The effect of socio-economic status on children's dental health.

The aim of the present study was to record the oral health status of children from different socioeconomic backgrounds and correlate these findings with parent-associated factors. It comprised a cross-sectional study of healthy children, aged 6-12 years, attending either the Reception and Solidarity Center of the Municipality of Athens or the Postgraduate Paediatric Dentistry Department (NKUA) for dental care. Data regarding the demographics of both parents-guardians, as well as the children, and oral hygiene and dietary habits were collected through a structured questionnaire.

The role of calcium in the prevention of erosive tooth wear: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The loss of hard dental tissue due to recurrent acid challenges and mechanical stresses without bacterial involvement is known as erosive tooth wear (ETW). Many studies in the literature have concentrated on variables that may affect the ETW process and prevent its occurrence or reduce its advancement. However, to date, no previous systematic review has evaluated the role of calcium in preventing ETW.

The effect of mastic mouthwash on halitosis and oral hygiene in orthodontic patients: a randomized clinical trial.

Background/objectives: The aim of this trial was to investigate the effect of mastic mouthwash on halitosis using as a proxy the levels of the Volatile Sulfur Compounds (VSCs), and the effect on plaque and gingival indices in adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed conventional labial appliances.

Subjects/methods: The study was a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial. Thirty patients with fixed orthodontic appliances were randomly allocated at a 1:1 ratio, to either the mastic-mouthwash or the placebo-mouthwash group.

Assessing quality and quantity of cortical bone in childhood cancer survivors using anthropometric indices.

Objectives: Evaluate mandibular cortical bone in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and correlate findings with disease and treatment characteristics.

Methods: Dental panoramic radiographs of 60 CCS and of 120 age and gender-matched healthy individuals were assessed by two independent observers. Bone was categorized as normal, moderately or severely eroded and its width was calculated at four sites bilaterally.

Long-Term Effect of Diet Consistency on Mandibular Growth within Three Generations: A Longitudinal Cephalometric Study in Rats.

Background: This study investigated the effect of diet consistency on mandibular growth of Wistar rats through three generations.

Methods: A total breeding sample of 60 female and 8 male Wistar rats were used in this study. Measurements took place only on female animals.

Prevalence and association of gastroesophageal reflux disease and dental erosion: An overview of reviews.

Objectives: The aim of this overview of reviews was to retrieve and evaluate the available evidence concerning the prevalence and association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and erosive tooth wear (ETW).

Data: A literature search was conducted in electronic databases and relative systematic reviews with or without meta-analyses were located. Updated supplemental search was also undertaken to identify additional primary studies.

Impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the oral health status of paediatric dental patients in Greece.

Background: Limited evidence regarding the post-COVID-19 dental status of paediatric patients is available, with most studies assessing only children's oral health habits.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on the oral health of paediatric dental patients in Greece.

Design: This was a retrospective cohort study that included a questionnaire on children's oral health behavior and a clinical examination assessing dental caries and dental treatment needs using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria, dmft/DMFT, and Treatment Need Index.

Applications of Biotechnology to the Craniofacial Complex: A Critical Review.

Background: Biotechnology shows a promising future in bridging the gap between biomedical basic sciences and clinical craniofacial practice. The purpose of the present review is to investigate the applications of biotechnology in the craniofacial complex.

Methods: This critical review was conducted by using the following keywords in the search strategy: "biotechnology", "bioengineering", "craniofacial", "stem cells", "scaffolds", "biomarkers", and "tissue regeneration".

Comparison in Terms of Accuracy between DLP and LCD Printing Technology for Dental Model Printing.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) 3D printer compared to a Direct Light Processing (DLP) 3D printer for dental model printing.

Methods: Two different printers in terms of 3D printing technology were used in this study. One was a DLP 3D printer and one an LCD 3D printer.

Socio-behavioral factors, oral hygiene level and periodontitis prevalence in a 35-44-year-old Greek adult population: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: Sub-optimal oral hygiene is considered as a primary risk factor for periodontitis occurrence. Various socio-behavioral determinants may contribute either independently or by influencing adversely the oral hygiene (OH) level. The aim of the present study was to examine the periodontal status of 35-44-year-old Greek adults and determine the contribution of risk indicators, including the socio-behavioral aspects and the population's oral hygiene level, on disease prevalence.

Downregulation of Salivary Proteins, Protective against Dental Caries, in Type 1 Diabetes.

Saliva, an essential oral secretion involved in protecting the oral cavity's hard and soft tissues, is readily available and straightforward to collect. Recent studies have analyzed the salivary proteome in children and adolescents with extensive carious lesions to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The current study aimed to investigate saliva's diagnostic ability through proteomics to detect the potential differential expression of proteins specific for the occurrence of carious lesions.

Clinical and microbial oral health status in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To study the oral health of young individuals with controlled and uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and compare the results with those for healthy counterparts.

Materials And Methods: One-hundred and forty-four youngsters (6-15 years of age) were assigned, according to glycaemic control, to three study groups: (i) diabetic patients with poor glycaemic control [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c ≥7.5%)] (n = 35); (ii) diabetic patients with good glycaemic control (HbA1c <7.

