimester adiponectin and subsequent development of preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction.

Background/aims: The evidence regarding the utility of assessing first-trimester adiponectin (ApN) serum levels in early prediction of preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) is contradictory. This study aims to determine the role of maternal serum ApN levels as an early predictor of PE and FGR.

Methods: A prospective case-control study among a pregnant population who attended their 11- to 14-week ultrasound scan at the University of Chile's Clinical Hospital's Fetal Medicine Unit.

Zinc absorption and zinc status are reduced after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a randomized study using 2 supplements.

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies are common in patients undergoing gastric bypass. The effect of this type of surgery on zinc absorption and zinc status is not well known.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) on zinc status and zinc absorption at different stages after surgery.

Trace element status and inflammation parameters after 6 months of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Background: Knowledge about the practical consequences of the nutritional status of Fe, Zn, and Cu and inflammation in obesity is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes on trace element status and their potential associations with selected inflammation parameters in patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP).

Methods: Sixty-three women (mean age, 36.

Scintigraphic evaluation of gastric emptying in obese patients submitted to sleeve gastrectomy compared to normal subjects.

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has been accepted as an option for surgical treatment for obesity. This operation could be associated with motor gastric dysfunction and abnormal gastric emptying. The purpose of this prospective study is to present the results of gastric emptying to liquids and solids using scintigraphy in patients who underwent SG compared to normal subjects.

Iron absorption and iron status are reduced after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Background: Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia are common in patients who undergo gastric bypass. The magnitude of change in iron absorption is not well known.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) on iron status and iron absorption at different stages after surgery.

[Review of the results of medical and surgical treatment of morbid obesity].

This is a review of publications comparing the results of medical and surgical treatment of morbid obesity. An overall conclusions is that the frequency of cardiovascular complications or cancer is higher among patients receiving medical treatment. Surgical treatment is associated with a better weight loss, reduction in complications and quality of life.

Evaluation of the radiological gastric capacity and evolution of the BMI 2-3 years after sleeve gastrectomy.

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy is a restrictive procedure for treatment of obese patients with different body mass index (BMI) and presents good results in terms of a reduction of percentage of excess weight loss and BMI. There is no consensus which is the optimal technique regarding to the diameter of the gastric tube, but a capacity of 100-120 ml has been suggested. In this prospective study, we compare the gastric capacity evaluated with barium sulfate or computer-aided tomography (CAT) scan early and 24 months after operation compared to the changes in body weight and BMI reduction in a small group of 15 consecutive patients submitted to sleeve gastrectomy.

[Energy expenditure and body composition in severe and morbid obese women after gastric bypass].

Background: The effects of gastric bypass (GBP) on resting energy expenditure (REE) are not well known.

Aim: To evaluate the changes in REE and its relationship with body composition in severe and morbid obese women before and six and twelve months after GBP.

Patients And Methods: Twenty three women aged 37+/-10 years, with a body mass index of 44+/-4 kg/m(2), were evaluated before, six and twelve months after GBP.

Changes in bone mineral density, body composition and adiponectin levels in morbidly obese patients after bariatric surgery.

Background: Gastric bypass surgery (GBP) is increasingly used as a treatment option in morbid obesity. Little is known about the effects of this surgery on bone mineral density (BMD) and the underlying mechanisms. To evaluate changes on BMD after GBP and its relation with changes in body composition and serum adiponectin, a longitudinal study in morbid obese subjects was conducted.