Salivary levels of cariogenic bacterial species during orthodontic treatment with thermoplastic aligners or fixed appliances: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Fixed orthodontic appliances might be associated with intraoral adverse effects on enamel, due to plaque accumulation and their colonization by oral microbes. At the same time, the demand for esthetic alternatives to orthodontic treatment, like thermoplastic aligners, is growing. However, thermoplastic aligners may behave differently intraorally than fixed appliances in terms of bacterial colonization and biofilm formation.

Socio-demographic and area-related factors associated with the prevalence of caries among preschool children in Greece.

Objective: To assess dental caries experience in 4-6 year old children of the Athens Metropolitan Area attending public kindergartens and investigate the association of area deprivation and immigration status on dmft.

Basic Research Design: A cross-sectional study of a large area-stratified sample of 683 kindergarten children was conducted during the academic years 2009-2011. Dental caries experience and oral hygiene level were assessed using dmft and the Simplified Debris index (DI-s).

A comparison of a new alcohol-free 0.2% chlorhexidine oral rinse to an established 0.2% chlorhexidine rinse with alcohol for the control of dental plaque accumulation.

Objectives: To compare the clinical efficacy of two formulations (alcohol and alcohol free) of 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) rinses on plaque, gingivitis and discoloration of teeth.

Methods: This double-blind crossover study consisted of one group of 10 volunteer dental students that followed two 21-day experimental gingivitis test periods.

The autoimmunity-oral microbiome connection.

To date, there is a major effort in deciphering the role of complex microbial communities, especially the oral and gut microbiomes, in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Increasing evidence indicates a key role for the oral microbiome in autoimmune diseases. In this review article, we discuss links of the oral microbiota to a group of autoimmune diseases, that is, Sjögren's syndrome (SS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Crohn's disease (CD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

EFP Delphi study on the trends in Periodontology and Periodontics in Europe for the year 2025.

Aim: The aim was to assess the potential trends in Periodontology and Periodontics in Europe that might be anticipated by the year 2025, using the Delphi method.

Material And Methods: The expert opinion of 120 experts was sought through the use of an open-ended questionnaire, developed by an advisory group, containing 40 questions concerning the various trends in periodontology.

Results: The experts (113 responders) expect a stabilization of the prevalence of periodontitis, both for the chronic as well as the aggressive cases, but an increase in implant-related diseases up to the year 2025.

Changes of volatile sulphur compounds during therapy of a case series of patients with chronic periodontitis and halitosis.

Aim: To assess the effect of different stages of intervention on volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) of periodontitis patients with halitosis, before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Material & Methods: This clinical trial included 18 adults with chronic periodontitis and halitosis. After initial examination, patients received oral hygiene (OH) instructions and tongue cleaner.

Prevalence of dental caries in 5-year-old Greek children and the use of dental services: evaluation of socioeconomic, behavioural factors and living conditions.

Objectives: To assess dental caries and use of dental services experience in 5-year-old children attending public kindergartens in Attica, Greece and to examine the influence of certain socioeconomic factors and living conditions as well as dental behaviours and attitudes.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a random and stratified sample of 605 Greek children was examined using decayed, missing, filled tooth surfaces and simplified debris indices. The use of dental services was measured by children's dental visits (any dental visit up to the age of 5 years).

Incidence of Bacteriocins Produced by Food-Related Lactic Acid Bacteria Active towards Oral Pathogens.

In the present study we investigated the incidence of bacteriocins produced by 236 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) food isolates against pathogenic or opportunistic pathogenic oral bacteria. This set of LAB contained several strains (≥17%) producing bacteriocins active against food-related bacteria. Interestingly only Streptococcus macedonicus ACA-DC 198 was able to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus gordonii, while Lactobacillus fermentum ACA-DC 179 and Lactobacillus plantarun ACA-DC 269 produced bacteriocins solely against Streptococcus oralis.

Dental erosion prevalence and associated risk indicators among preschool children in Athens, Greece.

Objectives: The aims of the study were to investigate dental erosion prevalence, distribution and severity in Greek preschool children attending public kindergartens in the prefecture of Attica, Greece and to determine the effect of dental caries, oral hygiene level, socio-economic factors, dental behavior, erosion related medication and chronic illness.

Material And Methods: A random and stratified sample of 605 Greek preschool children was clinically examined for dental erosion using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination Index (ΒΕWE). Dental caries (dmfs) and Simplified Debris Index were also recorded.

Adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Biofilm Formation on Different Types of Orthodontic Brackets.

Objectives. To examine the interaction between Porphyromonas gingivalis and 3 different orthodontic brackets in vitro, focusing on the effect of an early salivary pellicle and other bacteria on the formation of biofilms. Material and Methods.

Validation of a Greek version of the oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) for use among adults.

Background: To test the validity of the short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) for use among adults in Greece.

Methods: The original English version of the OHIP-14 was translated using the forward-backward technique, pilot-tested, and then applied to 211 adults aged 35 years and above. The questionnaire was filled out during face-to-face interviews conducted by one dentist, while individuals were asked to undergo a clinical examination.

Greece's high dentist to population ratio: comparisons, causes, and effects.

Reaching the optimal dentist to population ratio is a common health policy challenge around the world, but while many countries have too few dentists for their populations, Greece is facing the opposite problem. This study was designed to describe and analyze trends in the number and distribution of dentists in Greece over the last thirty years and compare the Greek dentist to population ratio with that of the other twenty-six European Union (EU) countries. Demographic data for Greece were obtained from the Hellenic Dental Association and the National Statistical Service of Greece and were analyzed using nonparametric statistical tests.